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关键词： Computer Science   Mathematics & Statistics   Medicine, Dentistry, Nursing & Allied Health   MathML  

ISBN: (数字)9788770228305 ISBN: (纸本)9788770228312

摘要： Infectious diseases are leading threats and are of highest risk to the human population globally. Over the last two years, we saw the transmission of Covid-19. Millions of people died, and also forced to live with a disability. Mathematical models are effective tools that enable analyzing relevant information, simulate the related process and evaluate beneficial results. They can help to make rational decisions towards a healthy society. Formulation of mathematical models for a pollution-free environment is also very important for society. To determine the system which can be modelled, we need to formulate the basic context of the model underlying some necessary assumptions. This describes our beliefs in terms of the mathematical language of how the world functions. This book addresses issues during the Covid phase and post-Covid phase. It analyzes transmission, impact of coinfections, and vaccination as a control or to decrease the intensity of infection. It also talks about the violence and unemployment problems occurring during the post-Covid period. This book will help societal stakeholders to resume normality slowly and steadily.

关键词： Visualization   Graph drawing   Task analysis   Edge computing   Computer science   Minimization   Directed graphs   User centered design   Hierarchical graph drawing   edge bundling   experimental results   user study  

摘要： We present a detailed hierarchical graph drawing technique that is based on the Path Based Framework (PBF). Extensive edge bundling is applied to draw all edges of the graph and the height of the drawing is minimized using compaction. We present experimental results and a user study for hierarchical drawings of graphs that show the usefulness of the new drawing technique. The drawings produced by the new framework are compared to drawings produced by the well known Sugiyama framework in terms of area, number of bends, number of crossings, and execution time. The new algorithm runs very fast and produces drawings that are readable and more efficient in terms of area and number of bends. Furthermore, since there are advantages (and disadvantages) to both frameworks, we performed a user study. The results show that the drawings produced by the new framework are well received in terms of clarity, readability, and usability. Hence, the new technique offers an interesting alternative to drawing hierarchical graphs, and is especially useful in applications where user defined paths are important and need to be highlighted.

关键词： Industries   Visualization   Codes   Affordances   Evolutionary computation   Design tools   Artificial intelligence  

摘要： Science plays a crucial role in engineering. But science tends to be obscure to students, especially when they are overwhelmed by complex engineering design challenges that involve many variables. This article shows how computer graphics can be used to visualize science concepts and operationalize inquiry practices in engineering design to support integrated learning and teaching of science and engineering. Based on these graphical capabilities, generative design driven by evolutionary computation can also be visually illustrated to give students a glimpse into how artificial intelligence is transforming engineering design. The article provides real-world examples in the field of sustainable energy engineering based on Aladdin, an open-source design and analysis Web app. It also presents evidence of learning from pilot tests at culturally diverse high schools. Science educators interested in incorporating engineering design into their lesson plans may find this article helpful.

关键词： Learning systems   Task analysis   Telecommunications   Solid modeling   Q-learning   Computer science   Classification algorithms   Reinforcement learning   Anticipatory learning classifier systems   experience replay   OpenAI gym   reinforcement learning  

摘要： Deep reinforcement learning with Experience Replay (ER), including Deep Q-Network (DQN), has been used to solve many multi-step learning problems. However, in practice, DQN algorithms need better explainability, which limits their applicability in many scenarios. While we can consider DQN as a black-box model, the Learning Classifier Systems (LCSs), including anticipatory versions, also solve multi-step problems, but their operation is subject to interpretation. It seems promising to combine the properties of these two learning approaches. The paper describes an attempt to design and evaluate modification to the Experience Replay extension of the anticipatory classifier system ACS2. The modification is named Episode-based Experience Replay (EER), and its main premise is to replay entire episodes instead of single experience samples. Promising results affirmed by Bayes estimations are obtained on multi-step problems, albeit limited to deterministic and discrete tasks. The experimental results show that the EER extension significantly improves the ACS2's learning capabilities.

关键词： Metaheuristics   Benchmark testing   Computer science   Convergence   Silicon   Search problems   Particle swarm optimization   Opposition-based learning   optimization   swarm intelligence   INDEX TERMS   meta-heuristic  

摘要： Meta-heuristics are commonly applied to solve various global optimization problems. In order to make the meta-heuristics performing a global search, balancing their exploration and exploration ability is still an open avenue. This manuscript proposes a novel Opposition-based learning scheme, called "PCOBL" (Partial Centroid Opposition-based Learning), inspired by the partial centroid. PCOBL aims to improve meta-heuristics performance through maintaining an effective balance between the exploration and exploitation. PCOBL was incorporated in three different meta-heuristics, and a comparative study was conducted on 28 CEC2013 benchmark problems with 30, 50, and 100 dimensions. In addition, we assessed the PCOBL in the IEEE CEC2011 real-world problems. The empirical results demonstrate that PCOBL balances the exploration and exploitation ability of the meta-heuristics, positively impacting their performance and making them outperform the state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of best-error runs and convergence in most of the optimization problems. Moreover, the computational cost analysis illustrated that the inclusion of PCOBL in the meta-heuristic algorithm has a low impact on its efficiency.

关键词： Effective e-learning   Gamification   Learner participation   LMS   ODL  

摘要： Purpose: The purpose of the case study is to investigate the perception of computer science learners at Krishna Kanta Handiqui State Open University (KKHSOU) regarding the use of gamification and to identify the challenges in implementing gamified teaching-learning processes in open and distance learning (ODL) institutions. Design/methodology/approach: The case study was carried out by observing the views of the learners on the use of gamification in distance learning and studying the participation level of computer science learners before and after the gamification environment was added to a specific topic through the learning management system (LMS). The pre-game and post-game effects on learners' participation against various factors using t-tests were also investigated in this study. Findings: The study reveals that gamification had a positive and highly significant influence on the learners' participation and engagement in the e-content provided via the LMS. The post-gamification mean score (5.62) was higher than the pre-gamification mean score (2.36), and the overall paired t-test (5.301) value was significant at the 1% level of significance. Some of the challenges faced during the study were communication with the learner, lack of technical skills of the learner, duration of study, etc. Originality/value: This study will help in understanding the perception and effect of gamification on computer science learners in ODL mode in India. The study succeeded in demonstrating that the use of gamified elements results in increased learner participation. © 2023, Antara Mahanta Barua and Sruti Sruba Bharali.

关键词： Computer engineering   Computer science   Information science   Social research   Statistics  

摘要： With the growth of online banking, there has been a rise in identity theft and other cybercrimes. What is missing in the current published literature is how historical identity theft victim's data and supervised machine learning can create an identity theft prediction model to detect and prevent future identity theft by using historical data. The purpose of the design science quantitative-focused study was to explore the public records of identity theft victims in the United States from 2016, grouping them by the number of victims and type of identity theft. The method was suitable for this study because the nonexperimental research designs deal with comparative data sets, whereas experimental techniques do not. The research philosophy that this study followed is ontology. Ontology is used to answer the question if a single reality exists within a research study in the case of this study the question outcome is yes supervised machine learning can be used to successfully create an identity theft prediction model to detect and prevent future identity theft by using historical victim data in the United States or no supervised machine learning cannot be used to successfully create an identity theft prediction model to detect and prevent future identity theft by using historical victim data in the United States. The literature review consisted of online financial transactions, anomaly detection, and fraud prevention since these topics were the prime focus of the study.

关键词： engineering education   instructors   diversity  

摘要： In this study, we use the EPIC-I (exposure, persuasion, identification, commitment, and implementation) framework as a lens for viewing instructor perceptions of including diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) activities in engineering and computer science undergraduate courses. The results provided evidence of three findings: (a) evidence existed of faculty participation at all levels of EPIC-I, (b) in moving through the EPIC-I framework, the evidence became scanter, and (c) although both groups were small, approximately equal numbers of participants were openly negative as were actively implementing additional DEI supporting activities in their classes. Implications and future work are discussed.

关键词： Visualization   Headphones   Cameras   Lighting   Image quality   Telepresence   Computer science   Extended reality   Photorealism   Head-mounted displays   head mounted displays   photorealism   visualization  

摘要： Virtual Reality headsets have evolved to include unprecedented display quality. Meantime, they have become light-weight, wireless and low-cost, which has opened to new applications and a much wider audience. Photo-based omnidirectional imaging has also developed, becoming directly exploitable for VR, with their combination proven suitable for: remote visits and realistic scene reconstruction, operator's training and control panels, surveillance and e-tourism. There is however a limited amount of scientific work assessing VR experience and user's performance in photo-based environment representations. This paper focuses on assessing the effect of photographic realism in VR when observing real places through a VR headset, for two different pixel-densities of the display, environment types and familiarity levels. Our comparison relies on the observation of static three-dimensional and omnidirectional photorealistic views of environments. The aim is to gain an insight about how photographic texture can affect perceived realness, sense of presence and provoked emotions, as well as perception of image-lighting and actual space dimension (true-dimension). Two user studies are conducted based on subjective rating and measurements given by users to a number of display and human factors. The display pixel-density affected the perceived image-lighting and prevailed over better lighting specs. The environment illumination and distance to objects generally played a stronger role than display. The environment affected the perceived image-lighting, spatial presence, depth impression and specific emotions. Distances to a set of objects were generally accurately estimated. Place familiarity enhanced perceived realism and presence. They confirmed some previous studies, but also introduced new elements.