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关键词： Scientific Events   Ontology   Metadata Analysis   Scholarly Communication   Metric Suite  

摘要： The publish or perish culture of scholarly communication results in quality and relevance to be are subordinate to quantity. Scientific events such as conferences play an important role in scholarly communication and knowledge exchange. Researchers in many fields, such as computer science, often need to search for events to publish their research results, establish connections for collaborations with other researchers and stay up to date with recent works. Researchers need to have a meta-research understanding of the quality of scientific events to publish in high-quality venues. However, there are many diverse and complex criteria to be explored for the evaluation of events. Thus, finding events with quality-related criteria becomes a time-consuming task for researchers and often results in an experience-based subjective evaluation. *** is a crowd-sourcing platform that provides features to explore previous and upcoming events of computer science, based on a knowledge graph. In this paper, we devise an ontology representing scientific events metadata. Furthermore, we introduce an analytical study of the evolution of Computer Science events leveraging the *** knowledge graph. We identify common characteristics of these events, formalize them, and combine them as a group of metrics. These metrics can be used by potential authors to identify high-quality events. On top of the improved ontology, we analyzed the metadata of renowned conferences in various computer science communities, such as VLDB, ISWC, ESWC, WIMS, and SEMANTiCS, in order to inspect their potential as event metrics.

ISBN: (纸本)9787121419553

关键词： Feature extraction   Roads   Sensors   Safety   Urban areas   Law enforcement   Computer science   Crime inference   crime risk   heterogeneous open data   route recommendation   urban computing  

摘要： Crime has been a complex social problem worldwide, impacting numerous individuals in both property and psychology, and affecting public safety as well. To prevent and avoid crime is of great importance for urban authorities and citizens. Crime prediction using various urban sensing data provides a promising paradigm to cope with this challenging problem. However, previous studies on crime prediction mainly focus on coarse-grained prediction at the region level, which fail in fine-grained road-level crime inference due to data sparsity problems. This article proposes a road-level framework for fine-grained crime risk inference leveraging heterogeneous open data. We first extract a set of features from relevant external datasets and historical crime records, i.e., temporal, spatial, and recurrence crime features. We then establish a spatio-temporal crime pattern using spatio-temporal features, and further infer road-level crime risk incorporating with recurrence crime features. The framework not only considers a useful spatio-temporal pattern but also considers a unique crime near-repeat phenomenon, which helps address the data sparsity. We further present an application crime risk-aware route recommendation to demonstrate the effectiveness of our framework. This application cannot be solved well with coarse-grained (e.g., region-level) crime risk results since it is inconvenient for people to travel while avoiding large regions with potential crime risks. Experiments with the real-world datasets from New York City show that our framework accurately infers road-level crime risk and outperforms other baseline methods.

关键词： Conversational Agent   Computer Science   MOOC   Programming   Java  

摘要： One important problem in MOOCs is the lack of personalized support from teachers. Conversational agents arise as one possible solution to assist MOOC learners and help them to study. For example, conversational agents can help review key concepts of the MOOC by asking questions to the learners and providing examples. JavaPAL, a voice-based conversational agent for supporting learners on a MOOC on programming with Java offered on edX. This paper evaluates JavaPAL from different perspectives. First, the usability of JavaPAL is analyzed, obtaining a score of 74.41 according to a System Usability Scale (SUS). Second, learners' performance is compared when answering questions directly through JavaPAL and through the equivalent web interface on edX, getting similar results in terms of performance. Finally, interviews with JavaPAL users reveal that this conversational agent can be helpful as a complementary tool for the MOOC due to its portability and flexibility compared to accessing the MOOC contents through the web interface.

关键词： block-based visual programming   textual languages   dual-modality programming environments   hybrid   and CS0  

摘要： Block-based programming languages (BBLs) have been proposed as a way to prepare students for learning to program in more sophisticated, text-based languages, such as Java. Hybrid BBLs add the ability to view and edit the block commands in auto-generated, text-based code. We compared the use of a non-hybrid BBL (Scratch), a hybrid BBL (Pencil Code), and no BBL across three sections of an introductory CS course that taught Java programming, to determine whether either type of BBL offered cognitive or affective advantages for learning Java. Students in the BBL groups were surveyed about their perceptions of each BBL in terms of ease of use and helpfulness in learning Java, and all three groups were compared on their performance in Java programming. The results showed that, in this introductory CS course, neither type of BBL offered an advantage in preparing students for learning Java. These results held regardless of the students' level of Java knowledge prior to the course.

关键词： 电子计算机  

ISBN: (纸本)9787121421051

摘要： 本书共4部分，第1部分为计算机系统，主要讲解计算机硬件系统的组成及应用、软件与操作系统的功能；第2部分为办公自动化软件；第3部分为数据与计算，主要阐述计算机中的数据及其处理方法，通过数据、算法、语言、数据库、大数据等内容；第4部分为网络与新技术。

关键词： Productivity   Computer science   Mental health   Safety  

摘要： As enrollment in computer science (CS) programs increases and technical jobs become more available, the mental health of computer scientists and engineers requires wider discussion. Mental health constitutes of emotional, social, and psychological well-being, affecting how a person thinks, feels, and acts. Addressing issues surrounding mental health is critical in ensuring one's happiness, productivity, and, ultimately, safety.

关键词： Mobile handsets   Performance evaluation   Computer science   Portable document format   Delays   File systems   Data structures   Discard   F2FS   mobile device   TRIM   user experience  

摘要： TRIM is a recommended command to deliver data invalidation information of the file system to flash storage. It is issued on both system level and device level. Since it can reduce the number of data copies during device-level garbage collection (DGC), TRIM has been widely used to improve the endurance and performance of mobile devices. Contrary to the common belief, this work identifies that the default TRIM scheme has both merit and drawback to the performance of mobile devices, especially in flash-friendly file system (F2FS), which is a commonly used file system in mobile devices. On one hand, TRIM can reduce garbage collection migration to prolong the flash lifetime as well as improving I/O throughput;On the other hand, TRIM may induce I/O contentions. This article proposes a new TRIM scheme, iTRIM, to distribute the timing overheads to system idle time. To further reduce I/O contention and improve I/O performance, the design of iTRIM considers the TRIM size, and the logical addresses' pattern of victim invalidated data. Experimental results show that iTRIM can minimize I/O contentions while retaining the benefits of the default TRIM scheme for endurance and performance.

关键词： 电子计算机   高等学校   教材  

ISBN: (纸本)9787113270278

摘要： 本书以计算思维为主线，通过讲授计算机科学的基础知识和技术，让读者体会思考问题和解决问题的新方法。全书分为7章，第1章计算机概论，讲解计算机发展、计算模型、计算机工作原理、IT新技术、信息安全及计算思维；第2章计算机硬件基础，讲解数制、二进制运算、数的表示、字符的编码、多媒体数据表示及计算机硬件组成；第3章计算机软件基础，讲解软件基本概念、算法设计与评价、数据结构、操作系统的进程管理、存储管理、设备管理、文件管理；第4章计算机网络基础，讲解计算机网络基本概念、网络协议及体系结构、网络软硬件组成、网络地址、网络管理技术等；第5章Python程序设计，讲解Python程序中数据类型、程序控制结构、函数、文件、面向对象编程、图形用户界面设计等；第6章多媒体技术及应用，讲解多媒体技术概论、Phtoshop图像处理、网页语言HTML、Dreamweaver网页制作、CSSDIV技术等；第7章IT新技术，讲解人工智能、云计算、大数据、物联网等知识。本书从初学者入门的角度组织教学内容，既注重思维能力的培养，又兼顾应用需求，深入浅出地为读者介绍计算机基础知识。在第二版的基础上删除了原第6章数据库的内容，对其余章节的内容进行了修订，并增加了第7章IT新技术的内容。