教学课程资源库 更多>>

摘要： This forum focuses on the conditions and futures of the labor underpinning technology production and maintenance. We welcome standalone articles as well as interviews and conversations about all tech labor within the global supply chain of digital technologies. --- Seyram Avle and Sarah Fox, Editors

关键词： STEM   Black girls   Creativity   Computer science  

摘要： In the USA, Black women face significant underrepresentation in the computer science field. By diversifying the field with women of color, the technology industry can mitigate prevailing unconscious and conscious biases. The study presented in this article addresses a gap in creativity research by examining Black creativity, which is often overlooked by scholars. Through a 9-week afterschool program, Black girls learned to code virtual chatbots through authentic computer science activities, such as coding with Python. Through utilizing quantitative ethnography methods and epistemic network analysis, this study explores the extent in which Black girls engage in creative problem-solving as they learn to code. The epistemic networks revealed nuanced insights into the students' creative problem-solving processes as they engaged in coding. Epistemic network analysis has been demonstrated to be an innovative and culturally responsive approach to examining creativity, a concept historically measured through surveys. This study introduces innovative methods to involve Black girls in a STEM-related field where they are often marginalized while also capturing the intricate ways they engage in creative problem-solving.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning  

摘要： The field of Computer science (CS) has rapidly evolved over the past fewdecades, providing computational tools and methodologies to various fields andforming new interdisciplinary communities. This growth in CS has significantlyimpacted institutional practices and relevant research communities. Therefore,it is crucial to explore what specific research values, known as basic andfundamental beliefs that guide or motivate research attitudes or actions,CS-related research communities promote. Prior research has manually analyzedresearch values from a small sample of machine learning papers. No prior workhas studied the automatic detection of research values in CS from large-scalescientific texts across different research subfields. This paper introduces adetailed annotation scheme featuring ten research values that guide CS-relatedresearch. Based on the scheme, we build value classifiers to scale up theanalysis and present a systematic study over 226,600 paper abstracts from 32CS-related subfields and 86 popular publishing venues over ten years. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Physics   Optics   Computer science  

摘要： Plasmon-induced transparency is a classical analogue of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). However, its realization and control primarily rely on geometry engineering rather than tuning plasmon polaritons (PPs) themselves, due to their relatively poor tunability. Recently discovered polariton modes in low- symmetry materials exhibit volume-confined field distributions, thickness-dependent dispersions, and in- plane anisotropy, offering possibilities for the realization and manipulation of polariton-induced transparency (PIT). In this study, we theoretically achieve geometry-symmetry-free and material-symmetry-guaranteed PIT based on volume-confined phonon polaritons (vPhPs) in stacked bilayer a-MoO3 structures. PIT arises from the strong resonance of vPhPs and the subsequent robust near-field coupling at large thicknesses, where the in-plane anisotropy of vPhPs results in multi-spectral PIT across different polariton bands, enabling the tuning of PIT by adjusting the lattice orientation of a-MoO3 without altering geometry. These findings highlight the potential of polariton modes beyond PPs in PIT systems, with applications in sensors, modulators, and slow light systems.

关键词： Open source software  

摘要： When Computer Science (CS) students try to use or extend open-source software (OSS) projects, they often encounter the common challenge of OSS failing to build on their local machines. Even though OSS often provides ready-to-build packages, subtle differences in local environment setups can lead to build issues, costing students tremendous time and effort in debugging. Despite the prevalence of build issues faced by CS students, there is a lack of studies exploring this topic. To investigate the build issues frequently encountered by CS students and explore methods to help them resolve these issues, we conducted a novel dual-phase study involving 330 build tasks among 55 CS students. Phase I characterized the build issues students faced, their resolution attempts, and the effectiveness of those attempts. Based on these findings, Phase II introduced an intervention method that emphasized key information (e.g., recommended programming language versions) to students. The study demonstrated the effectiveness of our intervention in improving build success rates. Our research will shed light on future directions in related areas, such as CS education on best practices for software builds and enhanced tool support to simplify the build process. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Computer science   Social sciences  

摘要： In recent years, incorporating tax mechanisms into evolutionary game theory has become a popular research focus. However, previous studies often failed to simultaneously consider the coexistence of heterogeneity in tax collection and distribution. In this article, we introduce a heterogeneous tax mechanism and apply it to the reward model of the traditional public goods game. Surprisingly, changes in reward costs have little impact on defectors, primarily influencing competition within cooperative strategies. We explain the reason for this phenomenon through the individual's strategy transfer probabilities. Another important finding is that rewarding cooperators is always available despite their number being few at lower tax rates. It is because when rewarding cooperators face unfavorable situations, global tax becomes a key factor in maintaining their survival. Finally, the robustness of the model is verified.

关键词： Stereotype threat   Gender   E-learning   Computer science   MOOC  

摘要： Despite ongoing progress towards gender equality in education, women remain significantly underrepresented in computer science-a field still shaped by stereotypical expectations in our society. This gap is evident in both traditional classroom settings and online learning platforms such as MOOCs, where women face psychological barriers that hinder their learning success. As MOOCs increase accessibility and democratize education, it's particularly important to address the barriers women face in these platforms. By analyzing 338,459 negative reviews from 8,067 IT and software courses offered by the MOOC provider Udemy, we explored the differences in how men and women experience these online learning environments. Our analysis was complemented by ten expert interviews, which helped us develop key propositions to explain these gender-based differences and derive guidelines to overcome them. Our results reveal that men and women criticize similar topics in IT courses, demonstrating that they do not belong to different user groups. However, differences between male and female reviews emerge within each topic. These differences are reflected in different communication styles, demands and areas of emphasis, shaped by gender-specific backgrounds, socialization processes and stereotypes. To overcome these differences, we propose seven guidelines drawing form Stereotype Threat Theory for designing gender-inclusive online courses that focus on inclusive communication and representation, creating supportive learning environments, and implementing high-quality, bias-aware educational practices. Aiming to foster greater participation and success for women in computer science.

关键词： Computer science   Politics  

摘要： The country is betting on AI to develop practical, cost-effective business tools for global markets, especially lower-income countries.

关键词： Conceptions   Internet   Teachers   Children   Primary   Lower secondary   K-9   Teacher education   Conceptual change  

摘要： Objectives: Limited research exists on how new computer science (CS) teachers understand fundamental Internet principles. This knowledge gap hinders the development of effective upskilling courses, especially as new CS curricula are being introduced worldwide. This study investigates new CS teachers’ conceptions of fundamental Internet principles, compares them with children’s understanding, and examines the relationship between teachers’ Internet knowledge and their knowledge of basic digital trace *** Methods: A convergent mixed-methods approach was used, involving semi-structured interviews and drawing tasks with 50 new CS teachers. Data from a separate sample of 165 children (Grades 4, 6, 8) were included for comparison. A thematic analysis and frequency analysis of interview transcripts were ***: Most new CS teachers recognized the Internet as a global network but had varied and often unstable conceptions about data storage and transfer. Compared to children, teachers demonstrated a more advanced understanding but still exhibited substantial knowledge gaps. There was no significant correlation between understanding Internet principles and basic digital trace topics, though a moderate relationship was found regarding news feed ***: The study highlights the need for targeted interventions to improve new CS teachers’ understanding of Internet principles, especially the invisible aspects, such as data storage and transfer mechanisms. By providing new data on a rarely studied group, this study contributes to both CS education and broader fields like developmental psychology and conceptual change, offering insights into the developmental trajectories of Internet comprehension and the integration of everyday and scientific knowledge.

关键词： Resilience   Competences   Junior doctors   COVID-19  

摘要： BackgroundAt the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, strict measures suspended face-to-face teaching at German universities, posing significant challenges for medical education. Practical, patient-centered training couldn't be fully replaced by online formats, leading to skill deficits and increased stress among students. To date, no study has examined the impact of COVID-19 on the resilience and the competence of medical graduates so far. This study aims to address this knowledge gap by investigating the pandemic impact on resilience, medical competence, communication skills, and research competence of medical *** study employed data from the "Bavarian Graduate Study of Medicine" (MediBAS), a cross-sectional evaluation survey conducted in cooperation with Bavarian universities and the Bavarian Institute for higher education research and planning. It targeted medical, dental, and veterinary graduates. The data were collected in two waves (2018/19 and 2022/23), with 1.114 human medicine graduates participating. The questionnaire assessed among others resilience, medical expertise, communication skills, and research competence. Statistical analysis involved descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and Mann-Whitney-U tests due to non-normal data *** study analyzed self-assessed resilience, medical expertise, communication, and research skills of medical graduates from two waves. The findings demonstrated through descriptive statistics a decline in all competencies except research skills, which exhibited an increase. Correlation analysis revealed significant relationships between variables. Mann-Whitney-U tests revealed no significant differences between the waves in resilience (p =.079, r =.06), medical expertise (p =.117, r =.05), communication skills (p =.053, r =.07), or research competence (p =.106, r =.05).ConclusionThe study examined the impact of COVID-19 on medical graduates' resilience, medical expertise, communication ski