教学课程资源库 更多>>

关键词： Materials science and engineering education   Sustainable development   Computer aid programs   Undergraduate study  

摘要： The dilemma of sustaining civilization's continued growth while improving the quality of life becomes increasingly pressing as the population rises and its demands and aspirations expand. Engineers are needed worldwide to find ways to put knowledge into practice in order to solve the problem of sustainability. Even if their curriculum is already overburdened, it is critical to introduce sustainability themes into material science lectures. This paper focuses on how easy it is to teach materials sustainability in material science classrooms using the sustainability component of SolidWorks, a computer-aided design program. The study presents the software capabilities and the settings that have to be done for sustainability analysis and the results shown by the software. Graphic Abstract

关键词： Computer Science   general   Computer Hardware   Computer Systems Organization and Communication Networks   Software Engineering/Programming and Operating Systems   Data Structures and Information Theory  

摘要： Zusammenfassung Nicht erst seit der anstehenden EU-Gesetzgebung zur Regulation von Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) spielt die Berücksichtigung und Verwirklichung von Normen und Werten in technischen Systemen eine wesentliche Rolle. In diesem Aufsatz zeigen wir, dass, warum und wie agile Entwicklungsmethoden wie Scrum hervorragend geeignet sind, Werte in die Softwareentwicklung und in Softwareprodukte einzubetten; wie ein Entwickler so seine individuelle Verantwortung wahrnehmen kann; und wie die Diskussion um Ethik in der KI, auf Software allgemein erweitert, letztlich einen nächsten Schritt auf dem europäischen Weg zur digitalen Souveränität bedeuten kann.

关键词： Oscillators   Computer science   Solid state circuits   Resonant frequency   Microelectronics   Electrical engineering  

摘要： In the above article [1] , in (19) , a factor of 2 is missing. Equations (6) , (8) , and (19) – (27) are impacted by this error. The corrected text from the line above (19) in the Appendix of [1] is as follows:

关键词： Computer Science   general   Computer Hardware   Computer Systems Organization and Communication Networks   Software Engineering/Programming and Operating Systems   Data Structures and Information Theory  

摘要： Zusammenfassung In diesem Artikel diskutiere ich Interoperabilität von berechenbaren Systemen mithilfe des mathematischen Konzepts der Komposition. Die zentrale Vorstellung ist, dass Systeme durch Interaktion komponieren und diese Komposition mathematisch als Operator, also als Funktion auf Systemen beschreibbar ist. Daraus ergibt sich der Begriff des Interface eines Systems, als Zusammenfassung aller seiner auf die Komposition bezogenen Angaben, auf natürliche Art und Weise ebenso wie der Begriff der Komponente als eines Systems, das für eine bestimmte Komposition konstruiert *** unterscheide zwei grundsätzlich verschiedene Kompositionen von Systemen. Zunächst die hierarchische Komposition, die Systeme als Ganzes erfasst und zur Bildung von Supersystemen führt. Sie basiert auf den Kompositionsregeln berechenbarer Funktionen und führt zu den Interfaces der Operationen (+Events) sowie zu Komponentenhierarchien. Demgegenüber steht eine zweite Form der Komposition, die Systeme nur partiell im Sinne einer Projektion erfasst und zu vergleichsweise loser Kopplung durch Protokolle führt, mit dem Interface der Protokoll-Rolle. Damit sind Interfaces, die Operationen repräsentieren, per Definitionem nur für hierarchische Kompositionen geeignet und keine wesentliche Hilfe in der Darstellung netzwerkartiger „horizontaler“ *** die Anwendbarkeit des Kompositionskonzepts zu demonstrieren, werden verschiedene System‑, Interface- und Komponentenmodelle aus der Literatur diskutiert, u. a. das Komponentenmodell verteilter Objekte, sowie die Interfacekonzepte von SOA und REST.

关键词： Computer Science   general   Computer Hardware   Computer Systems Organization and Communication Networks   Software Engineering/Programming and Operating Systems   Data Structures and Information Theory  

摘要： Zusammenfassung In der Nationalen Forschungsdateninfrastruktur (NFDI) werden wertvolle Forschungsdaten für das gesamte deutsche Wissenschaftssystem systematisch erschlossen, vernetzt und nachhaltig nutzbar gemacht. Bislang sind diese meist dezentral, projektbezogen oder nur zeitlich begrenzt verfügbar. Mit der NFDI soll ein digitaler Wissensspeicher unter Berücksichtigung der FAIR-Prinzipien (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) geschaffen werden. Bereits vorhandene Daten können zur Bearbeitung weiterer Forschungsfragen genutzt werden und neue Erkenntnisse und Innovationen ermö*** zu 30 NFDI-Konsortien, Zusammenschlüsse verschiedener Einrichtungen innerhalb eines Forschungsfeldes, arbeiten zusammen interdisziplinär an der Zielumsetzung. Um die Aktivitäten zum Aufbau einer Nationalen Forschungsdateninfrastruktur zu koordinieren, wurde der gemeinnützige Verein Nationale Forschungsdateninfrastruktur (NFDI) e.V. mit Sitz in Karlsruhe im Oktober 2020 gegründet. Gemeinsam gestalten Verein und NFDI-Konsortien die Zukunft des Forschungsdatenmanagements in Deutschland. Darüber hinaus soll NFDI auch am Aufbau internationaler Initiativen, beispielsweise der European Open Science Cloud (EOSC), mitwirken.

关键词： accountability   assessment   diversity   program evaluation  

摘要： Background In the field of engineering education, assessment and evaluation have been given insufficient attention as they relate to broadening participation. We posit that this lack of attention negatively impacts our ability to develop and implement sustainable solutions at scale. Purpose The purpose of this article is to explore the presence of an assessment cycle in the literature related to broadening participation in engineering. The assessment cycle refers to the process by which assessment/evaluation is planned, enacted, and used to improve educational processes. Scope/Method The scope of this study was influenced by it being situated in a larger study focused on broadening participation of Black Americans in engineering and computer science. We completed a literature map that illuminated a subset of literature broadly related to assessment/evaluation, and subsequently conducted a systematic literature review of 33 publications reporting on assessment/evaluation efforts. Our analysis of these efforts was grounded in a six-stage assessment cycle. Results The results of this study highlight common publishing practices related to the assessment cycle in the context of broadening participation. We find that assessment/evaluation is generally published at the program level, focused on student development or academic success as a proxy for program effectiveness, and concentrated on positive claims. Conclusion There is room to significantly improve how assessment/evaluation information is published. By highlighting productive and unproductive publishing practices related to assessment/evaluation, this research has important implications for the use and publishing of assessment/evaluation, particularly as it relates to broadening participation in engineering.

关键词： Execution   Identity   Newspaper   Person reference   Categorization   Capital punishment  

摘要： Integrating a social psychological perspective into Van Leeuwen's framework of social actor representation (2008), this study investigates the ways in which various forms of person reference are selected to position executioners, executed persons, and victims in execution reports. Based on a corpus of major broadsheets in Thailand, the analysis reveals extreme and, oftentimes disturbing, labels that assign polarized identities to each group. Exclusion and impersonal nominations mystify the executioners. Oppositional functional and identification labels disparage the executed individuals by exaggerating impression of legal violation and brutality, while idealizing the victims by emphasizing innocence, vulnerability and helplessness. It is argued that the patterns therein, motivated by the retentionist ideology, are socially divisive: they work to facilitate the public's moral disengagement from feeling complicit in the execution and constitute key to normalizing the violence of state killing from that inflicted by the condemned. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

摘要： With #saytheirnames, the 2020 Black Lives Matters movement implores the national public to etch the names of George Floyd, Ahmaud Arbery, and Breonna Taylor into their consciousness. The fight for racial justice is a fight for attention in American popular culture. Activists push for recognition of the right to Black life, celebrities attempt to shine their spotlights on justice initiatives, and public figures debate solutions to systemic racism. The immediacy of today’s racial violence discourse parallels that of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era.

关键词： Optimization   Upper bound   Computer science   Indexes   Cybernetics   Evolutionary computation   Crossover   MOEA/D   multiobjective optimization problem (MOP)   running time analysis  

摘要： Decomposition-based multiobjective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs) are a class of popular methods for solving the multiobjective optimization problems (MOPs), and have been widely studied in numerical experiments and successfully applied in practice. However, we know little about these algorithms from the theoretical aspect. In this paper, we present running time analysis of a simple MOEA with mutation and crossover based on the MOEA/D framework (MOEA/D-C) on five pseudo-Boolean functions. Our rigorous theoretical analysis shows that by properly setting the number of subproblems, the upper bounds of expected running time of MOEA/D-C obtaining a set of solutions to cover the Pareto fronts (PFs) of these problems are apparently lower than those of the one with mutation-only (MOEA/D-M). Moreover, to effectively obtain a set of solutions to cover the PFs of these problem, MOEA/D-C only needs to decompose these MOPs into several subproblems with a set of simple weight vectors while MOEA/D-M needs to find Omega(n) optimally decomposed weight vectors. This result suggests that the use of crossover in decomposition-based MOEA can simplify the setting of weight vectors for different problems and make the algorithm more efficient. This paper provides some insights into the working principles of MOEA/D and explains why some existing decomposition-based MOEAs work well in computational experiments.

关键词： Computer science education   Computational thinking   Problem-based learning   Elementary CS education   Block-based programming  

摘要： This study investigated how a computer science (CS) problem-based curriculum impacted elementary students' CS learning and attitudes. Four sixth-grade teachers and 200 of their students participated in the study. Researchers developed a CS curriculum in collaboration with the teachers, which consisted of two main units: (1) an introduction to block-based coding and (2) a problem-based learning (PBL) applied coding project. Overall, students significantly improved their knowledge of CT concepts after the introductory block-based coding lessons and retained that knowledge after completing the PBL activities approximately three months later. Results suggest that Event and Parallelism were challenging concepts for most of the students, whereas Loop and Sequence were easily grasped by most of the students. Further analysis based on prior knowledge levels revealed that the high-prior knowledge (HK) group outperformed the low-prior knowledge (LK) group on every measure. However, LK narrowed the gap of CT concepts after the introductory block-based coding lessons. Students also communicated relatively positive attitudes towards CS at the conclusion of the PBL unit. These results provide support for further exploring the integration of inquiry-oriented instructional strategies such as PBL to support CS instruction.