教学课程资源库 更多>>

关键词： 云计算   计算机专业课   教学改革   教学模式  

摘要： 随着云计算技术的快速发展和广泛应用,高校计算机专业的教学模式面临着新的挑战和机遇。文中探讨了云计算技术融入高校计算机专业课教学中的必要性,分析了云计算对教学内容、教学方式、教学资源以及师生互动的影响,并提出了相应的教学改革实施方法,以期提高教学质量,培养适应现代社会需求的高素质计算机专业人才。

关键词： Assessment and evaluation   Computer science education   Professional development   Teacher education  

摘要： Evaluating computer science (CS) teacher competencies is crucial for advancing CS education. This study aims to develop and evaluate a self-efficacy assessment tool for CS teaching competence among 1412 CS teachers nationwide in Thailand. Using structural equation modeling, the validity of the tool was examined across four domains: Content Knowledge and Skills (CK), Instructional Design (ID), Classroom Management (CM), and Professional Development (PD). The results demonstrated a good model fit and validity (CFI = 0.95, TLI = 0.95, PNFI = 0.85, RMSEA = 0.08, SRMR = 0.02, GFI = 0.97). Significant differences in self-efficacy were observed across the domains with a medium effect size (χ²(3) = 1233.26, p <.001, w = 0.29), with the highest self-efficacy in PD, followed by CM, CK, and ID. Teachers in their 30 s showed greater confidence in CM, while those with 5–9 years of experience exhibited the highest overall self-efficacy. Secondary school teachers expressed more confidence in ID and PD than primary school teachers. Additionally, teachers in smaller schools, categorized by the number of students, reported significantly lower self-efficacy in CK (p =.01), ID (p <.01), and CM (p <.01) than those in larger schools. These findings highlight the need for specific and continuing PD programs to address differences in teacher competencies and improve the quality of CS education in Thailand. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： 疫情冲击   环境政策效率   可再生能源   技术创新  

摘要： 新冠疫情的冲击显著改变了世界能源消费模式。在疫情冲击的“创造性破坏”视角下,构建了环境政策效率比较框架模型,利用91个国家和地区疫情期间电力能源的面板数据,实证探讨了疫情冲击下不同环境政策工具与可再生能源消费和技术创新之间的关系,以确定疫情后世界能源消费趋势的系统性转变。研究发现,疫情冲击造成世界能源总体消费急剧下降,却导致了能源效率永久性提高,产出的能源强度相应下降,同时,能源消费向可再生绿色能源加速转变。不同的环境政策工具或组合,在驱动可再生能源技术创新过程中存在异质性。整体上来看,在以税收、交易计划和上网电价等市场化环境政策为主的发达经济体中,这种促进效应更为直接和显著,但在较多依赖补贴、排放许可及行政命令(CAC)等非市场化环境政策的新兴市场中,表现得较弱且存在滞后效应。

关键词： Statistical physics   thermodynamics and nonlinear dynamics   Computer science   Electrical and electronic engineering  

摘要： Machine learning studies need colossal power to process massive datasets and train neural networks to reach high accuracies, which have become gradually unsustainable. Limited by the von Neumann bottleneck, current computing architectures and methods fuel this high power consumption. Here, we present an analog computing method that harnesses chaotic nonlinear attractors to perform machine learning tasks with low power consumption. Inspired by neuromorphic computing, our model is a programmable, versatile, and generalized platform for machine learning tasks. Our mode provides exceptional performance in clustering by utilizing chaotic attractors’ nonlinear mapping and sensitivity to initial conditions. When deployed as a simple analog device, it only requires milliwatt-scale power levels while being on par with current machine learning techniques. We demonstrate low errors and high accuracies with our model for regression and classification-based learning tasks. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： “双师型”目标   计算机科学与技术   人才培养  

摘要： 该文对计算机科学与技术教育人才培养的实用策略进行了探讨。首先介绍了“双师型”教师的定义,强调了其在教育过程中的重要作用,然后剖析“双师型”教育模式的应用效果并结合实际案例进行了探讨。研究结果表明,“双师型”教育模式的实施,不仅可以使学生的职业技能水平得到明显提高,而且可以推动职业学科教育向更加专业的方向发展,并促进教学方法不断改进以适应教育需求和技术的更新。

关键词： Lab-on-a-chip   Microfluidics   Engineering   Computer science   Lab-on-a-chip  

摘要： Microfluidics and 3D printing offer exciting opportunities for the development of new technologies and applications in the fields of biology, chemistry, and medicine. However, the design of 3D-printed microfluidic devices remains a challenging and complex task, requiring specialized knowledge and expertise in fluid mechanics, 3D modeling, and 3D printing technology. Currently, there are very few tools helping engineers to do the labor-intensive process of designing microfluidic devices, let alone any tools that can help them design microfluidic devices for 3D printing. In this work, we introduce Flui3d, an interactive software platform for designing microfluidic devices for 3D printing. Flui3d offers a standard parameterized component library, support for multi-layer design, and the ability to design and configure microfluidic devices without the need for specialized knowledge. Flui3d incorporates a distinctive Design-for-Manufacturing (DFM) function, facilitating seamless fabrication of the designed microfluidic devices using commercial consumer-grade printers. We discuss the key features and benefits of Flui3d and demonstrate them by designing examples of microfluidic devices. We also discuss the design complexity and the potential applications of Flui3d. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： 物理学   计算机科学   人工智能  

摘要： 从字面意义上看,人工智能和物理学是两个完全不同的学科。实际上,人工智能的另外一个名称是“机器智能”,其中的“机器”是指电子计算机。1946年,电子计算机成功脱胎于能够表达逻辑代数的电路系统(物理学),具有了媲美甚至超越人类计算和记忆(存储)的能力,逐渐发展出一个新的学科——计算机科学。本文从计算机科学的视角,通过概述计算机诞生以来近80年的发展历程,来解读2024年诺贝尔物理学奖颁给人工智能学者的原因。

关键词： 党建工作   业务工作   立德   强能   创境  

摘要： 山东建筑大学计算机科学与技术学院党委将党建工作与业务工作深度融合,传承学院文化并拓展延伸,致力打造“E路同行”立体式特色党建体系,分为“E航天下”立德体系、“E心双环”强能体系、“E海无涯”创境体系三大模块进行框架设计。其中,“E航天下”立德体系是核心,旨在将基层党建与思想政治教育相结合;“E心双环”强能体系是保障,旨在将基层党建与学院科研教学水平、师生能力培养相融合;“E海无涯”创境体系是支撑,旨在打造学院育人环境。三者相辅相成,相互促进,共同构成“E路同行”品牌特色。

关键词： Engineering   Computer science  

摘要： Autonomous robots used in infrastructure inspection, space exploration and other critical missions operate in highly dynamic environments. As such, they must continually verify their ability to complete the tasks associated with these missions safely and effectively. Here we present a Bayesian learning framework that enables this runtime verification of autonomous robots. The framework uses prior knowledge and observations of the verified robot to learn expected ranges for the occurrence rates of regular and singular (e.g., catastrophic failure) events. Interval continuous-time Markov models defined using these ranges are then analysed to obtain expected intervals of variation for system properties such as mission duration and success probability. We apply the framework to an autonomous robotic mission for underwater infrastructure inspection and repair. The formal proofs and experiments presented in the paper show that our framework produces results that reflect the uncertainty intrinsic to many real-world systems, enabling the robust verification of their quantitative properties under parametric uncertainty. © The Author(s) 2024.