教学课程资源库 更多>>

关键词： Conservation biology   Conservation biology   Computer science  

摘要： Inexpensive and accessible sensors are accelerating data acquisition in animal ecology. These technologies hold great potential for large-scale ecological understanding, but are limited by current processing approaches which inefficiently distill data into relevant information. We argue that animal ecologists can capitalize on large datasets generated by modern sensors by combining machine learning approaches with domain knowledge. Incorporating machine learning into ecological workflows could improve inputs for ecological models and lead to integrated hybrid modeling tools. This approach will require close interdisciplinary collaboration to ensure the quality of novel approaches and train a new generation of data scientists in ecology and conservation. Animal ecologists are increasingly limited by constraints in data processing. Here, Tuia and colleagues discuss how collaboration between ecologists and data scientists can harness machine learning to capitalize on the data generated from technological advances and lead to novel modeling approaches.

关键词： Natural language processing systems  

摘要： We present SummaryLens, a concept and prototype for a mobile tool that leverages automated text summarization to enable users to quickly scan and summarize physical text *** further combine this with a text-to-speech system to read out the summary on demand. With this concept, we propose and explore a concrete application case of bringing ongoing progress in AI and Natural Language Processing to a broad audience with interactive use cases in everyday life. Based on our implemented features, we describe a set of potential usage scenarios and benefits, including support for low-vision, low-literate and dyslexic users. A first usability study shows that the interactive use of automated text summarization in everyday life has noteworthy potential. We make the prototype available as an open-source project to facilitate further research on such tools. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Computational methods   Computer science   Electronic structure   Two-dimensional materials  

摘要： The study introduces novel methods for representing electronic states as input to machine learning models, which is used to learn high-fidelity band structures of two-dimensional materials from low- fidelity input. Choosing optimal representation methods of atomic and electronic structures is essential when machine learning properties of materials. We address the problem of representing quantum states of electrons in a solid for the purpose of machine leaning state-specific electronic properties. Specifically, we construct a fingerprint based on energy decomposed operator matrix elements (ENDOME) and radially decomposed projected density of states (RAD-PDOS), which are both obtainable from a standard density functional theory (DFT) calculation. Using such fingerprints we train a gradient boosting model on a set of 46k G(0)W(0) quasiparticle energies. The resulting model predicts the self-energy correction of states in materials not seen by the model with a mean absolute error of 0.14 eV. By including the material's calculated dielectric constant in the fingerprint the error can be further reduced by 30%, which we find is due to an enhanced ability to learn the correlation/screening part of the self-energy. Our work paves the way for accurate estimates of quasiparticle band structures at the cost of a standard DFT calculation.

关键词： 妊娠期糖尿病   网络互动式连续护理干预   生存质量  

摘要： 目的观察妊娠期糖尿病患者实施网络互动式连续护理干预对患者生存质量的影响。方法采用计算机数表法将该院2019年5月—2021年3月诊治的96例妊娠期糖尿病患者随机分为两组,各48例。对比组开展常规护理,实践组开展网络互动式连续护理干预。比较两组患者疾病认知度、自我管理能力、血糖水平及生存质量。结果实践组干预后疾病认知度明显高于对比组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实践组干预后运动锻炼、健康饮食、自我管理态度、自我管理能力评分均高于对比组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且实践组干预后空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖均明显低于对比组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实践组干预后自评身体健康状况、对工作及前途的影响评分及生存质量总分均高于对比组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论妊娠期糖尿病患者实施网络互动式连续护理干预能取得较好效果,在提高患者自我管理能力、改善生存质量方面优势显著,值得推广应用。

关键词： ASIIN认证   实践教学体系   课程内容重组   人才培养   项目驱动教学  

摘要： 针对国际工程教育专业认证中计算机科学与技术专业实践教学体系不完整、缺少真实工程场景项目等问题,基于横向和纵向两个维度构建了专业实践教学体系。通过重组实践课程内容、引入真实工程项目,阐释了计算机科学与技术专业实践教学体系构建的思路与内涵,在计算机类专业ASIIN认证的实践中取得良好效果。为高校计算机科学与技术专业开展国际工程教育专业认证和实践教学体系的纵深改革提供参考。

关键词： 计算机科学   实践操作   教学方法  

摘要： 阐述计算机科学与技术的教学方法,不但要做好专业知识教学,同时还要关注实践操作能力的培养。在课堂教学设计上,理论知识与实践操作的结合才能有效提升学生的综合能力。

关键词： 来华留学生   计算机科学与技术   全英文专业   人才培养   专业建设  

摘要： 随着“一带一路”倡议的纵深推进,沿线国家学生来华学习的数量不断攀升,就读工程专业已成为来华留学生的热门选择。但是,现有计算机科学与技术全英文专业的建设基本照搬了中国学生的培养计划,未形成适合来华留学生认知能力和认知特点的人才培养模式。基于这一现实需求,文章以全球胜任力为导向,聚焦于“一带一路”沿线国家来华留学生教育质量的提升,以培养有良好专业素质、全球视野和创新能力的复合型人才为目标,探索来华留学生计算机科学与技术全英文专业的建设,更好地服务于“一带一路”倡议发展需求。

关键词： 本科教育   课程   国际比较   创新人才  

摘要： 中美顶尖研究大学计算机本科专业课程体系的比较显示,两校课程体系、课程类型、学分比例等外显结构"形似",课程知识组织的内在逻辑、潜在资源和微观方法"神异"。基于课程社会学框架对两校课程目标、类型、内容组织方式、学习支持、评价方式等比较,分析了课程差异如何深植于高等教育发展逻辑、资源配置、教学管理和升学考试制度。

关键词： 新工科   计算机类专业   港澳台侨及留学生   人才培养模式  

摘要： 以新工科教育理念为指导,以培养具有全球胜任力的创新型人才为目标,从港澳台侨及留学生的知识储备和学习特点出发,从专班培养模式、课程体系、教学方式和实践能力培养模式四个维度对计算机类境外生培养模式进行改革和实践,以期为海内外社会培养出更多更好的符合计算机技术及产业发展需要的优秀人才。

关键词： Servers   Bandwidth   Throughput   Redundancy   Load management   Linux   Computer science   Bursty traffic   packet offloading   packet batching   high-performance network stack  

摘要： Unexpected bursty traffic brought by certain sudden events, such as news in the spotlight on a social network or discounted items on sale, can cause severe load imbalance in backend services. Migrating hot data-the standard approach to achieve load balance-meets a challenge when handling such unexpected load imbalance, because migrating data will slow down the server that is already under heavy pressure. This article proposes PostMan, an alternative approach to rapidly mitigate load imbalance for services processing small requests. Motivated by the observation that processing large packets incurs far less CPU overhead than processing small ones, PostMan deploys a number of middleboxes called helpers to assemble small packets into large ones for the heavily-loaded server. This approach essentially offloads the overhead of packet processing from the heavily-loaded server to helpers. To minimize the overhead, PostMan activates helpers on demand, only when bursty traffic is detected. The heavily-loaded server determines when clients connect/disconnect to/from helpers based on the real-time load statistics. To tolerate helper failures, PostMan can migrate connections across helpers and can ensure packet ordering despite such migration. Driven by real-world workloads, our evaluation shows that, with the help of PostMan, a Memcached server can mitigate bursty traffic within hundreds of milliseconds, while migrating data takes tens of seconds and increases the latency during migration.