教学课程资源库 更多>>

关键词： Filling   Guidelines   Visualization   W3C   Usability   Prototypes   Computer science   Visual impairment   Web services   Web design   Blindness   Accessibility   framework   screen reader   visually impaired   web form  

摘要： Due to the growth in the number of Internet users and the services provided by websites, making websites accessible to everyone has become necessary. Web forms play a crucial role in collecting information from users to provide services. Despite the increasing number of visually impaired users, with the World Health Organization reporting at least two billion people globally with vision impairments, website developers still fail to adhere to web accessibility guidelines, making it difficult, if not impossible, for visually impaired individuals to easily fill out web forms. This study introduces the Web Form Accessibility Framework for the Visually Impaired (WAFI). By using WAFI, web form developers can create more accessible web forms for visually impaired users, enabling them to fill out forms faster, easier, and with fewer errors. WAFI is designed with components that encompass all necessary aspects for building an accessible web form. The framework was thoroughly evaluated by experts and tested with a sample of visually impaired users. They were asked to fill out two web forms: AWF, which followed WAFI, and IWF, which did not. The results clearly demonstrate that AWF was submitted faster and with fewer errors than IWF. Based on the evaluation and testing outcomes, the framework underwent further refinement, leading to the production of the final framework. It is hoped that WAFI will significantly improve web form development and enhance the overall experience of visually impaired users.

关键词： Clothing   Image color analysis   Feature extraction   Degradation   Computer science   Adversarial machine learning   Skeleton   Person re-identification   auxiliary-free   cloth-changing   competitive strategy  

摘要： Recent person Re-IDentification (ReID) systems have been challenged by changes in personnel clothing, leading to the study of Cloth-Changing person ReID (CC-ReID). Commonly used techniques involve incorporating auxiliary information (e.g., body masks, gait, skeleton, and keypoints) to accurately identify the target pedestrian. However, the effectiveness of these methods heavily relies on the quality of auxiliary information and comes at the cost of additional computational resources, ultimately increasing system complexity. This paper focuses on achieving CC-ReID by effectively leveraging the information concealed within the image. To this end, we introduce an Auxiliary-free Competitive IDentification (ACID) model. It achieves a win-win situation by enriching the identity (ID)-preserving information conveyed by the appearance and structure features while maintaining holistic efficiency. In detail, we build a hierarchical competitive strategy that progressively accumulates meticulous ID cues with discriminating feature extraction at the global, channel, and pixel levels during model inference. After mining the hierarchical discriminative clues for appearance and structure features, these enhanced ID-relevant features are crosswise integrated to reconstruct images for reducing intra-class variations. Finally, by combing with self- and cross-ID penalties, the ACID is trained under a generative adversarial learning framework to effectively minimize the distribution discrepancy between the generated data and real-world data. Experimental results on four public cloth-changing datasets (i.e., PRCC-ReID, VC-Cloth, LTCC-ReID, and Celeb-ReID) demonstrate the proposed ACID can achieve superior performance over state-of-the-art methods. The code is available soon at: https://***/BoomShakaY/WinCC-ReID.

关键词： Security   Computer science   Reliability   Monitoring   Delay effects   Detection algorithms   Bandwidth   Connected vehicles   Intermittently connected networks   delay tolerant networks   packet drops attack   fake packet attacks   misbehaving node   selective packet drop attacks  

摘要： Delay/Disruption Tolerant Networks (DTNs) are a special category of IntermittentlyConnectedNetworks (ICNs). It has features such as long-delay, frequent-disruption, asymmetrical-data-rates, and high-bundle-error-rates. DTNs have been mainly developed for planet-to-planet networks, commonly known as Inter-Planetary-Networks (IPNs). However, DTNs have shown undimmed potency in challenged communication networks, such as DakNet, ZebraNet, KioskNet and WiderNet. Due to unique characteristics (Intermittent-connectivity and long-delay) DTNs face tough/several challenges in various research areas i.e bundle-forwarding, key-distribution, privacy, bundle-fragmentation, and malicious/selfish nodes particularly. Malicious/selfish nodes launch various catastrophic attacks, this includes, fake packet attacks, selective packet drops attacks, and denial-of-service/flood attacks. These attacks inevitably consume limited resources (persistent-buffer and bandwidth) in DTNs. Fake-packet and selective-packet-drops attacks are top among the challenging attacks in ICNs. The focus of this article is on critical analyses of fake-packet and selective-packet-drops attacks. The panoramic view on misbehavior nodes mitigation algorithms are analyzed, and evaluated mathematically through several parameters for detection probability/accuracy. This article presents a novel algorithm to detects/mitigates fake-packet and selective-packet-drops attacks. The proposed algorithm uses Merkle-Hash-Tree to detects the aforementioned attacks. The proposed algorithm added root hash along with all packets, when the malicious nodes drop packets or inject fake packets, the algorithm detects malicious nodes. Moreover, trace-driven simulation results show the proposed algorithm of this article accurately (enhanced detection-accuracy, enhanced packet delivery/packet loss ratios, and reduces false-positive/false-negative rates) detects malicious nodes which launch fake-packet and selective-packet-drops attacks, unli

关键词： Virtual summer camp   Learning programs   Intersectional representation   Learning   Attitudes  

摘要： Several studies have focused on how in-person informal CS learning programs like summer camps and after-school programs impact Black girls' intent to persist in Computer Science; however, virtual informal CS learning programs remain to be studied. This mixed-methods study uses Intersectional Computing and Social Cognitive Career Theory to examine the impact of four virtual CS summer camps on Black middle school girls' intent to persist in CS. Key to the approach of the camps is the recognition that intersectional representation in the camp's community of attendees, teachers, and guest speakers and the content fosters confidence for Black girls in computing. Findings of a pre-and post-survey study of 108 camp attendees show that participating in the camps increased computing confidence and outcome expectations among Black girls at the camps. Semi-structured interviews (n=10) revealed how Black girls' intersectional identities influence their attitudes towards learning CS, both in-person at school and virtually at camp. Implications will help expand or improve virtual informal CS experiences for Black girls to reduce the barriers that may prevent them from learning CS at an early age.

关键词： Computer science  

ISBN: (数字)9781394184705;9781394184712 ISBN: (纸本)9781394184699

摘要： The coming of the AI revolution in brick-and-mortar retail In AI for Retail: A Practical Guide to Modernize Your Retail Business with AI and Automation, Francois Chaubard, AI researcher and retail technology CEO, delivers a practical guide for integrating AI into your brick-and-mortar retail business. In the book, you’ll learn how to make your business more efficient by automating inventory management, supply chain, front-end, merchandising, pricing, loss prevention, e-commerce processes, and more. The author takes you step by step from no AI Strategy at all to implementing a robust AI playbook that will permeate through your entire organization. In this book, you will learn:

• How AI works, including key terminology and fundamental AI applications in retail
• How AI can be applied to the major functions of retail with detailed P&L analysis of each application
• How to implement an AI strategy across your entire business to double or even triple Free Cash Flow

AI for Retail is the comprehensive, hands-on blueprint for AI adoption that retail managers, executives, founders, entrepreneurs, board members, and other business leaders have been waiting for.

关键词： Databases   Cryptography   Cloud computing   Computer science   Query processing   Protocols   Outsourcing   Secure skyline queries   encrypted databases   secure outsourcing   cloud computing  

摘要： The well-known benefits of cloud computing have spurred the popularity of database service outsourcing, where one can resort to the cloud to conveniently store and query databases. Coming with such popular trend is the threat to data privacy, as the cloud gains access to the databases and queries which may contain sensitive information, like medical or financial data. A large body of work has been presented for querying encrypted databases, which has been mostly focused on secure keyword search. In this paper, we instead focus on the support for secure skyline query processing over encrypted outsourced databases, where little work has been done. Skyline query is an advanced kind of database query which is important for multi-criteria decision-making systems and applications. We propose SecSkyline, a new system framework building on lightweight cryptography for fast privacy-preserving skyline queries. SecSkyline ambitiously provides strong protection for not only the content confidentiality of the outsourced database, the query, and the result, but also for data patterns that may incur indirect data leakages, such as dominance relationships among data points and search access patterns. Extensive experiments demonstrate that SecSkyline is substantially superior to the state-of-the-art in query latency, with up to $813\times$813x improvement.

关键词： Internet of Things   Smart cities   Privacy   Switches   Distribution functions   Computer science   Wearable computers   IoT   privacy-preservation   differential privacy   distribution   SDN  

摘要： In today's world, everything is connected via the Internet. Smart cities are one application of the Internet of Things (IoT) that is aimed at making city management more efficient and effective. However, IoT devices within a smart city may collect sensitive information. Protecting sensitive information requires maintaining privacy. Existing smart city solutions have been shown not to offer effective privacy protection. We propose a novel continuous method called Differential Privacy-Preserving Smart City (DPSmartCity). When the IoT device produces sensitive data, it applies differential privacy techniques as a privacy-preserving method that uses Laplace distributions or exponential distributions. The controller receives the perturbed data and forwards it to the SDN. SDN controllers eventually send the data to the cloud for further analysis. Accordingly, if the data is not sensitive, it is directly uploaded to the cloud. In this way, DPSmartCity provides a dynamic environment from the point of view of privacy preservation. As a result, adversaries are unable to easily compromise the privacy of the devices. The solution incurs at most 10-18% overhead on IoT devices. Our solution can therefore be used for IoT devices that are capable of handling this overhead.

关键词： Drones   Supply chains   Task analysis   Optimization   Computer science   Industries   STEM   Monitoring   Logistics   Algorithms   delivery   drones   logistics   monitoring   supply chain   path-select   optimization  

摘要： The integration of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and location-tracking technologies has revolutionized our daily lives by enhancing the functionality of logistical services. However, these advancements have also placed significant pressure on the current supply networks and have impeded further growth within the logistics industry. This article presents an inventive logistic supply chain solution utilizing drone-based delivery to tackle the logistic supply chain issues. The proposed solution goal is to minimize the maximum required time to finish all assigned delivery tasks. A set of sophisticated algorithms was developed based on the combination of dispatching rule, randomization, and iterative methods to optimize the performance of the supply chain processes and effectively accomplish the aim of time savings. The deployed system enables the management of a larger volume of shipments and increases the efficiency of logistic supply chain management. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms can decrease the maximum duration required to complete the delivery operations assigned to the drones in 1520 cases. The algorithm that exhibited the highest level of performance was the MID algorithm, which attained a staggering percentage of 87.7%, an average deviation from the optimal solution of 0.001, and an execution time of 0.0215 s. Moreover, after comparing their outputs, the MID algorithm was determined to outperform the top two algorithms in the literature.

关键词： Task analysis   Image coding   Adaptation models   Encoding   Computer science   Transformers   Semantics   Change captioning   representation disentanglement   viewpoint-adaptive   position-embedded representation learning  

摘要： Change captioning is to describe the fine-grained change between a pair of images. The pseudo changes caused by viewpoint changes are the most typical distractors in this task, because they lead to the feature perturbation and shift for the same objects and thus overwhelm the real change representation. In this paper, we propose a viewpoint-adaptive representation disentanglement network to distinguish real and pseudo changes, and explicitly capture the features of change to generate accurate captions. Concretely, a position-embedded representation learning is devised to facilitate the model in adapting to viewpoint changes via mining the intrinsic properties of two image representations and modeling their position information. To learn a reliable change representation for decoding into a natural language sentence, an unchanged representation disentanglement is designed to identify and disentangle the unchanged features between the two position-embedded representations. Extensive experiments show that the proposed method achieves the state-of-the-art performance on the four public datasets. The code is available at https://***/tuyunbin/VARD.

ISBN: (纸本)9781684484393;9781684484423

摘要： Who are the Black heroines of Latin America and the Caribbean?Where do we turn for models of transcendence among women of Africanancestry in the region? In answ...