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关键词： Computer science   Engineering   Environmental science  

摘要： In an emerging trajectory-based operation (TBO) environment within the advanced autonomous airspace, traffic operation along reference trajectories can function as trajectory-following mechanisms. However, 5G-based following dynamics still remain underexplored, limiting further utilization of lower-latency 5G technology other than data links. This limitation affects air traffic stability when encountering disturbance, preventing autonomous airspeed adjustment, and safe separation without air traffic controller interventions. Thus, this paper addresses these gaps by proposing a generalized 5G-based trajectory-following model to explore microscopic behaviors and traffic stability in a typically connected environment. Three key variables are identified based on the classical optimal velocity model: bi-directional attention distribution, airto-air communication performance, and communication latency. Finally, the stability criterion is derived by the adopted perturbation method. Typical numerical simulations have verified the air traffic stability under various connectivity degrees. These findings can precisely identify the optimal connectivity, rational attention distribution, and their balance for enhancing stability.

关键词： Highlights   scenarios   Computer science   Artificial intelligence  

摘要： With the increasing popularity of location-based services (LBSs), safeguarding location privacy has become critically important. Traditional methods often struggle to balance the intensity of privacy protection with service quality. To address this challenge, this research proposes the comprehensive location privacy enhanced model (CLPEM), which enhances personalized privacy protection by integrating dynamic weight allocation at the policy layer, incorporating a user feedback mechanism, and designing tailored privacy strategies for various scenarios. Additionally, the model employs data fusion and optimization techniques to enhance the usability of location data while ensuring effective privacy protection. Our experimental results demonstrate that CLPEM outperforms existing technologies in terms of privacy strength, data availability, and user satisfaction, providing a robust technical framework for location privacy and paving the way for future research and applications.

关键词： Artificial intelligence   Computer science education   Ethics   Teaching and learning  

摘要： Emerging systems using artificial intelligence (AI) including the complexities of deep learning leading to decision-making outcomes pose challenge, risk alongside opportunities to revolutionize business sectors and thus, human life. Building AI that impact on critical decision-making must be entwined with ethical questioning from the initial conception of design. As academics educating future technologists, we must lead on embedding the importance of ethical thinking for equitable designed systems. Currently, it is unclear across UK Higher Education how widely ethics is taught across programmes of study within computer science disciplines, their importance within the curriculum plus the confidence of academics for its delivery. This paper carries out a survey analysis to identify gaps, measures of engagement, expertise and knowledgebase of topics through both quantitative and qualitative questioning. The survey was distributed to 15 member universities of the Council for Professors and Heads of Computing (CPHC) randomly selected across the UK for which 32 academics engaged in the study. Results show ethics was noted as being important although one-third reported it was not widely embedded across the curriculum. Just less than half of participants schedule the teaching of ethics regularly either across one or several modules. Interestingly, 91% of respondents stated that they have not received any instruction or training and that 62% felt that they require more training on the subject matter. This paper is inspired by wider research from European studies however, this study provides a specific novel focus on a broad range of UK universities, providing comparative analysis and unique findings from the UK perspective. The significance of these findings suggest academics perspectives vary with specific training needs. This demonstrates that this early-stage research requires further exploration of the wider computer science curriculum, sharing of good practice and colla

关键词： Computer science   Machine learning   Philosophy  

摘要： Researchers call on technology companies to test their systems for consciousness and create AI welfare policies.

关键词： Arctic   COI   Insect   Overwintering   Pemphigus groenlandicus   Taxonomy  

摘要： Species identification within the aphid genus Pemphigus Hartig, 1839 poses challenges due to morphological similarities and host-plant associations. Aphids of this genus generally exhibit complex life cycles involving primary hosts (poplars) and secondary (mostly unrelated herbaceous) host-plants, with some species relying solely on root-feeding generation. An example is a representative of the genus Pemphigus, trophically associated with grass roots, found in the High Arctic Svalbard archipelago. Historical records tentatively identify it as Pemphigus groenlandicus (R & uuml;bsaamen, 1898), although its formal classification remains elusive, due to limited material of freshly collected samples. Recent collections from 2007 to 2024 across various Svalbard sites, revealed its presence under stones in sheltered microhabitats, providing valuable specimens for comparative studies. Our molecular analyses indicate that the Svalbard specimens are not a separate species commonly identified as P. groenlandicus, nor an anholocyclic generation of Pemphigus bursarius (Linnaeus, 1758) or P. borealis Tullgren, 1909, but represent a secondary generation of Pemphigus populiglobuli Fitch, 1859, the Nearctic poplar bullet gall aphid. This suggests that they may have lost their primary host associations and adapted to living on grass roots year-round. Our specimens did not host any known facultative symbionts;however, we detected a strain of Pseudomonas Migula, 1894, closely related to a cold-tolerant bacterium abundant in polar regions. The present study also investigates the taxonomic relationships and morphometric characteristics of grass-feeding Pemphigus populations across the Arctic and an isolated locations on the European continent. Specimens from Svalbard were compared with samples from Greenland and Iceland, but identified no substantial morphometric differences among these geographically separated populations. Similarly, analyses of samples of Pemphigus groenlandicus crassi

关键词： BPA sensing   Computer Science   Gastric cancer treatment   Gelatin hydrogel nanoparticles   Nursing applications  

摘要： This study presents a dual application approach for the environmentally friendly synthesis of gelatin hydrogel nanoparticles with potential applications in gastric cancer treatment, bisphenol A (BPA) sensing, and nursing. Gelatin hydrogel nanoparticles were synthesized using a green and freeze-drying method, avoiding the use of toxic chemicals and solvents. The nanoparticles showed excellent biocompatibility and promising potential for drug delivery system (DDS) in gastric cancer treatment. The controlled release of anticancer drugs from the gelatin nanoparticles was showed, highlighting their potential in targeted therapy. Additionally, the gelatin hydrogel nanoparticles were explored for BPA sensing. BPA is a widely used chemical known for its adverse effects on human health. The gelatin nanoparticles showed high selectivity and sensitivity towards BPA detection, making them suitable for environmental monitoring and health applications using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Also, in this study, an artificial neural network (ANN) was used to estimate the release of docetaxel (%) at 72 h, the release of paclitaxel (%) at 72 h, tensile strength with sample (wt%), and porosity (%) in broader ranges than the experimental samples. The environmentally friendly synthesis of gelatin hydrogel nanoparticles presented in this study offers a versatile platform with dual applications in gastric cancer treatment and sensing of harmful chemicals. The obtained results show the potential of these nanoparticles for innovative therapeutic and diagnostic strategies in healthcare and environmental monitoring. The study showed the development of sustainable and multifunctional nanomaterials for various biomedical applications. The modeling of the neural network predictions shows that increasing the sample (wt%) and porosity (%) leads to an increase in the release of docetaxel (%) at 72 h, the release of paclitaxel (%) at 72 h, and tensile strength. As porosity decreases, the release

关键词： Computer science   Scientific community   Machine learning  

摘要： How many researchers are using the AI tool?Naturegathers data and talks to members of the academic community.

关键词： Computer science   Machine learning   Mathematics and computing   Technology   Society  

摘要： AI companies want to give machines human-level intelligence. The safest and best results will come when academic and industry scientists oversee it together.

关键词： Technology   Computer science   Machine learning  

摘要： AI developers are rapidly picking the Internet clean to train large language models such as those behind ChatGPT. Here's how they are trying to get around the problem.