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摘要： The Interactive Tree Of Life (https://***) is an online tool for the management, display, annotation and manipulation of phylogenetic and other trees. It is freely available and open to everyone. iTOL version 6 introduces a modernized and completely rewritten user interface, together with numerous new features. A new dataset type has been introduced (colored/labeled ranges), greatly upgrading the functionality of the previous simple colored range annotation function. Additional annotation options have been implemented for several existing dataset types. Dataset template files now support simple assignment of annotations to multiple tree nodes through substring matching, including full regular expression support. Node metadata handling has been greatly extended with novel display and exporting options, and it can now be edited interactively or bulk updated through annotation files. Tree labels can be displayed using multiple simultaneous font styles, with precise positioning, sizing and styling of each individual label part. Various bulk label editing functions have been implemented, simplifying large scale changes of all tree node labels. iTOL's automatic taxonomy assignment functions now support trees based on the Genome Taxonomy Database (GTDB), in addition to the NCBI taxonomy. The functionality of the optional user account pages has been expanded, simplifying the management, navigation and sharing of projects and trees. iTOL currently handles more than one and a half million trees from >130 000 individual user accounts. [GRAPHICS] .

摘要： Computer scientist Avi Wigderson is known for clarifying the role of randomness in algorithms, and for studying their complexity.

摘要： Preface: International Conference on Engineering and Computer Science (ICECS), AIP Conference Proceedings, Volume 3109, Issue 1, 9 April 2024, 010001, http

关键词： Cryptography  

摘要： The simulation hypothesis has recently excited renewed interest, especially in the physics and philosophy communities. However, the hypothesis specifically concerns computers that simulate physical universes, which means that to formally investigate it we need to couple computer science theory with physics. Here I couple those fields with the physical Church-Turing thesis. I then exploit that coupling to investigate of some of the computer science theory aspects of the simulation hypothesis. In particular, I use Kleene’s second recursion theorem to prove that it is mathematically possible for us to be a simulation that is being run on a computer — by us. In such a self-simulation, there would be two identical instances of us;the question of which of those is "really us" is meaningless. I also show how Rice’s theorem provides some interesting impossibility results concerning simulation and self-simulation;briefly describe the philosophical implications of fully homomorphic encryption for (self-)simulation;and briefly investigate the graphical structure of universes simulating universes simulating universes . . ., among other issues. I end by describing some of the possible avenues for future research. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Organizational culture   Innovation   Denison organizational cultural model   DOCS  

摘要： PurposeThis research aimed to conceptualize organizations as open and purposeful systems to study how organizational culture (OC) influences firms' Innovative Performance (IP). The authors proposed goal setting and internal integration/external adaptation paradox as central to explaining OC's mediating and suppressing effects on ***/methodology/approachThe authors collected data from 372 Costa Rican organizations and analyzed them with structural equations. This research used the Denison Model instead of the usual typology-based *** mission had a direct and high impact on IP. The mediated effect via adaptability was also elevated, as well as the suppressor effect through consistency. There was no effect on IP of involvement. According to these results, the Open and Rational Systems Framework emerge as the main theoretical explanatory ***/valueDisaggregating the OC through a performance-oriented dimensional model makes it possible to study the dynamics between the elements that compound it and facilitate integrating these findings with other research streams.

关键词： Education computing  

摘要： Recent advances in AI, machine learning, and NLP have led to the development of a new generation of Large Language Models (LLMs) that are trained on massive amounts of data and often have trillions of parameters. Commercial applications (e.g., ChatGPT) have made this technology available to the general public, thus making it possible to use LLMs to produce high-quality texts for academic and professional purposes. Schools and universities are aware of the increasing use of AI-generated content by students and they have been researching the impact of this new technology and its potential misuse. Educational programs in Computer Science (CS) and related fields are particularly affected because LLMs are also capable of generating programming code in various programming languages. To help understand the potential impact of publicly available LLMs in CS education, we introduce CSEPrompts4, a framework with hundreds of programming exercise prompts and multiple-choice questions retrieved from introductory CS and programming courses. We also provide experimental results on CSEPrompts to evaluate the performance of several LLMs with respect to generating Python code and answering basic computer science and programming questions. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： High-grade glioma   Long-term survival   Cognition   Quality of life   Caregivers  

摘要： Background The health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and cognition are important indicators for the quality of survival in patients with high-grade glioma (HGG). However, data on long-term survivors and their caregivers are scarce. We aim to investigate the interaction between cognition and HRQoL in long-term survivors, their caregivers' evaluations, and the effect on caregiver strain and *** 21 long-term HGG (8 WHO grade III and 13 WHO grade IV) survivors (survival >= 5 years) and 15 caregivers were included. Cognition (verbal memory, attention, executive functioning, and language), HRQoL, anxiety and depression, caregiver strain, and caregiver burden were assessed with standardized measures. Questionnaires were completed by patients and/or their *** Mean survival was 12 years (grade III) and 8 years (grade IV). Cognition was significantly impaired with a large individual variety. Patients' general HRQoL was not impaired but all functioning scales were deviant. Patient-proxy agreement was found in most HRQoL subscales. Three patients (14%) showed indications of anxiety or depression. One-third of the caregivers reported a high caregiver strain or a high burden. Test scores for attention, executive functioning, language, and/or verbal memory were correlated with perceived global health status, cognitive functioning, and/or communication deficits. Caregiver burden was not related to cognitive *** In long-term HGG survivors maintained HRQoL seems possible even when cognition is impaired in a large variety at the individual level. A tailored approach is therefore recommended to investigate the cognitive impairments and HRQoL in patients and the need for patient and caregiver support.

摘要： Universal Design is the principle for designing products to be usable by all people. In this paper, we discuss how universal design can be incorporated into the traditional computer science classroom by intentionally considering how classroom exercises, assignments, discussions, and designing of code can make for an inclusive learning environment. We describe Universal Design for Learning and give examples of effective practices including course design, classroom environment, equitable participation, lecture structure, assignments, and in-class exercises.

关键词： Big data   Computer science and technology   Data storage   Data processing   Data visualization  

摘要： This article discusses the current status and development strategies of computer science and technology in the context of big ***,it explains the relationship between big data and computer science and technology,focusing on analyzing the current application status of computer science and technology in big data,including data storage,data processing,and data ***,it proposes development strategies for big data *** science and technology play a vital role in big data processing by providing strong technical support.

摘要： This paper introduces an innovative approach in computer science education that centers on building empathy and inclusivity skills, particularly towards designing accessible technology for individuals with disabilities. In a landscape where 41 states in the United States (82% of the US) have embraced accessibility policies, this study introduces in-person accessibility interventions for undergraduate computing students, focusing on Human-Empathy Accessibility Learning (HEAL). What makes this approach innovative is its emphasis on abilities-based experiential learning and direct engagement with inclusivity challenges. The interventions are structured to cultivate empathy as a foundational skill for effective communication, collaborative problem-solving, and inclusive design in technology. This study evaluates the effects of these novel interventions on students' empathy, career goals, and attitudes towards accessibility through three experimental groups from diverse academic settings, including a control group. Key to our methodology is the implementation of an "empathy lab", where students actively engage in empathy-driven experiences, including a unique collaboration with a woman who is blind for one of the groups. We employ a mixed-methods research design, leveraging the Perth Empathy Scale (PES) to quantify empathy development and analyze student reflections to understand shifts in attitudes, skills, and design philosophy. The findings reveal a marked improvement in empathy, skill acquisition, and a renewed commitment among students to incorporate accessibility into their future technology endeavors. This study is a testament to the transformative potential of integrating empathy and accessibility into computer science curriculum, paving the way for a more inclusive and ethically mindful technological landscape.