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关键词： Computer architecture  

摘要： Early in the pandemic, we—leaders in the research areas of programming languages (PL) and computer architecture (CA)—realized that we had a problem: the only way to form new lasting connections in the community was to already have lasting connections in the community. Both of our academic communities had wonderful short-term mentoring programs to address this problem, but it was clear that we needed long-term mentoring programs. Those of us in CA approached this scientifically, making an evidence-backed case for community-wide long-term mentoring [1]. In the meantime, one of us in PL had impulsively launched an unofficial long-term mentoring program, founded on chaos and spreadsheets. In January 2021, the latter grew to an official cross-institutional long-term mentoring program called SIGPLAN-M;in January 2022, the former grew to Computer Architecture Long-term Mentoring (CALM). The impacts have been strong: SIGPLAN-M reaches 328 mentees and 234 mentors across 41 countries, and mentees have described it as "life changing" and "a career saver." And while CALM is in its pilot phase—with 13 mentors and 21 mentees across 7 countries—it has received very positive feedback. The leaders of SIGPLAN-M and CALM shared our designs, impacts, and challenges along the way. Now, we wish to share those with you. We hope this will kick-start a larger long-term mentoring effort across all of computer science. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Education computing  

摘要： In June 1965, Sister Mary Kenneth Keller, BVM, received the first US PhD in Computer Science, and this paper outlines her life and accomplishments. As a scholar, she has the distinction of being an early advocate of learning-by-example in artificial intelligence. Her main scholarly contribution was in shaping computer science education in high schools and small colleges. She was an evangelist for viewing the computer as a symbol manipulator, for providing computer literacy to everyone, and for the use of computers in service to humanity. She was far ahead of her time in working to ensure a place for women in technology and in eliminating barriers preventing their participation, such as poor access to education and daycare. She was a strong and spirited woman, a visionary in seeing how computers would revolutionize our lives. A condensation of this paper appeared as, "The Legacy of Mary Kenneth Keller, First U.S. Ph.D. in Computer Science," Jennifer Head and Dianne P. O'Leary, IEEE Annals of the History of Computing 45(1):55-63, January-March *** Codes 68.03 © 2022, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： 青鱼   浮游生物   群落结构   池塘养殖   环境因子  

摘要： 为探究青鱼-鲢、鳙生态养殖池塘中浮游生物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系,于2015年4-10月对3口青鱼养殖池塘的浮游生物及水质理化性质进行监测。结果显示,在青鱼-鲢、鳙生态养殖池塘中共检出浮游植物112种,其中绿藻门(47种)、裸藻门(30种)和硅藻门(17种)为优势门类,优势种有扭曲小环藻、普通小球藻和被甲栅藻,浮游植物平均密度和生物量分别为3.24×10^(7)个/L和32.10mg/L。共检出浮游动物96种,其中原生动物42种、轮虫40种、枝角类9种、桡足类5种,优势种有裂痕龟纹轮虫、针簇多肢轮虫和暗小异尾轮虫等,浮游动物平均密度和生物量分别为6.08×10^(4)个/L和5.20mg/L。不同月份浮游植物和浮游动物的多样性指数中,香农-维纳多样性指数分别为1.8~2.5和2.9~4.5、物种丰富度指数分别为2.5~4.9和1.2~4.1、物种均匀度指数分别为0.51~0.69和1.5~2.8。此外,通过Pearson相关性分析和冗余分析对浮游生物群落与水体理化因子之间的关系进行分析,影响青鱼-鲢、鳙生态养殖池塘中浮游生物群落结构的主要环境因子为pH、水温、透明度和溶解氧。因此,在实际生产中可通过调控水质来控制养殖水体中浮游生物群落结构的组成和数量。同时,在高温缺氧的天气应加强水质管理。

关键词： 地方本科院校   计算机科学与技术   应用型   新工科   OBE  

摘要： 新工科建设赋予了高等教育由精英教育向大众教育转型的新内涵,地方本科院校在人才培养模式面临诸多挑战。地方本科院校要服务区域市场需求,结合自身办学现状,明确培养目标,主动求变,推动人才培养高质量发展。以计算机科学与技术专业为例,从理论课程教学体系、实践教学体系、师资队伍建设、多方位协同育人机制、质量保障体系进行了探索并取得一定的实效。

关键词： 专业综合课程设计   单片机   智能门铃系统  

摘要： 专业综合课程设计是计算机科学与技术专业的一门实践性课程,文章以智能门铃系统的设计为例,通过将智能门铃的设计案例引入专业综合课程设计的实践教学,可以提高专业实践课程教学效果,促进计算机科学与技术专业的建设发展。

关键词： Adaptation models   Control systems   Runtime   Tracking   Semantics   Iterative methods   Computer science   Self-adaptive systems   model@runtime   compositional verification   track-based traffic control systems   Ptolemy II  

摘要： Autonomous traffic control systems are large-scale systems with critical goals. To satisfy expected properties, these systems adapt themselves to possible changes in their environment and in the system itself. The adaptation may result in further changes propagated throughout the system. For each change and its consequent adaptation, assuring the satisfaction of properties of the system at runtime is important. A prominent approach to assure the correct behavior of these systems is verification at runtime, which has strict time and memory limitations. To tackle these limitations, we propose Magnifier, an iterative, incremental, and compositional verification approach that operates on an actor-based model where actors are grouped in components, and components are augmented with a coordinator. The Magnifier idea is zooming on the area (component) affected by a change and verifying the correctness of properties of interest of the system after adapting the component to the change. Magnifier checks if the change is propagating, and if that is the case, then it zooms out to perform adaptation on a larger area to contain the change. The process is iterative and incremental, and considers areas affected by the change one by one. In Magnifier, we use the Coordinated Adaptive Actor model (CoodAA) for traffic control systems. We present a formal semantics for CoodAA as a network of Timed Input-Output Automata (TIOAs), and prove the correctness of our compositional reasoning. We implement our approach in Ptolemy II. The results of our experiments indicate that the proposed approach improves the verification time and the memory consumption compared to the non-compositional approach.

关键词： Programming   Programming profession   Computer languages   Visualization   Education   C plus plus languages   Java   Computer science   computer science education   computers and information processing   education   engineering education   educational technology   object oriented programming   programming  

摘要： Object-oriented programming (OOP) is not only an integral part of computing degrees but also a requirement in non-computing majors such as engineering. Understanding OOP concepts can be difficult for novice programmers, and often leads to the development of misconceptions. This is exacerbated when the discipline requires students to learn a technical low-level language such as C++, as is the case in many engineering disciplines. We propose a block-based programming language extension, Blockly-OOP, to help students learn core OOP concepts without the technical complexities associated with traditional textual languages. The Blockly-OOP Learning Environment was developed by integrating Blockly-OOP with learning activities that guide students through programming exercises that target popular OOP misconceptions. An evaluation (n = 238) in a second-year programming course (CS2) showed that a block-based programming language helps students improve their understanding of object-oriented concepts, warranting further research in this area.

关键词： 偶氮染料   混合菌群   脱色   驯化   静置培养  

摘要： 以偶氮染料活性黑5作为目标污染物,在静置培养条件下,驯化能够脱色降解活性黑5的混合菌群。通过改变不同环境条件,包括pH值、初始染料浓度、碳源,分析混合菌群对活性黑5的脱色效果差异性。实验结果表明,与偏酸性、中性条件相比,偏碱性条件更有利于混合菌群对活性黑5的脱色作用;随着初始染料浓度的增加,混合菌群脱色率逐渐降低;当pH为9时,在不同碳源作用下,混合菌群对活性黑5的脱色率均可达到90%左右。因此,该混合菌群对偶氮染料具有较好的脱色潜力。