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关键词： FGM copula   Epanechnikov-exponential distribution   maximum likelihood estimation   Bayesian estimation   confidence intervals  

摘要： One important area of statistical theory and its applications to bivariate data modeling is the construction of families of bivariate distributions with specified marginals. This motivates the proposal of a bivariate distribution employing the Farlie-Gumbel-Morgenstern (FGM) copula and Epanechnikov exponential (EP-EX) marginal distribution, denoted by EP-EX-FGM. The EP-EX distribution is a complementing distribution, not a rival, to the exponential (EX) distribution. Its simple function shape and dependence on a single scale parameter make it an ideal choice for marginals in the suggested new bivariate distribution. The statistical properties of the EP-EX-FGM model are examined, including product moments, coefficient of correlation between the internal variables, moment generating function, conditional distribution, concomitants of order statistics (OSs), mean residual life function, and vitality function. In addition, we calculated reliability and information measures including the hazard function, reversed hazard function, positive quadrant dependence feature, bivariate extropy, bivariate weighted extropy, and bivariate cumulative residual extropy. Estimating model parameters is accomplished by utilizing maximum likelihood, asymptotic confidence intervals, and Bayesian approaches. Finally, the advantage of EP-EX-FGM over the bivariate Weibull FGM distribution, bivariate EX-FGM distribution, and bivariate generalized EX-FGM distribution is illustrated using actual data sets.

关键词： Famine   Herbivores   Bighorn sheep   Integrated population model   Foraging strategies  

摘要： In long-lived mammals, females must pay the costs of gestation and lactation without jeopardizing future survival and reproduction. Insufficient energy and protein intake during summer can have severe consequences for nutritional condition and body mass, which directly impact survival and reproduction. Because behavior is one of the primary mechanisms by which animals cope with constraints on survival and reproduction, individual herbivores should attempt to maximize nutrient intake by consistently selecting the best foraging habitats available to them. Yet, herbivores’ ability to optimize their foraging behavior is constrained by a variety of intrinsic (e.g., memory) and extrinsic (e.g., predation risk) factors. One result of such constraints is that foraging strategies often vary considerably among individuals in a population. The causes and consequences of individual variation have long been the subject of investigation but are often overlooked in wildlife ecology and management. Although previous work has clearly established links between nutrition and individual performance, the mechanisms underpinning relationships among individual behavior, nutrition, and population performance remain elusive. We quantified relationships among the foodscape (i.e., spatiotemporal variation in forage biomass and quality), behavior, and performance (i.e., survival and reproduction) in three populations of bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) that spanned a range of environmental conditions, in mid-elevation grasslands and mountainous alpine systems. We first investigated the nutritional underpinnings of variation in life-history strategies exhibited by bighorn sheep. Bighorn sheep are typically considered to be capital breeders that rely on stored energy reserves to finance reproduction. This generality is supported by the observation that in many northern bighorn populations, survival of neonates is insensitive to temporal changes in spring green-up, and capital reserves strongly in

关键词： Cognitive load   Computer science   Market research   Adaptive systems   Time measurement   Physiology   Information systems   Temperature measurement   Human computer interaction   Current measurement   computer science research   information system research   measurement trends  

摘要： Cognitive load (CL), defined as the mental effort required to process information, plays a pivotal role in user performance and experience in various domains, particularly within computer science (CS) and information systems (IS). As technology grows increasingly interactive, understanding and measuring CL is crucial for designing adaptive, user-centered systems. This study investigates trends in CL measurement techniques in CS and IS research from 2017 to 2024, focusing on emerging tools, methods, and their applications. A systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted to provide a comprehensive overview of CL's role in CS and IS, the methods used to detect it, and how it is analyzed across different tasks and environments. The motivation behind this research stems from the growing need to optimize user experiences and system efficiency through better CL management. The findings highlight a shift toward multimodal CL measurement, integrating subjective, behavioral, performance-based, and physiological data, often analyzed with machine learning in domains like human-computer interaction, education, and immersive technologies. This research highlights the importance of accurate CL measurement and suggests future directions for enhancing adaptive system design through the integration of CL metrics. Building upon these findings, future research should focus on advancing CL measurement through survey item sequencing, multimodal data integration, and device-task comparisons, while also exploring the use of AI for robust CL detection. Future research should explore survey design, multimodal data integration, device-task comparisons, and AI-based CL detection. Building on these insights, this study proposes developing non-intrusive, adaptive e-learning interfaces to optimize user engagement and personalization within LMS environments.

关键词： Bibliometrics   Quantum computing   Qubit   Databases   Market research   Computer science   Visualization   CiteSpace   keyword cooccurrence   quantum computing (QC)   quantum network   scientometric analysis   scopus   technological paradigm  

摘要： Quantum computing (QC) has emerged as a promising research area transitioning from theory to practical realization, driven by interdisciplinary integration. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the evolving research landscape in QC, this study conducts a scientometric analysis of scientific literature retrieved from the Scopus database between 2010 and 2023. Employing the CiteSpace visualization tool, this study examines publication trends, citation patterns, and identifies the prestigious journals in literature. Furthermore, collaboration analysis reveals the top collaborating countries highlighting the active global network of research in QC. Moreover, author cocitation analysis identifies prominent contributors, underscoring their impact and influence in the field. In addition, keyword cooccurrence analysis and thematic analysis pinpoints the areas of significant interest and emerging research frontiers. The content analysis further explores these findings to provide in-depth insights in to themes and trends shaping the field. By providing insights into the evolution of QC, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of technological advancements and determines the future pathway of the field.

关键词： Computer Science  

ISBN: (数字)9788770041980 ISBN: (纸本)9788770041997

摘要： This Rapids book is an analysis of quantum computing, covering everything from its foundational principles to practical applications in the development of quantum services. It offers a technical and complex overview to provide the necessary knowledge to any researcher, scientist or developer who wants to get into service-oriented quantum computing. The field of quantum computing has evolved rapidly in recent years, with the potential to revolutionize the way we approach complex problems in various fields. This comprehensive guide covers the fundamental principles of quantum computing and its practical applications in the development of quantum services. Beyond theoretical knowledge, the book goes on to explore some of the challenges that quantum software developers face in today’s landscape. It addresses issues related to low-level abstractions and the absence of integration, deployment and quality assurance mechanisms in quantum software engineering. Also, it explores the principles of service-oriented computing applied to quantum computing, revealing architectural patterns adapted to quantum computing and discussing standardization and accessibility in this field. It also provides insight into streamlining the deployment process through a DevOps approach for continuous deployment of quantum services. This book will serve as a guide for all researchers, scientists and developers by providing them with an understanding of the current limitations and problems in quantum computing-oriented software development, and how to address them with software engineering techniques and tools applied to quantum computing.

关键词： Computer science education   Professional development   K-12 educational settings   K-12 educators   K-12 novice  

摘要： Computer science (CS) education has experienced rapid growth over the past decade with student demand leading to new courses or course pathways being offered in K-12 educational settings. Student demand has been matched by parent/community and technology industry support. Educators have quickly responded to the demand by expanding course offerings, yet rapid change comes with growing pains. This research study is an exploration of educator perceptions and experiences implementing CS education. Two hundred four survey responses were obtained from diverse public and private school K-12 educators representing 36 of 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia. The overarching goals of this study are to represent CS educator responses related to their current experiences specific to the following contexts: (a) external and internal challenges implementing CS education, (b) areas of interest for professional learning of CS content and instructional strategies including strategies that promote equitable instruction, and (c) CS teacher community engagement including access to CS-focused professional development (PD). Understanding teacher perceptions about CS implementation can benefit the CS community of research by identifying areas of challenge, improving PD offerings, specifying PD content, and exposing new areas for support needed by both novice and experienced CS teachers. This study can provide fresh perspectives which can lead to solutions for providing enhanced support for the growing workforce of K-12 novice and experienced CS educators.

关键词： Semantics   Semisupervised learning   Quality assessment   Contrastive learning   Annotations   Training   Motion segmentation   Manuals   Computer science   Computational modeling   Action analysis   action quality assessment   semi-supervised learning  

摘要： Semi-supervised Action Quality Assessment (AQA) using limited labeled and massive unlabeled samples to achieve high-quality assessment is an attractive but challenging task. The main challenge relies on how to exploit solid and consistent representations of action sequences for building a bridge between labeled and unlabeled samples in the semi-supervised AQA. To address the issue, we propose a Self-supervised sub-Action Parsing Network (SAP-Net) that employs a teacher-student network structure to learn consistent semantic representations between labeled and unlabeled samples for semi-supervised AQA. We perform actor-centric region detection and generate high-quality pseudo-labels in the teacher branch and assists the student branch in learning discriminative action features. We further design a self-supervised sub-action parsing solution to locate and parse fine-grained sub-action sequences. Then, we present the group contrastive learning with pseudo-labels to capture consistent motion-oriented action features in the two branches. We evaluate our proposed SAP-Net on four public datasets: the MTL-AQA, FineDiving, Rhythmic Gymnastics, and FineFS datasets. The experiment results show that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art semi-supervised methods by a significant margin.

关键词： Computer science   artificial intelligence   electrical engineering communications  

ISBN: (数字)9788770041850 ISBN: (纸本)9788770041867

摘要： Introduction to Artificial Intelligence (AI) provides a comprehensive overview of the latest trends in artificial intelligence. The book covers the state of the art in AI research, including machine learning, natural language processing, computer vision, and robotics. The book offers a forward-looking perspective on the future of AI, exploring the emerging trends and applications that are likely to shape the next decade of AI innovation. It also provides practical guidance for businesses and individuals on how to leverage the power of AI to create new products, services, and opportunities. Overall, the book is an essential read for anyone who wants to stay ahead of the curve in the rapidly evolving field of AI and understand the impact that this transformative technology will have on our lives in the coming years.

关键词： Computer science   legal   ethical \u0026 social aspects of it   it security  

ISBN: (数字)9788770041942 ISBN: (纸本)9788770041959

摘要： This Rapids book unveils a blueprint for safeguarding the very backbone of modern communication networks. It offers a roadmap towards fortifying SDN infrastructures against the relentless onslaught of cyber threats, ensuring resilience and reliability in an ever-evolving digital landscape. This is an exhaustive study of crafting a robust security solution tailored for the SDN environment, specifically targeting the detection and mitigation of distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks on the control plane. The methodology hinges on an early detection strategy, meticulously aligned with industry standards, serving as a beacon for professionals navigating the intricate realm of implementing security solutions. This reference elucidates an innovative approach devised to identify and mitigate the inherent risks associated with the OpenFlow protocol and its POX controller. Validated through rigorous simulations conducted within controlled environments utilizing the Mininet tool and SDN controller, the methodology unfolds, showcasing the intricate dance between theory and practice. Through meticulous observation of detection algorithm results in simulated environments, followed by real-world implementation within network testbeds, the proposed solution emerges triumphant. Leveraging network entropy calculation, coupled with swift port blocking mechanisms, the methodology stands as a formidable barrier against a DDoS attack such as TCP, UDP, and ICMP floods.