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关键词： Commerce  

摘要： the rapid growth of technology and computer science, which has led to a surge in demand for skilled professionals in this field. The skill set required for computer science jobs has evolved rapidly, creating challenges for those already in the workforce who need to adapt their skills quickly to meet industry demands. To stay ahead of the curve, it is essential to understand the hottest skills needed in the field. The article introduces a new method for analyzing job advertisements using social network analysis to identify the most critical skills required by employers in the market. In this research, to form the communication network of skills, first 5763 skills were collected from the LinkedIn social network, then the relationship between skills was collected and searched in 7777 computer science job advertisements, and finally, the balanced communication network of skills was formed. The study analyzes the formed communication network of skills in the computer science job market and identifies four distinct communities of skills: Generalists, Infrastructure and Security, Software Development, and Embedded Systems. The findings reveal that employers value both hard and soft skills, such as programming languages and teamwork. Communication skills were found to be the most important skill in the labor market. Additionally, certain skills were highlighted based on their centrality indices, including communication, English, SQL, Git, and business skills, among others. The study provides valuable insights into the current state of the computer science job market and can help guide individuals and organizations in making informed decisions about skills acquisition and hiring practices. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Computer science   Policy   Technology   Society  

摘要： A guide to how China, the EU and the US are reining in artificial intelligence.

摘要： Objective. To analyze the interaction of positive coping style and quality of life (QoL) between survivors of pancreatic cancer and their family caregivers based on the Conceptual Framework of Caring Experience of Cancer Family and Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM). Methods. This study adopted a cross-sectional design that selected 200 pairs of survivors of pancreatic cancer and their family caregivers hospitalized in the First and Second Afliated Hospitals of Nanjing Medical University from August 2020 to February 2021. Survivors of pancreatic cancer and their family caregivers completed Simple Coping Style Questionnaire and 12-item Short-Form Health Survey, whose results successfully built an APIM model. Results. The spousal relationship was the most common type of dyadic relationship. Family caregivers had higher levels of positive coping and QoL than cancer survivors. In terms of actor effects, the positive coping style of both survivors and caregivers significantly affected individual total scores of QoL and personal physical and psychological dimensions of QoL. As for the partner effects, the positive coping style of both survivors and caregivers significantly impacted their partners' total QoL scores and the positive coping style of survivors significantly impacted their caregivers' psychological level of QoL. Conclusions. The positive coping style of survivors of pancreatic cancer affects both their own QoL and their partner's QoL. Examining mutual effects between coping styles and QoL among survivors and their informal caregivers is an essential first step in providing comprehensive and cooperative care. The study has been reviewed by the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, and registration information has been sent to the central database of the World Health Organization International Clinical Trial Registration Platform for global retrieval. This trial is registered with ChiCTR2300074087.

关键词： Semantics  

摘要： Preprints play an increasingly critical role in academic communities. There are many reasons driving researchers to post their manuscripts to preprint servers before formal submission to journals or conferences, but the use of preprints has also sparked considerable controversy, especially surrounding the claim of priority. In this paper, a case study of computer science preprints submitted to arXiv from 2008 to 2017 is conducted to quantify how many preprints have eventually been printed in peer-reviewed venues. Among those published manuscripts, some are published under different titles and without an update to their preprints on arXiv. In the case of these manuscripts, the traditional fuzzy matching method is incapable of mapping the preprint to the final published version. In view of this issue, we introduce a semantics-based mapping method with the employment of Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT). With this new mapping method and a plurality of data sources, we find that 66% of all sampled preprints are published under unchanged titles and 11% are published under different titles and with other modifications. A further analysis was then performed to investigate why these preprints but not others were accepted for publication. Our comparison reveals that in the field of computer science, published preprints feature adequate revisions, multiple authorship, detailed abstract and introduction, extensive and authoritative references and available source code. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Computational science   Computer science  

摘要： Drone swarms can achieve tasks via collaboration that are impossible for single drones alone. Synthetic aperture (SA) sensing is a signal processing technique that takes measurements from limited size sensors and computationally combines the data to mimic sensor apertures of much greater widths. Here we use SA sensing and propose an adaptive real-time particle swarm optimization (PSO) strategy for autonomous drone swarms to detect and track occluded targets in densely forested areas. Simulation results show that our approach achieved a maximum target visibility of 72% within 14 seconds. In comparison, blind sampling strategies resulted in only 51% visibility after 75 seconds and 19% visibility in 3 seconds for sequential brute force sampling and parallel sampling respectively. Our approach provides fast and reliable detection of occluded targets, and demonstrates the feasibility and efficiency of using swarm drones for search and rescue in areas that are not easily accessed by humans, such as forests and disaster sites.

关键词： Black olives   Dry-salted olives   Yeasts   Rep-PCR   RFLP   Amplicon target sequencing  

摘要： In the present study, the physicochemical (pH, water activity, moisture content, salt concentration) classical plate counts (total viable counts, yeasts, lactic acid bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas spp., Entero-bacteriaceae) and amplicon sequencing of naturally black dry-salted olives obtained from different retail outlets of the Greek market were investigated. According to the results, the values of the physicochemical characteristics presented great variability among the samples. Specifically, pH and water activity (aw) values ranged between 4.0 and 5.0, as well as between 0.58 and 0.91, respectively. Moisture content varied between 17.3 and 56.7 % (g H2 Omicron/100 g of olive pulp), whereas salt concentration ranged from 5.26 to 9.15 % (g NaCl/100 g of olive pulp). No lactic acid bacteria, S. aureus, Pseudomonas spp. and Enterobacteriaceae were detected. The mycobiota con-sisted of yeasts that were further characterized and identified by culture-dependent (rep-PCR, ITS-PCR, and RFLP) and amplicon target sequencing (ATS). Pichia membranifaciens, Candida sorbosivorans, Citeromyces nyon-sensis, Candida etchelsii, Wickerhamomyces subpelliculosus, Candida apicola, Wickerhamomyces anomalus, Tor-ulaspora delbrueckii and Candida versatilis were the dominant species according to ITS sequencing (culture-dependent), while ATS revealed the dominance of C. etchelsii, Pichia triangularis, P. membranifaciens, and C. versatilis among samples. The results of this study demonstrated considerable variability in quality attributes among the different commercial samples of dry-salted olives, reflecting a lack of standardization in the pro-cessing of this commercial style. However, the majority of the samples were characterized by satisfactory microbiological and hygienic quality and complied with the requirements of the trade standard for table olives of the International Olive Council (IOC) for this processing style in terms of salt concentration. In addition, the diver

关键词： Aircraft engines  

摘要： Remaining useful life (RUL) prediction for aircraft engines plays a critical role in the aviation industry. Although deep learning-based RUL prediction methods have achieved unprecedented success, they still have some limitations on prediction performance in terms of (1) the spatio-temporal dependencies of sensors have not been discovered. (2) the multiscale features constructed for capturing long-term dependencies fail to be treated differently. To break through these limitations, an interactive spatio-temporal feature fusion network (ISTFFN) is proposed for RUL prediction of aircraft engines. In the ISTFFN, multiscale discrete wavelet transformation is first developed for multiscale subseries set construction. Then, a multiscale spatio-temporal feature extraction module is proposed to mine spatio-temporal dependencies from constructed multiscale subseries set, and a versatile fusion strategy is designed to integrate multiscale spatio-temporal features in homo and hetero scale for RUL prediction. The effectiveness of the ISTFFN is validated on a prognostic benchmarking dataset of aircraft engines. Experimental results demonstrate that the ISTFFN can achieve more accurate RUL prediction than existing state-of-the-art algorithms. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： 黑水虻   肠道微生物   饲料   养殖   工业化  

摘要： 黑水虻幼虫(black soldier fly larvae)含有粗蛋白、氨基酸、脂肪和微量元素等营养物质,可以在动物饲养中部分甚至全部替代豆粕和鱼粉,是解决动物饲料行业蛋白质短缺最经济安全的措施。为了满足昆虫蛋白饲料的需求,黑水虻工业化养殖已经成为趋势。黑水虻幼虫不同饲养基质和饲养环境是其规模化养殖的限制性因素。文章就黑水虻肠道菌群特点和其对工业化养殖水平的影响因素进行论述,为进一步提高黑水虻工业化养殖效率提供思路和参考。

关键词： 多源传感监测   剩余寿命预测   数模联动   退化建模   线性随机模型  

摘要： 随着先进传感与监测技术的快速发展,实时获取随机退化设备的多源传感监测数据已成为现实,如何有效融合多源传感监测数据以实现随机退化设备剩余寿命的精准预测成为剩余寿命预测领域的研究前沿。针对多源传感监测的线性随机退化设备,提出了一种考虑随机失效阈值的数模联动剩余寿命预测新方法。该方法在离线训练过程中,基于多源传感历史数据提取的复合健康指标及据此线性随机退化建模预测的寿命,构建综合寿命预测值与设备实际寿命的均方误差及寿命预测方差的优化目标函数,形成复合健康指标提取与随机退化建模的反馈闭环,对多源传感器融合系数和复合健康指标对应的随机失效阈值分布参数进行优化调整,以实现复合健康指标提取与随机退化建模的自动匹配,即数模联动。在线预测时,根据提出的数模联动方法,融合实际运行设备的多源传感监测数据以获取复合健康指标,然后采用随机模型对其演变过程进行建模。同时,为使模型实时反映设备当前状况,提出了一种退化模型参数的贝叶斯更新方法,在此基础上基于首达时间得到了考虑设备失效阈值随机性的剩余寿命概率分布。最后,基于航空发动机的多源传感监测数据,验证了所提方法在改善复合健康指标特性和提高剩余寿命预测准确性方面的有效性和优势。