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关键词： Indexes   Numerical models   Robustness   Optimization   Nonlinear distortion   Cybernetics   Computer science   Fuzzy reciprocal preference relation (FPR)   incomplete FPR   inconsistency   multiplicative consistency (MC)  

摘要： Preferences that verify the transitivity property are usually referred to as rational or consistent preferences. Existent methods to improve the consistency of inconsistent fuzzy reciprocal preference relations (FPRs) fail to retain the original preference values because they always derive a new FPR. This article presents a new inconsistency identification and modification (IIM) method to detect and rectify only the most inconsistent elements of an inconsistent FPR. As such, the proposed IIM can be considered a local adjustment method to improve multiplicative consistency (MC) of FPRs. The case of inconsistent FPRs with missing values, i.e., incomplete FPRs, is addressed with the estimation of the missing preferences with a constrained nonlinear optimization model by the application of the IIM method. The implementation process of the proposed algorithms is illustrated with numerical examples. Simulation experiments and comparisons with existent methods are also included to show that the new method requires fewer iterations than existent methods to improve the MC of FPRs and achieves better MC level, while preserving the original preference information as much as possible than the existent methods. Thus, the results presented in this article demonstrate the correctness, effectiveness, and robustness of the proposed method.

关键词： Computer science   current research information systems   data sharing   FAIR data   open science   research data management  

摘要： Without sufficient information about research data practices occurring in a particular research organisation, there is a risk of mismatching research data service efforts with the needs of its researchers. This study describes how data acquiring and data sharing occurring within a particular research organisation can be investigated by using current research information system publication data. The case study organisation's current research information system was used to identify the sample of investigated articles. A sample of 193 journal articles published by researchers in the computer science department of the case study's university during 2019 were extracted for scrutiny from the current research information system. For these 193 articles, a classification of the main study types was developed to accommodate the multidisciplinary nature of the case department's research agenda. Furthermore, a coding framework was developed to capture the key elements of data acquiring and data sharing. The articles representing life sciences and computational research relatively frequently reused open data, whereas data acquisition of experimental research, human interaction studies and human intervention studies often relied on collecting original data. Data sharing also differed between the computationally intensive study types of life sciences and computational research and the study types relying on collection of original data. Research data were not available for reuse in only a minority of life science (n = 2;7%) and computational research (n = 15;14%) studies. The study types of experimental research, human interaction studies and human intervention studies less frequently made their data available for reuse. The findings suggest that research organisations representing computer sciences may include different subfields that have their own cultures of data sharing. This study demonstrates that analyses of publications listed in current research information systems provid

关键词： Ecocriticism   ecocritical theories   environmental destruction   science   global crisis  

摘要： Ecocriticism is a theory that studies the relationship between humans and non-humans critically. The perception becomes the need of the hour as it stresses the interconnectedness between humans and Nature in the era of environmental sabotage. As Barbara Ward says, 'We have forgotten how to be good guests, how to walk lightly on the earth as its other creatures do' rather, humans pollute and erode the Natural elements. The interdependency between the environment and humans should be understood to lead to a better quality of life. Ecocriticism amidst the global crisis strives to reattach humans to their natural world. This article, stressing the significance of entwined movements like ecofeminism, eco-theology, ecosophy, and so on, shows realistic evidence to bring out the emergency to discuss, understand and practice the idea of Ecocriticism out in the practical world.

关键词： Service learning   experiential learning   authentic learning  

摘要： The benefits of service learning in computer and information science (CIS) are believed to be significant, ranging from providing students with real-world experiences to retaining students to positively impacting community partners. Although there are many benefits of service learning, the CIS domain does impose unique costs for integrating service learning into the curriculum. Yet there is little systematic research to help the CIS community understand best practices for maximizing benefits while minimizing costs. Experience reports about service learning courses in CIS have appeared in the literature annually since 2000, and thus we address this gap in knowledge by conducting a systematic review and content analysis of 84 experience reports from the The ACM Guide to Computing Literature. We synthesize the current state of service learning in CIS as well as derive recommendations for best practices and future research directions.

关键词： Feature extraction   Hidden Markov models   Convolutional neural networks   Computer science   Computational modeling   Correlation   Training   Non-intrusive load monitoring   energy disaggregation   dual-convolutional neural network   self-attention  

摘要： Non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) enables extracting individual appliances ’ power consumption data from an aggregated power signal in a cost-effective way. The extracted appliance-level power data can greatly facilitate tasks such as malfunction diagnosis and load forecasting, which are of significant importance for efficient energy use. Various neural networks including convolutional neural network (CNN), recurrent neural network (RNN), and transformer (self-attention-based neural network) are employed in the design of NILM solutions since 2015. In particular, CNN is revealed to extract certain critical features such as power level and typical usage duration, thus, achieving superior performance. However, the global features especially the dependency correlations between different positions in a sequence cannot be properly acquired. Accordingly, we devise a novel model incorporating an added attention layer to overcome this limitation. The added self-attention mechanism can automatically assign attention scores/weights to different features outputted by convolutional layers, which amplifies the positive influence of critical knowledge while realizing global reference. Moreover, this model can explicitly extract the appliance ’s multi-state information, which endows the model with more interpretability. We further improve our model by substituting the added self-attention mechanism with a lightweight one, which decreases the number of model parameters while maintaining the decomposing accuracy. Experimental results over two real-world datasets, REDD and UK-DALE, demonstrate that our models outperform the state-of-the-art, achieving 6.5 %-52 % improvement on average for three standard evaluation metrics. Moreover, we offer an extracted NILM solution system architecture incorporating neural networks, aiming to establish a framework to support future research.

关键词： Computer science and engineering   Doctoral research   Doctoral students   Effective supervision   Quality   Supervisor  

摘要： This article reflects on effective supervision and possible guidance for enhancing quality of doctoral research in the computer science and engineering field. The aims of this study are (1) to understand supervision and the role of supervisors in the quality of doctoral research, (2) to elaborate on effective supervision in the computer science and engineering field and challenges in effective supervision, and (3) to identify key indicators for evaluating effective supervision with a view to improving the quality of doctoral research. After studying various pieces of literature and conducting interviews with experienced supervisors and doctoral students, the article concludes by describing important characteristics in effective supervision. Some of the features for effective supervision are common to other areas of research;however, in computer science and engineering and similar fields, it is important that a supervisor takes the role of a team member by giving proper advice on the reports, algorithm and mathematical modeling developed in the research, and demonstrating the ability to provide advice on complex problems with practical approaches. © 2023, The Author(s).

关键词： Aerospace engineering   Computer science   Electrical and electronic engineering   Mechanical engineering  

摘要： First-person view (FPV) drone racing is a televised sport in which professional competitors pilot high-speed aircraft through a 3D circuit. Each pilot sees the environment from the perspective of their drone by means of video streamed from an onboard camera. Reaching the level of professional pilots with an autonomous drone is challenging because the robot needs to fly at its physical limits while estimating its speed and location in the circuit exclusively from onboard sensors1. Here we introduce Swift, an autonomous system that can race physical vehicles at the level of the human world champions. The system combines deep reinforcement learning (RL) in simulation with data collected in the physical world. Swift competed against three human champions, including the world champions of two international leagues, in real-world head-to-head races. Swift won several races against each of the human champions and demonstrated the fastest recorded race time. This work represents a milestone for mobile robotics and machine intelligence2, which may inspire the deployment of hybrid learning-based solutions in other physical systems. An autonomous system is described that combines deep reinforcement learning with onboard sensors collecting data from the physical world, enabling it to fly faster than human world champion drone pilots around a race track.

关键词： Computer science   Biotechnology   Law   Policy  

摘要： The current global mishmash of rules on whether innovations made using artificial intelligence are patentable impedes AI-rich fields such as drug discovery.

关键词： Computer Science   Information technology   Communication technology   Internet   Technical solutions  

摘要： In diesem Artikel werden die Geschichte und Hintergründe der IT-Industrie, die hohen Ziele und was aus ihnen geworden ist, beschrieben. Ausgehend vom militärischen Kommunikationsprojekt ARPANET haben sich seit den 1970er-Jahren die Computertechnologie und insbesondere die Informationstechnologie ungemein rasant entwickelt. In 6 Thesen wird der Hintergrund dieser wissenschaftlichen und wirtschaftlichen Erfolgsgeschichte dargestellt und hinterfragt.

关键词： Curricula  

摘要： This paper delves into the evolving relationship between humans and computers in the realm of programming. Historically, programming has been a dialogue where humans meticulously crafted communication to suit machine understanding, shaping the trajectory of computer science education. However, the advent of AI-based no-code platforms is revolutionizing this dynamic. Now, humans can converse in their natural language, expecting machines to interpret and act. This shift has profound implications for computer science education. As educators, it’s imperative to integrate this new dynamic into curricula. In this paper, we’ve explored several pertinent research questions in this transformation, which demand continued inquiry and adaptation in our educational strategies. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.