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ISBN: (纸本)9780231205023;9780231555807;0231555806

摘要： The works of African American authors and artists are too ofteninterpreted through the lens of authenticity. They are scrutinizedfor "positive" or &qu...

ISBN: (数字)9781526164469 ISBN: (纸本)9781526164452

摘要： A volume of new chapters exploring the reputation, text and legacy of D. W. Griffith 1915 film The Birth of a Nation. In-depth textual analyses accompany reflections on Birth profound impact on art and film into the twenty-first century, comprising a significant contribution to discourse on the most controversial film of all time.

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关键词： Measurement   Degradation   Cameras   Superresolution   Quality assessment   Image segmentation   Computer science   Single image super-resolution   real-world   image quality assessment   no-reference metric   Karhunen-Loeve transform  

摘要： Numerous single image super-resolution (SISR) algorithms have been proposed during the past years to reconstruct a high-resolution (HR) image from its low-resolution (LR) observation. However, how to fairly compare the performance of different SISR algorithms/results remains a challenging problem. So far, the lack of comprehensive human subjective study on large-scale real-world SISR datasets and accurate objective SISR quality assessment metrics makes it unreliable to truly understand the performance of different SISR algorithms. We in this paper make efforts to tackle these two issues. Firstly, we construct a real-world SISR quality dataset (i.e., RealSRQ) and conduct human subjective studies to compare the performance of the representative SISR algorithms. Secondly, we propose a new objective metric, i.e., KLTSRQA, based on the Karhunen-Loeve Transform (KLT) to evaluate the quality of SISR images in a no-reference (NR) manner. Experiments on our constructed RealSRQ and the latest synthetic SISR quality dataset (i.e., QADS) have demonstrated the superiority of our proposed KLTSRQA metric, achieving higher consistency with human subjective scores than relevant existing NR image quality assessment (NR-IQA) metrics. The dataset and the code will be made available at https://***/Zhentao-Liu/RealSRQ-KLTSRQA.

关键词： Industrial Internet of Things   Blockchains   Fourth Industrial Revolution   Industries   Computer architecture   Internet   Computer science   Blockchain   IIoT   Industry 4   0   IoT   5G  

摘要： It has been proven that Internet of Things (IoT) platforms can improve the performance and efficiency of a wide range of processes. With the acceptance of IoT as a major part of the technology of Industry 4.0, the notion of leveraging the Internet in industries to enable automation and reconfigure existing industrial processes has greatly evolved. By introducing smart technology and intelligent processes, the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is committed to bringing high operational efficiency, enhanced productivity, and effective management to industrial assets. Despite this, the reliance of IIoT on central architecture presents numerous challenges, including the security and maintenance of smart devices, privacy issues owing to third-party participation, and massive computations conducted by a central entity, all of which prevent its widespread adoption in businesses. Emerging blockchain technologies have the potential to transform IIoT platforms and applications. A distributed and decentralized approach followed by blockchain might offer interesting solutions to the challenges raised by IIoT. Furthermore, 5G networks are expected to deliver excellent solutions to meet the demands of decentralized systems, with a focus on application-specific vulnerabilities. Blockchain and IIoT, enabled by 5G, is a viable option to fully explore the potential of contemporary industry. In this context, this article analyzes and examines recent achievements to highlight the major obstacles in blockchain-IIoT convergence and presents a framework for potential solutions. A well-organized literature review by analyzing the existing work in three primary areas: blockchain consensus algorithms used in existing IoT and IIoT applications, blockchain for 5G-enabled IoT networks, and blockchain in industry have been performed, with major findings summarized in each area. Directions for the future are also provided and intend to assist researchers in understanding the full potential of t

关键词： Action research   Collaboration   CS1   Introductory computer science class   Supplement instruction   Video lectures  

摘要： This action research study investigated how a community college faculty member can improve completion rates in introductory computer science (CS1) courses. Some students think the CS1 course is challenging or non-interesting after taking the class midway and then dropping out. Others would fail the exams repeatedly. Since the exams are mostly cumulative, students who fail the earlier exams would be very likely to fail again in the later exams, so it is essential to help students to learn the materials well at the beginning. This action research combined students’ participation, supplemental instruction, lecture videos, and additional problem exercises to help students succeed in the CS1 courses.

关键词： Computer science education   Curriculum reform   Teacher professional learning  

摘要： The Computer Science for All (CS for All) movement launched in 2016, following a decade of increasing support for broadening access to computer science education in K-12. In the years since, it has grown into a broad-based effort to equip all students with the skills they need to thrive in a digital society. CS for All follows a long line of educational initiatives that have attempted to achieve broad social and political aims through curriculum reform. The wide range of rationales for CS for All, including workforce development, personal empowerment, and creative expression, have implications for designs for curricula and strategies for teacher professional learning. This dissertation considers the CS for All movement from three perspectives: historical context, curricular approaches, and the experiences of classroom teachers who are learning to teach computer science. The successful scaling of CS for All will depend upon a coherent approach supported by a strong theory of action linking classroom activities to the broad array of intended outcomes.

关键词： Web programming   Young minorities   Web design   Computer science   High school  

摘要： Women and minorities are underrepresented in the United States of America in the IT industry of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics). Proper representation in the computer science field and early participation in extracurricular activities related to computer science will increase participation in these demographics. This work addresses an experiment involving high school students. Our experiment data shows that the average interest in computer science before and after the completion of the program, increased from 2.67 to 4.00, which is based on a scale from one to five from the sample size of the surveys. This increase also caused a reduction in standard deviation from ±2.08 to ±1.00. Allowing the students to develop a website and increasing their skills in web design, have increased their interests in computer science, which in turn, will increase enrollment for computer science majors.

关键词： Computer science education   Concepts   K-8   Practice  

摘要： The consistent prevalence of computer science in our society and the urgent need for STEM professionals in the U.S. raised the need for computer science education at the K-8 level. Researchers have examined the challenges, possible approaches, and contents of teaching computer science. However, there has been limited research on teachers’ conceptualization and practice of teaching computer science in their classes at the K-8 level. This study aimed to examine K-8 teachers' conceptions and practices of teaching computer science in Indiana. To this end, the research question focused on how K-8 teachers conceptualize computer science and how K-8 teachers practice teaching computer science. This study utilized an explanatory sequential mixed method embedded with a multiple case design to answer the research questions. From kindergarten to eighth grade, nine teachers who had computer science teaching experience participated in this study. The data collected from the participants included questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, class observation, and teaching materials. Thematic analysis procedure and constant comparative analysis procedure were employed as the data analysis approaches. The results showed that the participants of this study used computers and technology indistinguishably. In addition, the participants viewed computer literacy and digital citizenship as the essential parts of computer science. However, the participants’ teaching practice emphasized coding and computer literacy more than digital citizenship, which was not alien to their concepts of computer science. The participants of this study have taught computer science as separate activities as opposed to a sustained curriculum. Moreover, the participants of this study relied on free and ready-to-use teaching materials, especially those that included hands-on activities. The participants of this study agreed that computer science should be a separate class and taught by specialists, even though th

关键词： Deep learning   Standards   Measurement   Computer science   Data mining   Computer architecture   Complexity theory   Text summarization   arabic natural language processing   machine learning   extractive text summarization   abstractive text summarization   and deep learning models  

摘要： The explosion of online and offline data has changed how we gather, evaluate, and understand data. It is frequently difficult and time-consuming to comprehend large text documents and extract crucial information from them. Text summarization techniques address the mentioned problems by compressing long texts while retaining their essential contents. These techniques rely on the fast delivery of filtered, high-quality content to their users. Due to the massive amounts of data generated by technology and various sources, automated text summarization of large-scale data is challenging. There are three types of automatic text summarization techniques: extractive, abstractive, and hybrid. Regardless of these previous techniques, the generated summaries are a long way from the summarization produced by human experts. Although Arabic is a widely spoken language that is frequently used for content sharing on the web, Arabic text summarization of Arabic content is limited and still immature because of several problems, including the Arabic language's morphological structure, the variety of dialects, and the lack of adequate data sources. This paper reviews text summarization approaches and recent deep learning models for this approach. Additionally, it focuses on existing datasets for these approaches, which are also reviewed, along with their characteristics and limitations. The most often used metrics for summarization quality evaluation are ROUGE1, ROUGE2, ROUGE L, and Bleu. The challenges that are encountered during Arabic text summarizing methods and approaches and the solutions proposed in each approach are analyzed. Many Arabic text summarization methods have problems, such as the lack of golden tokens during testing, being out of vocabulary (OOV) words, repeating summary sentences, lack of standard systematic methodologies and architectures, and the complexity of the Arabic language. Finally, providing the required corpora, improving evaluation using semantic represe