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关键词： Computer science   artificial intelligence   public \u0026 nonprofit management  

ISBN: (数字)9788770227568 ISBN: (纸本)9788770227575

摘要： The concepts of telemedicine and e-healthcare have eased as well as improved the reachability of experienced doctors and medical staff to remote patients. A patient who is living in a remote village area can directly connect to specialist doctors across the globe though his/her mobile phone using telemedicine systems and e-healthcare services. In pandemic situations like COVID-19, these online platforms helped society to get medical treatment from their residence without any physical movement. Technology is transforming human lives by playing an important role in the planning, designing, and development of intelligent systems for better service. This book presents a cross-disciplinary perspective on the concept of machine learning, blockchain and IoT by congregating cutting-edge research and insights. It also identifies and discusses various advanced technologies such as internet of things (IoT), big data analytics, machine learning, artificial intelligence, cyber security, cloud computing, sensors and so on that are vital to foster the development of smart healthcare and telemedicine systems by providing effective solutions to the medical challenges faced by humankind.

关键词： Computer Science   Mathematics & Statistics   MathML  

ISBN: (数字)9788770224062 ISBN: (纸本)9788770224079

摘要： Starting with the historical evolution of computer and communications networks and their security, the book then arrives at the main definitions of cryptography and network security. Next, the basics of information theory, how to measure information, the information associated with a certain source are also discussed. Source codes are presented, along with the concepts of information transmission, joint information, conditional entropy, mutual information and channel capacity. Computer networks are discussed, including the main protocols and network architectures, and the important TCP/IP protocol. Network security, a topic intrinsically connected to computer networks and the Internet, is presented, along with information about basic hacker attacks, alternatives to prevent attacks, data protection and secure protocols. The information theoretical aspects of cryptography are described including the hash function. An appendix includes a review of probability theory. Illustrations and graphics will help the reader understand the theory.

关键词： Computer science   Privacy   Security   Performance evaluation   Research and development  

摘要： Artifact evaluation is an established peer review practice in several fields of computer science research. In the security field it only has been introduced recently. The author highlights several benefits of artifact sharing for and beyond the research community, inspects the specifics of the security field, and derives suggestions to foster artifact sharing in the security field. Embracing artifact sharing will help to strengthen and mature the field. © 2003-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Image color analysis   Computational modeling   Hemorrhaging   Distortion   Image coding   Visualization   Computer science   Color separation   palette-based recoloring  

摘要： Palette-based image recoloring provides a simple yet effective way for color adjustment, which allows users to interactively manipulate the color of an image by editing a compact color palette. While remarkable progress has been made by previous methods, they have the common limitations that may produce unfaithful image recoloring results i.e., the obtained result does not respond faithfully to the palette adjustment, and tend to induce visual artifacts such as color bleeding and distortion. To address these limitations, we in this paper present a novel color separation model for palette-based recoloring. Akin to previous methods, our color separation model is built upon the assumption that color of each pixel in an image can be formulated as a linear combination of a small set of same basis colors. However, different from previous palette-based recoloring methods which typically rely on heuristic rules to build the color separation model, we experimentally reveal the underlying relationship between the color separation and the palette-based recoloring, and summarize three specialized color separation priors that allow more faithful palette-based recoloring. Based on these priors, we devise a blind color separation model that not only does not require known palette as input as done in previous methods, but also enables more effective palette-based recoloring with much less visual artifacts. Experiments on two datasets demonstrate that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art palette-based recoloring methods. In addition, we show some applications enabled by the proposed color separation model, including automatic pattern coloring generation, green screen keying and region-controllable color transfer.

关键词： software testing   software engineering   software engineering education   active teaching methodologies  

摘要： Software testing is regarded as a key activity in the software development cycle, as it helps information technology professionals to design good quality software. Thus, this is an essential activity for the software industry, although with all its nuances high priority is still not being given to learning about it at an academic level. The purpose of this work is to investigate a teaching strategy for software testing which involves acquiring academic skills within a curriculum based on active teaching methodologies. A teaching model was designed for this to coordinate the different areas of a subject, and then a controlled quasi-experiment was carried out in a post-graduate course to evaluate the application of this model. The results obtained demonstrate that there was a considerable learning gain in the experimental group that adopted the teaching approach, when compared with the control group that relied on a traditional approach. The student t test was employed to determine the learning efficiency.

关键词： 惩罚性赔偿   生态环境损害   环境侵权   威慑补充   《民法典》   Punitive damages   Ecological and environmental destruction   Environmental tort   Deterrence supplementation   Civil Code  

摘要： 从《民法典》第1232条规定惩罚性赔偿的目的来看，该条应当适用于生态环境损害赔偿。生态环境损害惩罚性赔偿的功能既包括对生态环境承载的精神和文化价值提供填补性赔偿，也包括对故意违法者给予应得的惩罚以及对严重的污染环境和破坏生态行为进行完全威慑。生态环境损害惩罚性赔偿责任以侵权人的主观故意、行为的违法性以及严重的损害后果作为特殊的成立要件，彰显出侵权行为的应受谴责性，也是施加惩罚性赔偿的依据。基于侵权责任的性质、环境侵权的特殊性、赔偿金额计算的技术性要求以及为确保生态环境损害惩罚性赔偿之完全威慑功能的实现，确定赔偿金额的原则是消除侵权人因此获得的利益，使侵权人得不偿失。生态环境损害惩罚性赔偿责任应当作为一项补充性的威慑机制，从而避免惩罚性赔偿的滥用。在行政处罚或刑罚已经实现威慑要求时，可以选择不适用惩罚性赔偿；在需要适用惩罚性赔偿时，赔偿数额的确定应综合考虑所有公法和私法上的金钱责任。

关键词： Computer science   DNA data storage   Multiplexed   Nanopore   Reporter proteins   Synthetic biology  

摘要： Multiplexed molecular tools are a powerful means of interrogating biomolecular systems. Multiplexed assays offer significant advantages over singleplex assays, including time, reagent costs, sample requirements, and the amount of data that can be generated. In molecular biology, genetically encoded reporter proteins have expanded the toolbox of researchers to track biological phenomena. While they are widely used to measure many biological activities, the current number of uniquely addressable reporters that can be used together for one-pot multiplexed tracking is small due to overlapping detection channels such as fluorescence. Similarly, in DNA data storage, the ability to selectively target data files (i.e “randomly access”) in a multiplexable manner would lessen decoding latency and cost and enable deployment of practical DNA data storage architectures. The primary focus of this dissertation is to develop new multiplexable molecular assays for synthetic biology circuits and DNA data storage random access readout using nanopore sensor arrays. To overcome genetically encoded reporter protein multiplexing limitations, we built an expanded library of orthogonally-barcoded Nanopore-addressable protein Tags Engineered as Reporters (NanoporeTERs), which can be read and demuxed by nanopore sensors at the single-molecule level. Subsequently, to improve upon previous random access architectures, we demonstrate a new random access approach in which files can be selected in multiplex using a CRISPR-Cas9 target address and then decoded using a nanopore sequencer. This work presents a new class of reporter proteins that permit multiplexed, real-time tracking of gene expression along with a new random access DNA data storage strategy that increases one-pot multiplexing and decreased time-to-decoding.

关键词： Algebra   Computer science   Girls   HSLS:09   Mathematics   STEM  

摘要： This correlational, quantitative dissertation in practice explored the influence of the timing of algebra 1, taking advanced math courses, taking AP math courses, math credits earned, math self-efficacy, math identity, and socioeconomic status (SES) on the decision by girls to choose computer science education or career pathway at the post-secondary level. The variables of SES, race/ethnicity, region, locale, and school control were also included as controls in the analyses. Data from the publicly available, nationally representative High School Longitudinal Study of 2009 (HSLS:09) was used to explore the strength and directions of relationships between the predictor variables and the outcome variable. Three research questions were explored through examining the bivariate correlations between variables, and multivariate regression models. The statistical software IBM SPSS v 28.0 was used to filter and analyze the data. The overall findings suggest math self-efficacy and math identity play a key role in girls choosing to participate in computer science. Race/ethnicity is also significant as the data suggests the predictor variables have varying effects by race/ethnicity. Proposed solutions highlight the importance of seeing students as individuals and of educators crafting strategies to increase the participation by girls in computer science (CS) that are respectful and understanding of the influence of race/ethnicity and of the culture of the individual school and community.

关键词： Agriculture   Computer science   Object detection   Indexes   Detectors   Training   Internet   Aerial imagery   crop circles   detection transformers (DETRs)   efficientDet   object detection   precision farming   YOLOv5  

摘要： Ongoing discoveries of water reserves have fostered an increasing adoption of crop circles in the desert in several countries. Automatically quantifying and surveying the layout of crop circles in remote areas can be of great use for stakeholders in managing the expansion of the farming land. This letter compares latest deep learning models for crop circle detection and counting, namely Detection Transformers, EfficientDet and YOLOv5 are evaluated. To this end, we build two datasets, via Google Earth Pro, corresponding to two large crop circle hot spots in Egypt and Saudi Arabia. The images were drawn at an altitude of 20 km above the targets. The models are assessed in within-domain and cross-domain scenarios, and yielded plausible detection potential and inference response.

关键词： Computer science   Female enrollment   Participation   Retention  

摘要： This study investigates factors that influence young women’s decision to major in computer science (CS). While there is a rapid increase of scientific advances being made in the United States and the importance of scientific fields for societal, economic, and personal advancement are expanding, women are still underrepresented among college students pursuing degrees in scientific fields. This is particularly the case in CS. Prior research identifies multiple factors that inhibit or foster women pursing CS. These include cultural stereotypes of computer scientists, sense of belonging, role models, family, peers, school curricula, informal activities, self-efficacy and confidence as a CS learner. However, this literature is largely correlational in nature. It lacks sufficient research using the actual words and explanations from women themselves majoring in CS. In-depth interviews with ten female college students about their undergraduate experiences majoring in computer science at a public 4-year college institution in the South provide the voices of young women in computing. Using a combination of social cognitive career theory (SCCT) and gender schema theory as lenses to analyze their interviews, this research describes the influences that shaped women’s participation in CS. Findings of this study provides insights based on the undergraduate experiences of female students who have declared a CS major. Results may illuminate factors contributing the gender gap in CS undergraduate majors and possible avenues to address it.