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关键词： Tensors   Matrix decomposition   Computer science   Task analysis   Knowledge discovery   Data engineering   Computer vision   Tensor factorization   tensor-train   uncertain data   interval-valued data  

摘要： In many fields of computer science, tensor decomposition techniques are increasingly being adopted as the core of many applications that rely on multi-dimensional datasets for implementing knowledge discovery tasks. Unfortunately, a major shortcoming of state-of-the-art tensor analyses is that, despite their effectiveness when the data is certain, these operations become difficult to apply, or altogether inapplicable, in the presence of uncertainty in the data, a circumstance common to many real-world scenarios. In this paper we propose a way to address this issue by extending the known Tensor-Train technique for tensor factorization in order to deal with uncertain data, here modeled as intervals. Working with interval-valued data, however, presents numerous challenges, since many algebraic operations that form the building blocks of the factorization process, as well as the properties that make these procedures useful for knowledge discovery, cannot be easily extended from their scalar counterparts, and often require some approximation (including, though it is not only the case, for keeping computational costs manageable). These challenges notwithstanding, our proposed techniques proved to be reasonably effective, and are supported by a thorough experimental validation.

关键词： 大数据   计算机科学与技术   人工智能   课程体系  

摘要： 大数据时代,对计算机科学与技术专业学生大数据应用能力的培养已成为其复杂工程能力培养的重要且势在必行的目标。结合人工智能在大数据下的实际应用,对面向大数据应用能力培养的计算机科学与技术专业人工智能课程体系改革进行初步探索,让计算机科学与技术专业学生对大数据应用有系统、清晰的认识,为培养具有大数据应用能力的计算机科学与技术专业人才提供支持,为计算机科学与技术专业培养具有复杂工程能力的应用型人才提供思路。

关键词： 计算机技术   实践教学   模块化   复合架构  

摘要： 阐述计算机技术课程体系的设计,在课程设计中增加了研究性、创新性、综合性的内容,探讨复合架构的课程体系教学实践,包括分层次、多形式、模块化的实践教学。

关键词： Indexes   Heuristic algorithms   Costs   Computer science   Computational efficiency   Social networking (online)   Data mining   Dynamic set similarity join   log filter   adaptive method  

摘要： set similarity join finds all pairs of similar sets from two collections of sets. It has many real world applications, such as personalized recommendation and community mining. In this paper, we study the problem of computing the similarity join in a dynamic context, where the sets are updated dynamically. This, however, is inefficient with the state-of-the-art join methods, because they usually assume that data collections are static and have to compute the join result from scratch whenever a set is updated. To address this issue, we propose ALJoin, an adaptive filtering approach that computes the join result incrementally based on the update logs. We first investigate the effect of set updates on the similarity values, and on this basis we propose to build a neighborhood index for each set. The neighborhood index of a specific set consists of any other sets that can be transformed into its similar sets within a threshold number of update operations. ALJoin then uses this index to effectively identify both similar and dissimilar set pairs based on their update logs. To efficiently build the neighborhood index, we devise several filtering techniques and propose a lazy-forward method to reduce the computational cost. In addition, to improve the efficiency on varying workloads, we propose an analytical cost model, and design an online algorithm with performance guarantees to dynamically consolidate the update logs and adapt the neighborhood indexes. We evaluated our method using four real-world datasets. Experimental results show that our approach outperforms existing methods by up to 3:7 x .

关键词： Vehicles   Roads   Servers   Indexes   Maintenance engineering   Computer science   Euclidean distance   Location-based service   ridesharing   order dispatch   query processing   optimization  

摘要： the continued proliferation of mobile Internet and geo-locating technologies, carpooling as a green transport mode is widely accepted and becoming tremendously popular worldwide. In this paper, we focus on a popular carpooling service called ride hitching, which is typically implemented using a publish/subscribe approach. In a ride hitching service, drivers subscribe ride orders published by riders and continuously receive matching ride orders until one is picked. The current systems (e.g., Didi Hitch) adopt a threshold-based approach to filter ride orders. That is, a new ride order will be sent to all subscribing drivers whose planned trips can match the ride order within a pre-defined detour threshold. A limitation of this approach is that it is difficult for drivers to specify a reasonable detour threshold in practice. In addressing this problem, we propose a novel type of top -k subscription queries called Top -k Ride Subscription (TkRS) query, which continuously returns the best k ride orders that match drivers' trip plans to them. We propose two efficient algorithms to enable the top -k result maintenance. We also design a novel hybrid grid index and a two-level buffer structure to efficiently track the top -k results for all TkRS queries. Finally, extensive experiments on real-life datasets suggest that our proposed algorithms are capable of achieving desirable performance in practical settings.

摘要： Most programs in computer science undergraduate programs have evolved from a mathematics program, an engineering program, or some other combination. In computer science education, we will often exploit problems from mathematics with computational solutions to introduce and develop a deep understanding of computational concepts and skills related to program development and analysis. However, it needs to be clarified the degree to which students in undergraduate computer science programs see this connection between what they are learning and the role that mathematics can play in increasing the understanding of that learning. Do they view the mathematics they encounter as one of the unavoidable burdens that the major makes them endure to get a degree but will not need much after graduation? Or do they see mathematical learning and inventive thinking as something that they will need to do on a continuing basis even after graduation? The authors developed an instrument that could be used to gather evidence to understand better how our students look at the role of mathematics in their computer science courses and projects. Beginning in the fall of 2021 a survey instrument was developed and administered to students primarily at Haverford College. Students who completed the initial prototype survey were enrolled in an accelerated CS1-CS2 course where they had experience with programming before attending college. It is also assumed that they have been exposed to mathematics throughout their education. It should also be clear that in this context mathematics is defined expansively to include algebraic and other numerical manipulations of data, as well as problem-solving techniques to divide and conquer complicated problems, appreciating and understanding the use of abstraction [2], reasoning about the state of various parts of computation through the out the execution process, as well as this distinction between verification by proof versus testing. At Drexel University, stud

关键词： 计算机科学教育   教育公平   教育政策   基础教育   教师专业发展  

摘要： 为推动美国联邦政府重视计算机科学教育的发展质量,构建有制度保障的计算机科学教育体系,实现计算机科学教育的远景发展目标,美国相关专业研究组织联合发布年度《计算机科学教育报告》,旨在为政策制定者、倡导者和教育实践者提供改革的依据和思路,以期缩减计算机科学教育中的现存差距,有效解决计算机科学教育中的诸多问题。通过梳理2020—2022年《计算机科学教育报告》的核心内容,采用内容分析法,分别从计算机科学教育的目标旨向、九项政策、五项原则、实践情况、课程建设等方面进行深入分析,进而引发对我国基础教育阶段信息科技教育发展的一些主动思考:强调目标引领,倡导多方合作;注重持续跟踪,强化数据治理;鼓励融合创新,加强课程建设;重视教师发展,给予全面支持。

关键词： 计算机专业   1+X教学模式   改革   实践  

摘要： 国家积极倡导中职院校以培养专业技能型人才为根本目标,深化转型,因此衍生出多种教学模式,如产教融合、校企合作等,为中职学校育人工作指明了方向。1+X证书的教学模式是中职院校在产教融合、理实一体化教学等模式的基础上的延伸,它更加能够满足新时期中职院校的教育形势,并能够培养学生的创新创造意识,提升了学生的竞争力,为学生日后的发展奠定坚实的基础。本文就计算机专业1+X教学模式的改革与实践进行分析与探讨,以供参考。

关键词： 一流本科专业   成果导向   双导师制   应用型   协调育人  

摘要： 随着国家一流本科专业建设持续推进,探索地方院校一流本科专业学士学位人才培养模式尤为重要。建立基于成果导向的严进严出的学位毕业导向制度:毕业论文(设计)采用学校与企业双导师负责制,做到真题真做;构建立体式、全过程、四轨同道的育人模式;完善紧跟新技术发展和交叉应用的专业课程体系;建设深入产业链和创新链的实践教学项目,打造与新技术同步更新的实践教学金课,推动专业实践教学改革;融合高校、企业、政府、地方、行业多方协同育人的一流本科专业培养模式,以推动地方院校一流本科专业人才培养。改革实践表明,学生在创新应用能力、毕业论文真题真做等方面取得较好成绩。