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关键词： Software engineering   Pareto optimization   Computer science   Systematics   Indexes   Licenses   Search-based software engineering   multi-objective optimization   Pareto optimization   quality evaluation   quality indicators   preferences  

摘要： With modern requirements, there is an increasing tendency of considering multiple objectives/criteria simultaneously in many Software Engineering (SE) scenarios. Such a multi-objective optimization scenario comes with an important issue - how to evaluate the outcome of optimization algorithms, which typically is a set of incomparable solutions (i.e., being Pareto nondominated to each other). This issue can be challenging for the SE community, particularly for practitioners of Search-Based SE (SBSE). On one hand, multi-objective optimization could still be relatively new to SE/SBSE researchers, who may not be able to identify the right evaluation methods for their problems. On the other hand, simply following the evaluation methods for general multi-objective optimization problems may not be appropriate for specific SBSE problems, especially when the problem nature or decision maker's preferences are explicitly/implicitly known. This has been well echoed in the literature by various inappropriate/inadequate selection and inaccurate/misleading use of evaluation methods. In this paper, we first carry out a systematic and critical review of quality evaluation for multi-objective optimization in SBSE. We survey 717 papers published between 2009 and 2019 from 36 venues in seven repositories, and select 95 prominent studies, through which we identify five important but overlooked issues in the area. We then conduct an in-depth analysis of quality evaluation indicators/methods and general situations in SBSE, which, together with the identified issues, enables us to codify a methodological guidance for selecting and using evaluation methods in different SBSE scenarios.

关键词： 双相情感障碍   情景式交往   双轨道互动   生活质量  

摘要： 目的分析情境式交往式干预联合双轨道互动护理对青年双相情感障碍患者情绪症状及生活质量的影响。方法选取2018年1月至2021年1月江西上饶市第三人民医院收治的80例双相情感障碍患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为实验组(40例)与对照组(40例),对照组给予双轨道互动护理干预,实验组在对照组的基础上联合情境式交往式干预。比较两组患者干预前后抑郁评分、焦虑评分、日常生活能力评分。结果实验组后抑郁及焦虑评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组干预后日常生活能力障碍评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论情境式交往式干预联合双轨道互动护理能够有效减轻双相情感障碍青年患者焦虑及抑郁程度,改善患者心理健康状况,增强患者日常生活能力,进一步改善患者生活质量。

关键词： Estimation   Drugs   Biological system modeling   Inference algorithms   Advertising   Computer science   Treatment effect estimation   variable decomposition   adjustment variables   confounder separation  

摘要： Causal Inference plays an important role in decision making in many fields, such as social marketing, healthcare, and public policy. One fundamental problem in causal inference is the treatment effect estimation in observational studies when variables are confounded. Controlling for confounding effects is generally handled by propensity score. But it treats all observed variables as confounders and ignores the adjustment variables, which have no influence on treatment but are predictive of the outcome. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the adjustment variables are effective in reducing the variance of the estimated treatment effect. However, how to automatically separate the confounders and adjustment variables in observational studies is still an open problem, especially in the scenarios of high dimensional variables, which are common in the big data era. In this paper, we first propose a Data-Driven Variable Decomposition (D2VD) algorithm, which can 1) automatically separate confounders and adjustment variables with a data-driven approach, and 2) simultaneously estimate treatment effect in observational studies with high dimensional variables. Under standard assumptions, we theoretically prove that our D2VD algorithm can unbiased estimate treatment effect and achieve lower variance than traditional propensity score based methods. Moreover, to address the challenges from high-dimensional variables and nonlinear, we extend our D2VD to a non-linear version, namely Nonlinear-D2VD (N-D2VD) algorithm. To validate the effectiveness of our proposed algorithms, we conduct extensive experiments on both synthetic and real-world datasets. The experimental results demonstrate that our D2VD and N-D2VD algorithms can automatically separate the variables precisely, and estimate treatment effect more accurately and with tighter confidence intervals than the state-of-the-art methods. We also demonstrated that the top-ranked features by our algorithm have the best prediction p

关键词： 盐津乌骨鸡   文化传承   品牌  

摘要： 品牌文化一直是农产品进行品牌宣传中常被忽视的因素。1978年以来,随着经济的不断发展,市场逐渐向完全竞争市场转变,消费者选择的空间逐渐扩大。在云南省打造“绿色食品牌”的背景下,盐津乌骨鸡产品的品牌文化与“绿色食品牌”相融合是本文的主要研究目标。本文运用了霍夫施泰德的洋葱皮理论从符号、英雄、礼仪和价值观4个维度出发,将盐津乌骨鸡绿色食品优势与品牌文化相融合,提高产品附加值。但发现该产品文化与生态定位不相容、文化标志模糊不清、绿色文化价值同质化等问题,政府和企业应通过围绕文化IP打造“绿色食品牌”、突出绿色农产品的文化定位、构建绿色文化展示区和对绿色品牌的管理进行文化品牌营销宣传,助推盐津县乌骨鸡产业的发展。

关键词： 计算机技术   物联网   核心技术  

摘要： 现如今我们国家经济、科技水平不断提升,许多新型技术、设备也应运而生。在物联网背景之下,人们的生活发生翻天覆地的变化,计算机科学技术的运用让人们学习、工作、生活更加便利。本文阐述了物联网的概念,分析物联网的三个核心技术,并且提出计算机科学技术对物联网的推动作用,以便进一步提升计算机科学技术水平,促进社会进步与发展。

关键词： Pricing   Computer science   Forward contracts   Finance   Forecasting   Machine learning   Electricity supply industry   Power markets  

摘要： Electricity Price Forecasting (EPF) IS A branch of forecasting at the interface of electrical engineering, statistics, computer science, and finance that focuses on predicting prices in wholesale electricity markets for a whole spectrum of horizons. These range from a few minutes (real-time/intraday auctions and continuous trading);through days (day-ahead [DA] auctions);to weeks, months, or even years (exchange and over-the-counter traded futures and forward contracts). DA markets are the workhorse of power trading, particularly in Europe, and a commonly used proxy for "the electricity price." The vast majority-up to 90%-of the EPF literature has focused on predicting DA prices. These are typically determined around noon during 24 uniform-price auctions, one for each hour of the next day. This has direct implications for the way EPF models are built.

关键词： Codes   Linear codes   Codecs   Generators   Telecommunications   Computer science   Technological innovation   Quaternary linear code   subfield code   weight distribution   simplicial complex  

摘要： In this paper, we mainly study quaternary linear codes and their binary subfield codes. First we obtain a general explicit relationship between quaternary linear codes and their binary subfield codes in terms of generator matrices and defining sets. Second, we construct quaternary linear codes via simplicial complexes and determine the weight distributions of these codes. Third, the weight distributions of the binary subfield codes of these quaternary codes are also computed by employing the general characterization. Furthermore, we present two infinite families of optimal linear codes with respect to the Griesmer Bound, and a class of binary almost optimal codes with respect to the Sphere Packing Bound. We also need to emphasize that we obtain at least 9 new quaternary linear codes.

关键词： civic engagement   political behavior   media   electronic   race   ethnicity   African-American  

摘要： This study examined associations between Black youth's engagement with hip-hop culture and their sociopolitical development (SPD) (e.g., critical social analysis, critical agency, and anti-racist activism). Participants included 499 Black adolescents recruited from across the United States through an online survey panel. Findings from regression analysis revealed the differential effects of rap media (music and music videos) and hip-hop media (e.g., blogs, video shows, radio) on youth's SPD. Black youth who consumed more hip-hop media and who interacted with artists on social media had more agency to address racism and reported engaging in more racial-justice activism. The frequency of youth's rap media usage was not consistently related to youth's SPD. However, youth's perceptions of rap (e.g., rap is empowering or misogynistic) were found to be directly associated with indicators of SPD. These findings provide insight into the potential influence of hip-hop culture beyond music on youth's racial-justice beliefs and actions.

关键词： Computer science   Feminist pedagogy   Gender gaps   Women students   Women of color  

摘要： The participation and engagement of traditionally underrepresented students remained low in computer science subjects and career paths, especially women and women of color. In terms of the urgent need to achieve intellectual diversity within the computer science field, many institutions strived to broaden the participation of women and women of color in computer science programs. However, access does not mean success. Effective pedagogical interventions are essential to change the classroom culture to support the retention and completion of women students in computer science. Research showed the promise of feminist pedagogy in eliminating gendered stereotypes, biases, and oppressions perpetuated within computer science education. The purpose of this article is to discuss course design considerations while adopting feminist pedagogy to promote gender parity in computer science, as indicated in feminist consciousness, collaborative learning, and reflexive learning. Further research and interventions are needed to address inequality issues in computer science in other contexts.