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关键词： Computer science   Engineering   Machine learning   Technology  

摘要： Collecting training data by focusing on dangerous scenarios offers an efficient way for artificial intelligence to improve the safety of autonomous vehicles. Augmented reality allows the approach to be tested without risking lives. AI tests self-driving vehicles by collating dangerous scenarios.

关键词： Computer science   Industry   Society   Software  

摘要： A virtual world filled with bad AI drivers can be used to test autonomous vehicles.

关键词： Computer science   Information technology  

摘要： Recent advances in artificial intelligence technology have significantly improved facial image manipulation, which is known as Deepfake. Facial image manipulation synthesizes or replaces a region of the face in an image with that of another face. The techniques for facial image manipulation are classified into four categories: (1) entire face synthesis, (2) identity swap, (3) attribute manipulation, and (4) expression swap. Out of them, we focus on expression swap because it effectively manipulates only the expression of the face in the images or videos without creating or replacing the entire face, having advantages for the real-time application. In this study, we propose an evaluation framework of the expression swap models targeting the real-time online class environments. For this, we define three kinds of scenarios according to the portion of the face in the entire image considering actual online class situations: (1) attendance check (Scenario 1), (2) presentation (Scenario 2), and (3) examination (Scenario 3). Considering the manipulation on the online class environments, the framework receives a single source image and a target video and generates the video that manipulates a face of the target video to that in the source image. To this end, we select two models that satisfy the conditions required by the framework: (1) first order model and (2) GANimation. We implement these models in the framework and evaluate their performance for the defined scenarios. Through the quantitative and qualitative evaluation, we observe distinguishing properties of the used two models. Specifically, both models show acceptable results in Scenario 1, where the face occupies a large portion of the image. However, their performances are significantly degraded in Scenarios 2 and 3, where the face occupies less portion of the image;the first order model causes relatively less loss of image quality than GANimation in the result of the quantitative evaluation. In contrast, GANimatio

关键词： Neuroscience   Computer science  

摘要： Neuroscience has long been an essential driver of progress in artificial intelligence (AI). We propose that to accelerate progress in AI, we must invest in fundamental research in NeuroAI. A core component of this is the embodied Turing test, which challenges AI animal models to interact with the sensorimotor world at skill levels akin to their living counterparts. The embodied Turing test shifts the focus from those capabilities like game playing and language that are especially well-developed or uniquely human to those capabilities - inherited from over 500 million years of evolution - that are shared with all animals. Building models that can pass the embodied Turing test will provide a roadmap for the next generation of AI.

关键词： Authentication   Vehicular ad hoc networks   Security   Protocols   Public key   Privacy   Computer science   certificateless signature   provable security   revocation   vehicular ad hoc network (VANET)  

摘要： In the vehicular ad hoc network (VANET), the communication between the vehicle and other nodes is performed in an open channel, which puts forward the requirements for its privacy security and message integrity. Most previous protocols either frequently verify identities before accepting traffic information or do not involve identity revocation mechanisms, and they may assume that third parties are fully trusted. To further solve the above problem, a certificateless-based anonymous and revocable authentication protocol for vehicle-to-vehicle communications is proposed in this article. Our construction separates the identity authentication process from the traffic message verification, which not only avoids the disadvantage of a frequent identity revocation list (IRL) checking but also reduces the overhead in communication and message authentication. These features can make "identity authentication once, broadcast efficiency " really happen. In addition, since our authentication process is based on certificateless signature, it can resist malicious key generation centers (KGCs) and road-side units (RSUs), which is very necessary for privacy-sensitive application scenarios. Finally, the performance analyses show that our proposal is superior to the existing schemes in terms of authentication speed and communication overhead.

关键词： Computer Science   Computer Forensics   Cybersecurity   Malware Detection   Fileless Malware Prevention  

摘要： The rapid advancements in cyber-attack strategies are in parallel with the measures for detection, analysis, and prevention. Attackers have recently developed fileless malware that can simply bypass existing security mech-anisms. Researchers publish reports to help discover fileless malware and to better understand the threat's scope to counteract it. However, with the lack of studies on fileless malware regarding the classification and the scale of the threat, they have not been thoroughly analyzed. As a result, in this research, we explored the most recent advancements in fileless malware prevention and detection and highlighted future research challenges. We also propose an analytical approach based on the attack strategies and attributes of the selected sample. Our method simplifies feature extraction and reduces processing load. Furthermore, compared to the static analysis we do not need for decompression and unpacking for the analysis. We applied the proposed method on a real case example. It has been seen that information about fileless malware detection, working mechanism, attack method and attacker named "Kovter" can be accessed. Our approach is advantageous and can be applied as a new technique for fileless malware detection to protect systems from cyber threats. This paper also presents an insight to the fileless malware threat and provides a basic review of the methods and techniques used in the detection and analysis of fileless malware attacks.

关键词： Task analysis   Internet of Things   Cloud computing   Computer science   Computational modeling   Topology   System performance   Auction mechanism   dependent tasks   edge cloud   Internet of Things (IoT) users   task offloading  

摘要： The rapid proliferation of latency-sensitive Internet of Things (IoT) applications boosts the frequency of offloading compute-intensive tasks from IoT users to mobile edge computing (MEC) due to the limitation resources of IoT devices. It is inevitably for IoT users to compete for the computing resources of the MEC, especially when the computation tasks are dependent and have hard deadline constraints. However, most existing dependent task offloading schemes may not well consider the resource competition issues among IoT users, and possibly lead to limited system performance in multiuser scenario. To address this issue, we intend to design an auction-based dependent task-offloading mechanism to improve the efficiency of task offloading for multiple IoT users. First, we formulate the dependent task offloading as a valuation maximization problem in the trade of computing resources satisfying users' latency requirements, which has been proved to be NP-hard. Then, by jointly considering the task graph structure and the current status of the MEC, we propose a truthful auction mechanism, named greedy winner selection strategy, in which a heuristic dependent task assignment for winners is designed to improve the efficiency of the task offloading. By conducting extensive simulations, we validate that the performance of the proposed dependent task offloading strategy is superior to existing competition algorithms, in terms of total valuations, average makespans, and success rates.

关键词： Students  

摘要： Modern society is diverse, multicultural, and multifaceted. Because of these characteristics, we are currently observing an increase in the debates about equity, diversity, and inclusion in different areas, especially because several groups of individuals are underrepresented in many environments. In computer science and software engineering, it seems counterintuitive that these areas, which are responsible for creating technological solutions and systems for billions of users around the world, do not reflect the diversity of the society to which it serves. In trying to solve this diversity crisis in the software industry, researchers started to investigate strategies that can be applied to increase diversity and improve inclusion in academia and the software industry. However, the lack of diversity in computer science and related courses, including software engineering, is still a problem, in particular when some specific groups are considered. LGBTQIA+ students, for instance, face several challenges to fit into technology courses, even though most students in universities right now belong to Generation Z, which is described as open-minded to aspects of gender and sexuality. In this study, we aimed to discuss the state-of-art of publications about the inclusion of LGBTQIA+ students in computer science education. Using a mapping study, we identified eight studies published in the past six years that focused on this public. We present strategies developed to adapt curricula and lectures to be more inclusive to LGBTQIA+ students and discuss challenges and opportunities for future research. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Students  

摘要： Involving integrated development environments (IDEs) in introductory-level (CS1) programming courses is critical. However, it is difficult for instructors to find a suitable IDE that is beginner friendly and supports strong functionality. In this paper, we report the experience of using Visual Studio Code (VS Code) in a CS1 programming course. We describe our motivation for choosing VS Code and how we introduce it to students. We create comprehensive guidance with hierarchical indexing to help students with diverse programming backgrounds. We perform an experimental evaluation of students’ programming experience of using VS Code and validate the VS Code together with guidance as a promising solution for CS1 programming courses. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.