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关键词： Computer Science   general   Computer Hardware   Computer Systems Organization and Communication Networks   Software Engineering/Programming and Operating Systems   Data Structures and Information Theory  

摘要： Zusammenfassung Die itestra wurde 2003 von zwei wissenschaftlichen Mitarbeitern der Technischen Universität München der Themengebiete Software Engineering und verteilte Systeme gegründet. Mit innovativen Leistungen für die Renovierung von Software sowie hoch effizienten Software-Engineering Methoden hat sich die itestra GmbH zu einem anerkannten Kompetenzträger und Projekt-Partner für zahlreiche namhafte Unternehmen entwickelt. Die itestra beschäftigt heute an verschiedenen Standorten im In- und Ausland 100 hoch qualifizierte Informatiker:innen.

关键词： Computer Science   general   Software Engineering/Programming and Operating Systems   Operating Systems   Software Engineering   Artificial Intelligence  

摘要： An instruction set architecture (ISA) is a core around which the rest of a CPU is built. Errors or inflexible solutions once embedded in an instruction set remain with a corresponding generation of processors forever. Hence, one of the key reasons why the growth in the performance of modern CPUs slowed down is that the source code of processors "got corrupted" literally and figuratively: processors become more complex, which makes their further development more difficult. In any case, the development of modern computers (CPUs, GPUs, or specialized systems) is an extremely expensive process, which involves a large number of expensive stages. Therefore, the overall cost of CPU development is a key issue. In this paper, we investigate popular instruction set architectures, as well as make some conclusions about the prospects of RISC-V and other open-source architectures. We try to answer the following questions. Why an instruction set architecture is really important? Why RISC-V is better than the other architectures? Which opportunities does RISC-V open for developers around the world and what competitors does it have?

关键词： Computer Science   general   Software Engineering/Programming and Operating Systems   Operating Systems   Software Engineering   Artificial Intelligence  

摘要： Thispaper attempts to develop an application that converts Tamil and Vietnamese speech to text, with a view to encourage usage and indirectly ensure linguistic preservation of a classical language. The application converts spoken Tamil and Vietnamese to text without auto-correction, code-mixing or code-switching. This paper proposed a complete web application, which, when perfected, could be used to act as a teaching tool to encourage correct pronunciation of syllables and words for native and non-native Tamil and Vietnamese speakers. The paper further explores similarities and differences in the two contexts.

关键词： Data mining  

摘要： The main objective of the present study was to develop a data mining model to identify employability patterns of graduates. The model aims to improve job placement rate related to vocational training. This study is in response to concerns about employability of professionals. The KDD (Knowledge Discovery in Databases) methodology was used with defined and simplified stages, algorithms, decision tree techniques, neural networks, and regressions to determine the interaction of graduates in the work environment. The neural network algorithm was adjusted for accuracy, precision, sensitivity, execution time, performance, and data and results interpretation for the generated model. In conclusion, the significant predictor variables were: 1) use of knowledge and skills in the current job, 2) the graduation year and if graduates searched for jobs after graduation, and 3) currently employed (dependent variable). © 2021 Centro de Informacion Tecnologica. All rights reserved.

关键词： Imaging / Radiology   Surgery   Health Informatics   Computer Imaging   Vision   Pattern Recognition and Graphics   Computer Science   general  

摘要： Purpose Navigation in visually complex endoscopic environments requires an accurate and robust localisation system. This paper presents the single image deep learning based camera localisation method for orthopedic surgery. Methods The approach combines image information, deep learning techniques and bone-tracking data to estimate camera poses relative to the bone-markers. We have collected one arthroscopic video sequence for four knee flexion angles, per synthetic phantom knee model and a cadaveric knee-joint. Results Experimental results are shown for both a synthetic knee model and a cadaveric knee-joint with mean localisation errors of 9.66mm/0.85 degrees and 9.94mm/1.13 degrees achieved respectively. We have found no correlation between localisation errors achieved on synthetic and cadaveric images, and hence we predict that arthroscopic image artifacts play a minor role in camera pose estimation compared to constraints introduced by the presented setup. We have discovered that the images acquired for 90 degrees and 0 degrees knee flexion angles are respectively most and least informative for visual localisation. Conclusion The performed study shows deep learning performs well in visually challenging, feature-poor, knee arthroscopy environments, which suggests such techniques can bring further improvements to localisation in Minimally Invasive Surgery.

关键词： Computer Science   general   Software Engineering/Programming and Operating Systems   Operating Systems   Software Engineering   Artificial Intelligence  

摘要： In software development, the management of standardized metrics are not as frequent as it should be, which encourages the immaturity of software engineering. Currently, few companies use standards for the software functional size measurement (i.e. COSMIC);however, an increase in the adoption of this practice is emerging, derived from the need to have greater certainty, both in the estimates and in project management. A problem faced by companies that already use standardized metrics is knowing formally what proportion of improvement can be required of suppliers as they gain more experience as the time of the customer-supplier relationship passes. This article presents a comparison between the models defined by the learning curve theory, in order to determine the learning ratio of a supplier to request improvement of the productivity factor (PDR) with which the supplier has worked in previous cycles through a real case study in the Mexican industry, using the learning curve theory.

关键词： Feature extraction   Image reconstruction   Hyperspectral imaging   Search problems   Three-dimensional displays   Computer science   Band selection (BS)   channel attention   hyperspectral images (HSIs)   position attention  

摘要： Due to the existence of noise and spectral redundancies in hyperspectral images (HSIs), the band selection (BS) is highly required and can be achieved through the attention mechanism. However, existing BS methods fail to consider global interaction between the spectral information and spatial information in a nonlinear fashion. In this letter, we propose an end-to-end unsupervised dual-attention reconstruction network for BS (DARecNet-BS). The proposed network employs a dual-attention mechanism, i.e., position attention module (PAM) and channel attention module (CAM), to recalibrate the feature maps and subsequently uses a 3-D reconstruction network to restore the original HSI. This way, the long-range nonlinear contextual information in spectral and spatial directions is captured, and the informative band subset can be selected. Experiments are conducted on three well-known hyperspectral data sets, i.e., Indian Pines (IP), University of Pavia (UP), and Salinas (SA), to compare existing BS approaches, and the proposed DARecNet-BS can effectively select less redundant bands with comparable or better classification accuracy. The source code will be made publicly available at https://***/ucalyptus/DARecNet-BS.

关键词： Entropy   Control systems   Uncertainty   Dynamical systems   Computer science   Aerospace electronics   Trajectory   Communication channel   data rate constrained feedback   entropy   invariance   networked control systems  

摘要： We introduce a novel notion of invariance feedback entropy to quantify the state information that is required by any controller that enforces a given subset of the state space to be invariant. We establish a number of elementary properties, e.g., we provide conditions that ensure that the invariance feedback entropy is finite and show for the deterministic case that we recover the well-known notion of entropy for deterministic control systems. We prove the data rate theorem, which shows that the invariance entropy is a tight lower bound of the data rate of any coder controller that achieves invariance in the closed loop. We analyze uncertain linear control systems and derive a universal lower bound of the invariance feedback entropy. The lower bound depends on the absolute value of the determinant of the system matrix and a ratio involving the volume of the invariant set and the set of uncertainties. Furthermore, we derive a lower bound of the data rate of any static, memoryless coder controller. Both lower bounds are intimately related and for certain cases it is possible to bound the performance loss due to the restriction to static coder controllers by 1 bit/time unit. We provide various examples throughout the article to illustrate and discuss different definitions and results.

摘要： By the early 1970s, work by Noam Chomsky (Benjamin Franklin Medal, 1999) and his colleagues provided strong evidence for a formal characterization of the syntax of human languages. While most linguists believed that a similar characterization of the semantics of language was possible, there was little consensus about its form. Two conflicting views had emerged;to quote a contemporaneous paper by Partee, "One approach, generative semantics, was founded in part on the conviction that semantic and syntactic rules could not be separated in any principled way.... The other, interpretive semantics, maintains the distinction between syntactic rules as formation rules and semantic rules as interpretive rules, but does not posit any systematic relation between them." In parallel, a third approach, a novel formal account of semantics based on strict compositionality and model theory had emerged in the work of the logician Richard Montague, even though it violated commonsense notions of meaning in key instances and provided only the weakest mechanisms to handle purely syntactic phenomena. In this context, Barbara Partee first interpreted Montague's ideas to the community of linguists, finding a way to get linguists past its considerable mathematical difficulty, and then fused Montague's work with interpretive semantics to propose a specific architecture for the syntax-semantics system that has supported accounts of a remarkably wide range of semantic phenomena. In the past 50 years, Partee's approach has become the dominant account of meaning within linguistics. Partee has also trained two generations of students in this new field of formal semantics, and these students collectively provide major intellectual leadership across this field today. The fundamental ideas of formal semantics as envisioned by Partee, particularly the notion of a compositional, declarative semantics running on the output of a deep syntactic analysis, have also played an important although indirect rol

关键词： Computer Science   general   Software Engineering/Programming and Operating Systems   Operating Systems   Software Engineering   Artificial Intelligence  

摘要： In the development of quality software, critical decisions related to planning, estimating, and managing resources are bound to the correct and timely identification of the system needs. In particular, the process of classifying this customer input into software requirements categories tends to become tedious and error-prone when it comes to large-scale systems. On the ground described by a complementary systematic literature review, this research introduces a proposal on the application of Machine Learning techniques for automated software requirements classification. In this regard, the training and later hyperparameter optimization through Differential Evolution of five classification models are carried out based on quality attributes examples found in the available literature. As a case study, these models are tested with issue reports collected from five open-source projects at GitHub to identify quality-attributes-related knowledge on such user feedback. The finding of the most characteristic terms by quality attribute through the TF-IDF algorithm stands out from the training. The results show a moderately high ability to classify other generic software requirements correctly, achieving a Geometric Mean of up to 82.51%. However, the same classifiers applied to issue reports showed significant difficulties identifying information related to quality attributes, since an F-Score no greater than 50% was reached.