教学课程资源库 更多>>

关键词： 计算机科学   网络教学   教学能力   教学观念  

摘要： 阐述在网络教学环境下，传统职业教育的教学理念和教学方法已经无法适应人才培养的需求，尤其是对于计算机学科而言，促进计算机学科的教学改革既符合教学信息化的改革需求，又适应职业教育现代化发展的趋势。探讨教师作为教学工作主要的实施者，提升网络环境下的教学能力是促进教学改革的关键因素，不仅能够利用先进的技术手段提升教学效率，还有利于促进学生知识素养、能力素养和创新能力的培养。

关键词： Elementary school  

摘要： The purpose of this study was to explore how elementary school teachers think about equity in relation to their goals in their computer science instruction, and to explore the strategies they articulated to make their practice more equitable. States are mandating computer science standards and instruction and requiring schools to teach the content (2020 State of CS). Parents want students to be taught the content, and students in affluent and predominantly white communities have greater access to computer science opportunities than their low-SES and minority counterparts (Margolis, 2020). In addition, teachers are not formally trained or prepared to teach computer science (2020 State of CS). This study adds to the limited body of research that focuses on computer science instruction at the elementary school level. The current study used documents and interviews of 20 respondents. These respondents self-identified as elementary school teachers that teach computer science in some capacity. This sample of 20 teachers included teachers across the United States, as they self-selected to participate in the study through snowball sampling. The focus of this study was to explore computer science education at the elementary school level. The study explored the two questions: 1. How do elementary CS teachers think about equity in relation to their goals for their computer science instruction? 2. What strategies do elementary computer science teachers articulate to make their practice equitable? This study found that elementary computer science teachers think about equity in two ways: opportunity and differentiation, and listed their goals as: providing access to opportunity, promoting positive identification with computer science, empowering students to use computer science for social change, as well as increasing academic achievement, and provided strategies for making their practices more equitable. This study added to the growing body of research on the topic of elementary

关键词： Computer science   Quantum physics   Artificial intelligence  

关键词： Computer science   Fluid mechanics   Hydraulic engineering   Mathematics   Mechanics   Physics   Sedimentary Geology  

摘要： Land loss restoration along the southeast Louisiana coast relies on the replenishment of sand from the sediment of the Mississippi River. To further the understanding of sediment transport and hydraulic characteristics of the lowermost segment of the river, the Louisiana Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority (CPRA) funded construction of the Lower Mississippi River Physical Model (LMRPM). This distorted-scale, movable bed model encompasses the lowermost 193-mile reach of the river, including the Bonnet Carre Spillway and planned river sediment diversions. Designed to replicate the prototypical river hydraulics and bulk bedload (sand) transport, scaled historic river discharges are routed through the model. Lightweight synthetic particles representing the very fine to fine grain sand sediments of the lower river are injected based on the results of a numerical sediment transport simulation from Tarbert Landing to the Gulf of Mexico. The depths and opaqueness of the model make it challenging to nondestructively measure real-time sediment transport. The objective of the research is employ nondestructive methods to measure reach-by-reach sediment levels that can be used to predict the scour and deposition of the bed load sediments. Having a method to locate and quantity sediment accumulations would benefit both navigational and coastal restoration stakeholders. During a LMRPM test of 1995 through 1999 discharges, ultrasonic sensors measured the sediment bed levels along a 17-mile reach of the model. Measured year-to-year bed elevation changes were translated into volumetric changes and compared to computed bed volume changes using boundary shear stress results from 1-D, unsteady flow numerical simulations. The measured-toobserved data, plotted in a scatter graph, align closely to 1:1 regression line of observed-toobserved values validating the process. This approach was also shown to successfully predict deposition patterns in one of the prototype lowermost river

关键词： 科教融合   计算机组成原理   教学改革  

摘要： 科教融合旨在增强学生的科研意识和科研素养，使学生在基础知识的学习中逐步养成科研思维，培养学生发现问题、创造性解决问题的能力。计算机组成原理是计算机科学与技术专业必修的专业核心课程，课程内容丰富，基础性强，同时理论密切联系实际，具有较好的科教融合优势。基于计算机专业人才创新能力与系统能力的培养要求及当前科教融合的背景，分析了计算机组成原理课程的特点及科教融合的目标，介绍了科教融合实施措施并给出了相关案例，最后指出课程科教融合持续改进的方向。

关键词： Software quality   Software engineering   Computer science   Engineering  

摘要： Software Engineering (SE) researchers and practitioners struggle to learn effective quality assurance practices from project data. A repeated result is that data is processed poorly. As a result, developers make contradictory conclusions about what most effects (e.g.) defects to development time. Also, researchers keep relying on decades-old truisms about software development, even when data does not support those truisms. This thesis (a) documents those contradictions, (b) explains their cause and, using that explanation, (c) shows how to improve and simplify software analytics. In PART1, this thesis documents many contradictions. The first study explores developer beliefs and compares stated developer beliefs with the empirical evidence from 37 Open Source projects. Only two of ten beliefs had strong support across all the projects. Worse yet, most widely-held beliefs studied are only sporadically supported in the data; i.e., large effects can appear in project data and then disappear in subsequent releases. In the second study, researcher beliefs are explored, and decades-old truisms about software development against industry data collected from 1,356 developers from 1995 to 2006 are checked. That analysis showed support for only one of the five beliefs titled “quality entails productivity”, but not for others. In PART2, the disconnect between beliefs and data is elucidated. Here, a third study explores the temporal pattern of data within a project. This work finds a previously unreported effect: (a) much of the quality-relevant experience in a project happens very early in its life cycle; (b) yet developers and researchers persist in reasoning across the entire life cycle (even when the relevant experience is scarce). Hence it is hardly surprising that developers and researchers make the wrong conclusions (since they are reasoning about only a small fraction of the relevant data). Also, in part two, this thesis reports that the quality model learned very early

关键词： Mobile applications   Data collection   Monitoring   Data analysis   Computer science   Tutorials   Stakeholders   Smartphone device   mobile app   app usage   behavior analysis   data mining  

摘要： As smartphones have become indispensable personal devices, the number of smartphone users has increased dramatically over the last decade. These personal devices, which are supported by a variety of smartphone apps, allow people to access Internet services in a convenient and ubiquitous manner. App developers and service providers can collect fine-grained app usage traces, revealing connections between users, apps, and smartphones. We present a comprehensive review of the most recent research on smartphone app usage analysis in this survey. Our survey summarizes advanced technologies and key patterns in smartphone app usage behaviors, all of which have significant implications for all relevant stakeholders, including academia and industry. We begin by describing four data collection methods: surveys, monitoring apps, network operators, and app stores, as well as nine publicly available app usage datasets. We then systematically summarize the related studies of app usage analysis in three domains: app domain, user domain, and smartphone domain. We make a detailed taxonomy of the problem studied, the datasets used, the methods used, and the significant results obtained in each domain. Finally, we discuss future directions in this exciting field by highlighting research challenges.

关键词： Unified modeling language   Software design   Object oriented modeling   Software   Syntactics   Object recognition   Codes   Computer science   computer science education   object oriented modeling   software design   software engineering   systems engineering education  

摘要： Software modeling is a creative activity in which software components and their relationships are identified based on customer requirements. Based on the literature, object-oriented software modeling is based on four fundamental pillars which are abstraction, encapsulation, decomposition, and inheritance. However, despite the existence of guidelines and recommendations for implementing the object-oriented approach, novice software designers do not make good design decisions, leading to inefficient designs that cannot be modifiable, understandable, or user-friendly distribute at the development level. The literature reveals that the most common difficulties faced by software designers is a lack of understanding and confusion of concepts related to the object-oriented approach, as well as difficulties in creating Unified Modeling Language diagrams, especially class diagrams. The work presented in this article uses a qualitative and quantitative approach to determine, in a group of university students, what are the most recurrent difficulties and their persistence during the time. The qualitative case study is the method that allowed to generate the documents: diagnostic and evaluation tests. Additionally, a thematic analysis was used to identify, analyze and report patterns within the data. In order to know the occurrences of the problems in the case study, as part of our quantitative approach, a comparative study was applied to compare the results obtained between the diagnostic and evaluation tests and thus establish the similarities and differences among the cases observed, through the hierarchical clustering technique. The findings of this study show us 16 difficulties identified after the qualitative analysis, while the quantitative analysis shows us the number of occurrences and their persistence over time. The difficulties reported in both analyzes focus on these three difficulties: a) Definition of attributes that could be a class, b) Classes with inadequate o

关键词： Automated construction   Machine Learning   Construction   Safety   Near-Miss Reporting   Neural Networks   n-grams  

摘要： Limited academic attention has been paid to the applicability of Machine Learning (ML) approaches for analyzing worker-reported near-miss safety reports, as opposed to injury reports, at construction sites. Although resource-efficient analysis through ML of large volumes of such data at construction sites can help guide practitioners in decision-making to prevent injuries. The current study addresses this research gap by evaluating the relevance of ML approaches through quantitative and qualitative methods for scaling efficient near-miss reporting programs at construction sites. The study uses an extensive experimentation strategy consisting of input data processing, n-gram modeling, and sensitivity analysis. It first tests the proposition that, despite the data -quality challenges, the high performance of different ML algorithms can be achieved in automatically classifying the textual near-miss observations. The study relies on worker-reported near-miss data collected from a real construction site in Kuwait. The classification performance of various ML approaches is evaluated using F1 scores for three academically novel but commonly used category labels at the sites -"Unsafe Act (UA)," "Unsafe Condition (UC)," and "Good Observation (GO)." In addition, the practitioner's input was utilized to assess the practical applicability of ML classifiers for construction sites. The conventional Logistic Regression (LR) classifiers have a comparatively high F1 score of 0.79. However, ML classifiers faced challenges in distinguishing between UA and UC. Further, the analysis reveals that optimal ML classifiers may lose on being acceptable to human decision-makers. Overall, despite the promising performance of ML tools for the near-miss data, the sites with low maturity of reporting systems may find themselves unable to leverage ML to scale their reporting systems. A simplified experimentation strategy like the current study could help practitioners identify the data-specific opt

关键词： Ontologies   Computer science   Metadata   Measurement   Industries   Licenses   Collaboration   Scholarly data   knowledge graph   conference analytics   bibliographic data   scholarly ontologies   science of science  

摘要： Scientific conferences are essential for developing active research communities, promoting the cross-pollination of ideas and technologies, bridging between academia and industry, and disseminating new findings. Analyzing and monitoring scientific conferences is thus crucial for all users who need to take informed decisions in this space. However, scholarly search engines and bibliometric applications only provide a limited set of analytics for assessing research conferences, preventing us from performing a comprehensive analysis of these events. In this paper, we introduce the AIDA Dashboard, a novel web application, developed in collaboration with Springer Nature, for analyzing and comparing scientific conferences. This tool introduces three major new features: 1) it enables users to easily compare conferences within specific fields (e.g., Digital Libraries) and time-frames (e.g., the last five years);2) it characterises conferences according to a 14K research topics from the Computer Science Ontology (CSO);and 3) it provides several functionalities for assessing the involvement of commercial organizations, including the ability to characterize industrial contributions according to 66 industrial sectors (e.g., automotive, financial, energy, electronics) from the Industrial Sectors Ontology (INDUSO). We evaluated the AIDA Dashboard by performing both a quantitative evaluation and a user study, obtaining excellent results in terms of quality of the analytics and usability.