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关键词： Computer science   Technology   Policy  

摘要： Beset by regulatory challenges and difficulties finding international collaborators, the country is still playing catch-up on commercializing basic research

摘要： The problem of decent work availability is still a big challenge in Indonesia. A key element of decent work is employment opportunities where people work in informal sectors are the mains indicator. However, the informal sectors will derive new problems in a long period because their workers are very vulnerable to economic shocks. They do not have a fixed income, lack basic social or legal protections such as health insurance or accident insurance, and no pension plan. Various factors influenced who works in informal sectors. In this study, we want to classify the type of workers working in informal and formal sectors. We used a classification technique called Classification and Regression Tree (CART) and non-linear Support Vector Machine (SVM) to answer such a problem. We implemented both techniques to worker status in the Blitar regency in 2019. We have that the performance of SVM is better than CART due to the classification accuracy score where the CART score is 79.56 percent while the SVM reaches 85.32 percent.

关键词： Performance evaluation   Computer science   Internet of Things   Software engineering  

摘要： In the above article [1] , we want to change the affiliation of the first author to “Department of Software Engineering, Bahria University, Islamabad, 46000, Pakistan” and add a new affiliation for the second author, which is “Department of Computer Science, Bahria University, Islamabad, 46000, Pakistan.” The first author (ZULFIQAR ALI; zulfijobs@***) is a Ph.D. student at Bahria University Islamabad, Pakistan, and the second author (SHAGUFTA HENNA; shaguftahenna@***) is his Ph.D. Supervisor.

关键词： Religion   Lynching   White supremacy   Electrocution   South   Capital punishment   Public Execution   Private Execution   African American Religion   African American History  

ISBN: (数字)9781469670430 ISBN: (纸本)9781469670416

摘要： Before 1850, all legal executions in the South were performed before crowds that could number in the thousands; the last legal public execution was in 1936. This study focuses on the shift from public executions to ones behind barriers, situating that change within our understandings of lynching and competing visions of justice and religion. Intended to shame and intimidate, public executions after the Civil War had quite a different effect on southern Black communities. Crowds typically consisting of as many Black people as white behaved like congregations before a macabre pulpit, led in prayer and song by a Black minister on the scaffold. Black criminals often proclaimed their innocence and almost always their salvation. This turned the proceedings into public, mixed-race, and mixed-gender celebrations of Black religious authority and devotion. In response, southern states rewrote their laws to eliminate these crowds and this Black authority, ultimately turning to electrocutions in the bowels of state penitentiaries. As a wave of lynchings crested around the turn of the twentieth century, states transformed the ways that the South's white-dominated governments controlled legal capital punishment, making executions into private affairs witnessed only by white people.

关键词： Curricula  

摘要： The main objective of the study is to provide ICT awareness, literacy and skills development to the barangay officials of Agoo, La Union. Specifically, it aimed the following objectives: 1) to determine the profile of the respondents in terms of personal information, educational background and availability of computer unit and background in using computer;2) to determine the effectiveness of the CILC in terms of services delivered, timeliness of the service, and improvement on the computer and internet knowledge of the trainees;and 3) to determine the level of relevance of the training sessions of the CILC. The study used a descriptive design. Data were gathered by using survey questionnaire and were analyzed by using statistical treatments such as frequency count, percentage and mean. As to the profile of the trainees, the study found that most of the trainees are female (88%);84% are married, and 56% of them are at the age bracket of 30-39 years old. In terms of educational background, many are high school graduate (n= 17;68%). In addition, most of them (84%) have background in *** result also shows that the CILC is at the high level of effectiveness (4.67) in terms of services delivered and is much relevant (4.45) in terms of its relevance. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biomedical engineering   Computer science  

摘要： This study presents a novel framework for classifying and visualizing pneumonia induced by COVID-19 from CT images. Although many image classification methods using deep learning have been proposed, in the case of medical image fields, standard classification methods are unable to be used in some cases because the medical images that belong to the same category vary depending on the progression of the symptoms and the size of the inflamed area. In addition, it is essential that the models used be transparent and explainable, allowing health care providers to trust the models and avoid mistakes. In this study, we propose a classification method using contrastive learning and an attention mechanism. Contrastive learning is able to close the distance for images of the same category and generate a better feature space for classification. An attention mechanism is able to emphasize an important area in the image and visualize the location related to classification. Through experiments conducted on two-types of classification using a three-fold cross validation, we confirmed that the classification accuracy was significantly improved;in addition, a detailed visual explanation was achieved comparison with conventional methods.

关键词： Palaeoceanography   Computer science   Scientific data  

摘要： Geochemical variations of sedimentary records contain vital information for understanding paleoenvironment and paleoclimate. However, to obtain quantitative data in the laboratory is laborious, which ultimately restricts the temporal and spatial resolution. Quantification based on fast-acquisition and high-resolution provides a potential solution but is restricted to qualitative X-ray fluorescence (XRF) core scanning data. Here, we apply machine learning (ML) to advance the quantification progress and target calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and total organic carbon (TOC) for quantification to test the potential of such an XRF-ML approach. Raw XRF spectra are used as input data instead of software-based extraction of elemental intensities to avoid bias and increase information. Our dataset comprises Pacific and Southern Ocean marine sediment cores from high- to mid-latitudes to extend the applicability of quantification models from a site-specific to a multi-regional scale. ML-built models are carefully evaluated with a training set, a test set and a case study. The acquired ML-models provide better results with R-2 of 0.96 for CaCO3 and 0.78 for TOC than conventional methods. In our case study, the ML-performance for TOC is comparably lower but still provides potential for future optimization. Altogether, this study allows to conveniently generate high-resolution bulk chemistry records without losing accuracy.

关键词： Predictive markers   Computer science  

摘要： Cardiorespiratory fitness is an established predictor of metabolic disease and mortality. Fitness is directly measured as maximal oxygen consumption (VO(2)max), or indirectly assessed using heart rate responses to standard exercise tests. However, such testing is costly and burdensome because it requires specialized equipment such as treadmills and oxygen masks, limiting its utility. Modern wearables capture dynamic real-world data which could improve fitness prediction. In this work, we design algorithms and models that convert raw wearable sensor data into cardiorespiratory fitness estimates. We validate these estimates' ability to capture fitness profiles in free-living conditions using the Fenland Study (N=11,059), along with its longitudinal cohort (N = 2675), and a third external cohort using the UK Biobank Validation Study (N = 181) who underwent maximal VO(2)max testing, the gold standard measurement of fitness. Our results show that the combination of wearables and other biomarkers as inputs to neural networks yields a strong correlation to ground truth in a holdout sample (r = 0.82, 95CI 0.80-0.83), outperforming other approaches and models and detects fitness change over time (e.g., after 7 years). We also show how the model's latent space can be used for fitness-aware patient subtyping paving the way to scalable interventions and personalized trial recruitment. These results demonstrate the value of wearables for fitness estimation that today can be measured only with laboratory tests.

关键词： Computer science   Machine learning  

摘要： Game-playing AIs that interact with humans are laying important groundwork for real-world applications.

关键词： 信任   信誉   可信性   信任模型  

摘要： 在计算机科学中,信任被看作是分布式网络环境中必不可少的安全关系,已成为解决安全问题的一种有效途径。首先概述国内外对于信任问题的相关研究,接着介绍信任基本概念、性质与分类,重点是信任相关概念及其相互关系,最后讨论计算机科学中信任的应用。