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关键词： 计算机科学与技术   信息安全   大数据  

摘要： 随着人类社会的不断进步,计算机科学与技术的现代化应用与发展已经成为大势所趋,如今计算机科技所带来的便捷服务渗透到人类生活中的每个角落。但是,在为人类提供便利的同时,计算机也涌现出了一些不容忽视的应用问题。基于此,本文主要围绕计算机科学与技术应用概况、应用现状、应用措施和应用创新这4个方面,并结合相关应用实例,对计算机科技的现代化应用展开了全面的研讨,以为相关人员提供借鉴。

关键词： 人工智能(AI)   计算机专业   能力培养   教学改革  

摘要： 人工智能(AI)是以计算机技术为支撑的。随着我国即将跨入AI时代,肩负培养计算机高级专业人才的高校计算机老师,如何为国家培养符合AI时代发展要求的计算机专业本科生,是一个值得深思的重要问题。文章针对这一问题,就目前我国非重点高等院校计算机本科专业教学中存在的一些问题,从培养思路、教学方法、教学内容、师资队伍建设等方面入手,探讨顺应AI时代要求的计算机本科专业教学的改革,以达到提高教学质量、培养计算机专业本科生具有较强综合实践能力的目的。

关键词： 黑釉瓷盏   宋代   茶文化   斗茶  

摘要： 在宋代茶文化达到了鼎盛时期,尤其是在斗茶文化盛行下,黑釉瓷盏受到了更多的推崇,宋徽宗曾说:“盏以青绿为贵,兔毫为上”,这也使得在宋代时期点茶、品茶、斗茶以黑釉瓷盏为尊,在宋代茶文化中黑釉瓷盏具有极强的标志性,对后世的茶文化有着深远的影响。

关键词： Standards   Hardware   Floating-point arithmetic   Computer science   Lips   Error analysis   Transforms   Floating-point arithmetic   numerical reproducibility   rounding error analysis   error-free transforms   rounding mode   formal proof  

摘要： The 2019 version of the IEEE 754 Standard for Floating-Point Arithmetic recommends that new "augmented" operations should be provided for the binary formats. These operations use a new "rounding direction": round-to-nearest ties-to-zero. We show how they can be implemented using the currently available operations, using round-to-nearest ties-to-even with a partial formal proof of correctness.

关键词： Training   Data models   Collaborative work   Mathematical model   Servers   Optimization   Computer science   Client selection   contextual combinatorial multi-arm bandit   fairness scheduling   federated learning   lyapunov optimization  

摘要： The issue of potential privacy leakage during centralized AI's model training has drawn intensive concern from the public. A Parallel and Distributed Computing (or PDC) scheme, termed Federated Learning (FL), has emerged as a new paradigm to cope with the privacy issue by allowing clients to perform model training locally, without the necessity to upload their personal sensitive data. In FL, the number of clients could be sufficiently large, but the bandwidth available for model distribution and re-upload is quite limited, making it sensible to only involve part of the volunteers to participate in the training process. The client selection policy is critical to an FL process in terms of training efficiency, the final model's quality as well as fairness. In this article, we will model the fairness guaranteed client selection as a Lyapunov optimization problem and then a C(2)MAB-based method is proposed for estimation of the model exchange time between each client and the server, based on which we design a fairness guaranteed algorithm termed RBCS-F for problem-solving. The regret of RBCS-F is strictly bounded by a finite constant, justifying its theoretical feasibility. Barring the theoretical results, more empirical data can be derived from our real training experiments on public datasets.

关键词： Depression   Remission   Inflammation   Life stressors   Antidepressant  

摘要： Inflammation is an important contributor in the pathophysiology of depression and recent evidence suggests that systemic inflammation and life stressors have interactive roles in depression onset. The aim of the present study was to investigate the individual and interactive effects of systemic inflammation and life stressors with shortand long-term treatment responses in outpatients with depressive disorders in a naturalistic one-year prospective design. Serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels were measured and number of stressful life events (SLEs) during the last 3 months were ascertained from 1094 patients at baseline. These patients received initial antidepressant monotherapy, then, for patients with an insufficient response or uncomfortable side effects, next treatment with alternative strategies were administered at every 3 weeks in the acute treatment phase (3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks) and at every 3 months in the continuation treatment phase (6, 9, and 12 months). 12-week and 12month remission was estimated, defined as a Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score of <= 7. In multivariable logistic regression analyses, individual effects were found only between higher baseline serum hsCRP levels (>1.0 vs. < 1.0 mg/L) and 12-week non-remission. Significant interactive effects between higher hsCRP levels and higher number of SLEs (>2 vs. < 2) on both 12-week and 12-month non-remission were observed. Combining serum hsCRP levels and number of SLEs might therefore be a useful predictor for short- and longterm treatment responses in patients with depressive disorders receiving pharmacotherapy.

关键词： Object detection   Hyperspectral imaging   Signal to noise ratio   Computer science   Interference   Band prioritization (BP)   band selection (BS)   hyperspectral image (HSI)   target detection   target-constrained interference-minimum filter (TCIMF)   virtual dimensionality (VD)  

摘要： Wealthy spectral information provided by hyperspectral image (HSI) offers great benefits for many applications in hyperspectral data exploitation. However, processing such high-dimensional data volumes that may result in redundant bands due to its high interband correlation will be a challenge. For target detection and classification, this is particularly true since there may only need a relatively small number of bands that respond one particular target of interest well, while most of other bands do not. Band selection (BS) is a major dimensionality reduction technique to remove the redundant bands and selects a few bands to represent the entire image. However, how to eliminate the effect of uninteresting targets with similar spectra on detection of interesting targets is a severe issue arising in target detection for BS. This article develops a new approach called target-constrained interference-minimized BS (TCIMBS) which can be used to select band subset for specific target detection, while annihilating targets of no interest and suppressing interferers and background. Its idea is derived from target-constrained interference-minimized filter (TCIMF). By taking advantage of TCIMF, two band prioritization (BP) criteria called forward minimum variance BP (FMinV-BP) and backward maximum variance BP (BMaxV-BP) along with their three band search-based BS counterparts called sequential forward TCIMBS (SF-TCIMBS), sequential backward TCIMBS (SB-TCIMBS), and improved SB-TCIMBS (SB-TCIMBSx002A;) are derived. The experimental results suggest that TCIMBS can improve the detection accuracy and also achieve better performance in comparison with several state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： Computer Science   general   Software Engineering/Programming and Operating Systems   Operating Systems   Software Engineering   Artificial Intelligence  

摘要： This paper describes the interaction between the Internet of Things (IoT) device and the IoT infrastructure in its two different implementations: Amazon Web Services and Microsoft Azure. Both implementations support MQTT-based communication with IoT devices;however, the details of protocol implementation and the interfaces provided to the IoT device are somewhat different. The development of the IoT device firmware that enables communication with both infrastructures and allows the device to be portable between them needs to take these differences into consideration.