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关键词： 智能化建筑   风险处理   投资管理   计算机技术  

摘要： 由于智能化建筑工程建设理念新颖、投资巨大、技术复杂以及参与者甚广,不确定与不可预见的因素较多,若不加以有效防范和控制,常常会导致事故频发,产生极其严重的后果,因此行业内认为,智能化建筑的建造过程是一项高风险不断出现的过程。如果对智能化建造过程中的各项风险重视不够、准备不足,未进行有效管控或应对,很可能影响智能化建筑建造的顺利进行,甚至会酿成难以挽回的严重后果。文章以智能化建筑的建设及建筑管理为例,结合计算机科学与技术,探究大数据背景下的智能化建筑管理对策,并提出计算机技术在智能化建筑中的创新应用方式。

关键词： Mathematics   Task analysis   Neural networks   Differential equations   Machine learning   Mathematical models   Cognitive science   Differential equation   mathematical foundations of computer science   neural network   summer project   threshold concept  

摘要： Contribution: Using threshold concepts as the framework for curriculum design, a project on neural network methods for solving differential equations is presented, with a rich set of transformative concepts from mathematics and computer science. Projects of this kind complement a typical curriculum with expertise that is crucial for critique and fundamental development of modern machine learning. Background: The curricula of many schools of mathematics and computer science present a relatively shallow introduction to the other subject. Student projects, on the other hand, provide an effective environment for interdisciplinary research between the two disciplines. Intended Outcomes: Providing students from computer science and mathematics the opportunity to obtain a deeper understanding and appreciation of the other subject, beyond the confines of the school curriculum. Application Design: The project contains tasks that require acquisition, not just of knowledge, but also of effective strategies and mental models, relevant to a set of transformative concepts from both disciplines. The tasks require a spectrum of activities, ranging from rigorous theoretical work to coding. Findings: Although the theory of threshold concepts needs further development, the existing paradigms provide a helpful framework for curriculum design. The continuous formative assessment proved effective in monitoring the participants' journeys through the liminal state.

关键词： Mashups   Correlation   Steiner trees   Software   Computer science   Telecommunications   Switches   Application programming interface (API) compositions   diversity   popularity   recommendation  

摘要： The ever-increasing web application programming interfaces (APIs) in various service-sharing communities (e.g., *** and ***) have enabled software developers to quickly create their interested mashups conveniently and economically. However, the big volume of candidate web APIs and their differences often make it hard for software developers to discover a set of appropriate web APIs for mashup creation by considering API functions and API quality performances (e.g., popularity, compatibility, and diversity) simultaneously. These decrease the mashup development success rate and the mashup developers' satisfaction significantly. In view of these challenges, a novel web APIs' recommendation method named the popularity-aware and diverse method of web API compositions' recommendation (PD-WACR) is proposed in this article. In concrete, we model web APIs' functions, popularity, and compatibility with an API correlation graph. Afterward, correlation graph-based web APIs' recommendation is performed with popularity and compatibility guarantee. Moreover, a top-k strategy is adopted in the recommendation process, so as to diversify the final recommended web APIs' results. Finally, massive experiments are carried out on a real-world web API dataset crawled from ***. Experimental comparisons with related methods show the advantages and innovations of the proposed PD-WACR method.

关键词： Digital computers   Industries   Computer science   Missiles   Airplanes   Numerical analysis   Buildings  

摘要： In the mid-1940s, a differential analyzer and an electronic digital computer acquired by UCLA made large-scale computing available to staff and students there and in surrounding industries. To serve these users, the university fostered both new professional organizations and pioneering curricula in what would later be called computer science.

关键词： occupational therapy   machine learning   rehabilitation   special education   education   social sciences   computer applications   computer science  

摘要： In the evaluation of engagement in occupation, it is important to access the qualitative data, including the client context. However, there are no tools capable of quantifying such data. The purpose of this study is to develop a Classifier of Engagement in Occupation with Machine Learning (CEOML) that is capable of quantifying context and evaluating engagement in occupation through the application of Natural Language Processing (NLP) and to validate the model performance. A supervised machine learning approach was adopted in this study for the development of clinical artificial intelligence, and it was conducted based on the Minimum Information about Clinical Artificial Intelligence Modeling. The research object was the Twitter data comprising 1,542 tweets posted over a one-week period, beginning on April 1, 2020. Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers, an NLP model, was fine-tuned to learn a dataset labeled for the status of engagement in occupation. The model performance was validated using indicators (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, F-measure, and area under the curve of receiver operating characteristic curve), Cohen's weighted kappa coefficient, and the attention level of the model to the text. The CEOML demonstrated suitable model performance, on par with the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure. High interpretability of the CEOML was also confirmed based on its level of attention. The developed CEOML can quantify and classify problems of engagement in occupation based on the client context.

关键词： computer simulations   virtual simulations   science instruction   unsupervised learning   independent learning  

摘要： Today, computer-based simulations are widely used in a range of industries and fields for various purposes. They are helpful in testing different scenarios and hypotheses, allowing users to explore the consequences of different decisions and actions. This study aimed to explore the university students' attitudes and experiences of using simulations to facilitate their unsupervised (without teachers' support) learning of science concepts. This study involved 566 university students who used online simulations so support their unsupervised learning of science content in physics, chemistry, math, earth science, and biology. The data collected via a cross-sectional survey were analyzed using parametric statistics. The participants of the study showed a high -level of engagement and satisfaction with the use of simulations for unsupervised science learning, suggesting that computer-based simulations have the potential to serve as a user-centered learning interface capable of engaging university students without the teachers' support. This study did not find a gender-based divide in the students' experiences. Participants' independent learning abilities were found to have a significant positive influence on their satisfaction and engagement. The results of this study have theoretical and practical implications for science learning beyond classroom walls.

关键词： Stars   variables   RR Lyrae   Shock wave   Python   Computer science   Software development   Technique   spectroscopic  

摘要： Recently we have carried out a campaign of measurements of variable star spectra at the Oukaimeden observatory since 2013. To analyze thousands of spectra, we developed a graphical interface using *** spectroscopic study of variable stars is based on the acquisition of data in the observatory, and their storage in Fits files. We treat this data digitally to make them exploitable and graphically representable, for this purpose we use special software or scripts developed by astrophysicists. To facilitate analysis and meet our needs, we developed a graphical interface using Python and used the Tkinter module to represent our spectroscopic data graphically. This interface can plot figures of our spectra in 1D curve, and as a superposition in 1D and 2D. Thus, this interface can determine the necessary parameters in the spectroscopic study of short-period variable stars;such as the pulsation phases, the Blazhko phase, the correction for the heliocentric velocity, etc. Moreover, we can use this interface to convert the pre-treated Fits files into text files as well as to create Excel tables containing the calculated parameters. This interface is easy and fast to use and can provide high-quality *** exploiting the potential of this graphical interface, we were able to carry out a study of the influence of the Blazhko effect on the Van Hoof effect which occurs between the metallic lines FeI lambda 4920.509 angstrom and FeII lambda 4923.921 angstrom in RR Lyr.(c) 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

摘要： Dieser Artikel ist der zweite einer Viererreihe, die eine Diskussion über die Grundlagen der Informatik anregen soll. In ihm wird die Interaktion zwischen Systemen und die Koordination innerhalb von Systemen mithilfe des Kompositionskonzepts thematisiert. Dabei wird, basierend auf zwei unterschiedlichen Kompositionen, eine strukturelle von einer interaktionsorientierten Perspektive unterschieden. Einerseits die hierarchische, homogene Komposition, die Systeme als Ganzes erfasst und zur Bildung von Supersystemen und damit zu einer strukturellen Teil-Ganzes-Relation führt. Sie basiert auf den Kompositionsregeln berechenbarer Funktionen. Andererseits eine inhomogene Komposition, die Systeme nur partiell im Sinne einer Projektion erfasst, die „Rolle“ genannt wird und zu vergleichsweise loser Kopplung in Form von Protokollen führt. Diese beiden Kompositionsklassen sind die Basis für ein zweidimensionales Strukturmodell einer IT-Applikation entlang der grundsätzlichen Idee des OSI-Modells, in dem die Vertikale die Teil-Ganzes-Relation und die Horizontale die Interaktionsrelation repräsentiert. Die Nichtdeterminiertheit der Rollen ist eine notwendige Voraussetzung zum einen für eine weitere Komposition, nämlich mehrerer Rollen eines Systems zu koordinieren – das konstruktive Gegenstück zur Projektion eines Systems auf seine Interaktion. Und zum anderen lässt die Nichtdeterminiertheit den Beteiligten einer protokollbasierten Interaktion Entscheidungsspielraum. Mithilfe von Entscheidungen lassen sich Rollen determinieren. Dies zeigt die enge Verwandtschaft des Protokollkonzepts mit dem Konzept des Spiels.

关键词： Artificial intelligence   Experiential learning platform   AI   Data science   Qualitative research  

摘要： Artificial intelligence (AI) has been widely adopted in higher education. However, the current research on AI in higher education is limited lacking both breadth and depth. The present study fills the research gap by exploring faculty members' perception on teaching AI and data science related courses facilitated by an open experiential AI platform. Specifically, two focus groups are conducted among computer science and non-computer science faculty members to gauge their perception on the integration of AI in an experiential learning platform to teach data science, as well as their perception on AI powered data science curriculum in higher education. Findings reveal three major themes which are defining data science, assembling interdisciplinary teams, and building platform for connection. The study has both theoretical and practical implications.