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关键词： 创新能力培养   无线网络   物联网   “学-练-赛”模式  

摘要： 学生的创新能力培养是近年来高校本科教育的主要关注点之一,是国家实施创新驱动发展战略、促进经济提质增效升级的迫切需要。为培养符合社会和国家需要的人才,本文提出了"学-练-赛"驱动的计算机类本科生创新能力培养模式,即学好课程基础理论、强化动手实践训练,将所学知识用于解决实际的工程问题,并在竞赛中探索新思路和新方法,并以"无线网络技术"课程为案例,探讨如何将"学-练-赛"模式进行实际运用。实践表明,其在学生创新力培养方面具有较好的效果,能有效提升学生的积极性。

关键词： Binary codes   Semantics   Computer architecture   Runtime   Computer science   Feature extraction   Internet of Things   Binary code similarity comparison   reverse engineering   program analysis   code clone  

摘要： Binary code similarity comparison is a methodology for identifying similar or identical code fragments in binary programs. It is indispensable in fields of software engineering and security, which has many important applications (e.g., plagiarism detection, bug detection). With the widespread of smart and Internet of Things (IoT) devices, an increasing number of programs are ported to multiple architectures (e.g., ARM, MIPS). It becomes necessary to detect similar binary code across architectures as well. The main challenge of this topic lies in the semantics-equivalent code transformation resulting from different compilation settings, code obfuscation, and varied instruction set architectures. Another challenge is the trade-off between comparison accuracy and coverage. Unfortunately, existing methods still heavily rely on semantics-less code features which are susceptible to the code transformation. Additionally, they perform the comparison merely either in a static or in a dynamic manner, which cannot achieve high accuracy and coverage simultaneously. In this paper, we propose a semantics-based hybrid method to compare binary function similarity. We execute the reference function with test cases, then emulate the execution of every target function with the runtime information migrated from the reference function. Semantic signatures are extracted during the execution as well as the emulation. Lastly, similarity scores are calculated from the signatures to measure the likeness of functions. We have implemented the method in a prototype system designated as BinMatch which performs binary code similarity comparison across architectures of x86, ARM and MIPS on the Linux platform. We evaluate BinMatch with nine real-word projects compiled with different compilation settings, on variant architectures, and with commonly-used obfuscation methods, totally performing over 100 million pairs of function comparison. The experimental results show that BinMatch is resilient to t

关键词： Computer science   Genomics   Technology  

摘要： Is a trend of auctioning non-fungible tokens based on scientific data a fascinating art fad, an environmental disaster or the future of monetized genomics?

关键词： Data models   Analytical models   Machine learning   Decision trees   Machine learning algorithms   Knowledge discovery   Computer science   Missing data imputation   cost-sensitive learning   decision tree   classification   imputation order   C4   5 algorithm   imputation cost  

摘要： Different from previous imputation methods which impute missing values in the incomplete samples by using the information in the complete samples, this paper proposes a Date-drive Incremental imputation Model, DIM for short, which uses all available information in the data set to impute missing values economically, effectively, orderly, and iteratively. To this end, we propose a scoring rule to rank the missing features by taking into account both the economical criterion and the effective imputation information. The economical criterion takes both the imputation cost and the discriminative ability of the feature into account, while the effective imputation information enables to use all observed information in the data set including the imputed missing values to impute the left missing values. During the imputation process, our DIM first detects the neednot-impute samples for reducing the imputation cost and noise, and then selects the missing features with the top rank to impute first. The imputation process orderly imputes the missing features until all missing values are imputed or the imputation cost is exhausted. Experimental results on UCI data sets demonstrated the advantages of our proposed DIM, compared to the comparison methods, in terms of prediction accuracy and classification accuracy.

关键词： “男巧巧”   黑剪花   剪纸   民俗   活态传承  

摘要： 在中原文化中,黑色普遍象征严肃、悲哀或不吉利,尤其在节庆婚嫁等欢庆场合,黑色往往成为需要慎重使用的色彩。然而,河南省三门峡南沟村的剪纸却独尚黑色,无论大喜的婚事还是张灯结彩的春节,南沟村的村民都用黑剪花来装点生活。黑剪花作为个案,不仅展现了黑色剪纸的独特艺术形态,还反映了南沟村黑剪花以男人为传承主体的风俗文化和当代传承的活态性。

关键词： Time series analysis   Time measurement   Data mining   Computer science   Interpolation   Approximation algorithms   Measurement uncertainty   Time series   motif discovery   missing data  

摘要： The discovery of time series motifs has emerged as one of the most useful primitives in time series data mining. Researchers have shown its utility for exploratory data mining, summarization, visualization, segmentation, classification, clustering, and rule discovery. Although there has been more than a decade of extensive research, there is still no technique to allow the discovery of time series motifs in the presence of missing data, despite the well-documented ubiquity of missing data in scientific, industrial, and medical datasets. In this work, we introduce a technique for motif discovery in the presence of missing data. We formally prove that our method is admissible, producing no false negatives. We also show that our method can "piggy-back" off the fastest known motif discovery method with a small constant factor time/space overhead. We will demonstrate our approach on diverse datasets with varying amounts of missing data.

关键词： 新工科   OBE   大数据方向   产教融合   培养体系   应用型人才  

摘要： 新工科建设和创新创业教育是近年来教育部积极倡导的高校人才培养中的重点工作。积极响应国家号召,将传统计算机科学与技术专业面向大数据方向改造升级,从人才培养方案、师资队伍建设、教学研究与改革、产教融合校企合作、实践教学和创新创业、能力考核评价机制六大方面,探索新工科视域下计算机科学与技术专业大数据方向培养体系,为应用转型中兄弟院校的计算机类专业大数据方向的人才培养改革与发展提供可借鉴的思路。

关键词： 防控常态化   全程化   大学生就业指导  

摘要： 高校肩负着培育时代新人的重要历史使命,其价值目标从重视学生主体地位转向满足学生成长发展需求。该文以北京理工大学珠海学院为例,分析疫情防控常态化形势下大学生职业生涯规划意识现状,构建全程化大学生就业指导实践路径。主要方式有树立以提高就业质量和就业服务精准度为导向的就业指导理念,全过程开展就业指导、全方位开拓就业市场、全力改善就业服务,采取“全面梳理—全员动员—分类帮扶—个性服务”的就业指导实践路径,联动社会、企业、高校,增强大学生的职业规划意识,提升他们的就业综合能力、个人获得感,从而培养能够承担民族复兴大任的时代新人,增强高校人才培养的实效性,为高校的“三全育人”提供新思路。

关键词： Motion pictures   Collaboration   Task analysis   Toy manufacturing industry   Mixture models   Approximation methods   Computer science   Collaborative filtering   matrix approximation  

摘要： Matrix approximation (MA) methods are integral parts of today's recommender systems. In standard MA methods, only one feature vector is learned for each user/item, which may not be accurate enough to characterize the diverse interests of users/items. For instance, users could have different opinions on a given item, so that they may need different feature vectors for the item to represent their unique interests. To this end, this article proposes a mixture matrix approximation (MMA) method, in which we assume that the user-item ratings follow mixture distributions and the user/item feature vectors vary among different stars to better characterize the diverse interests of users/items. Furthermore, we show that the proposed method can tackle both rating prediction and the top-N recommendation problems. Empirical studies on MovieLens, Netflix and Amazon datasets demonstrate that the proposed method can outperform state-of-the-art MA-based collaborative filtering methods in both rating prediction and top-N recommendation tasks.