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摘要： Motivation We learn more effectively through experience and reflection than through passive reception of information. Bioinformatics offers an excellent opportunity for project-based learning. Molecular data are abundant and accessible in open repositories, and important concepts in biology can be rediscovered by reanalyzing the *** In the manuscript, we report on five hands-on assignments we designed for master's computer science students to train them in bioinformatics for genomics. These assignments are the cornerstones of our introductory bioinformatics course and are centered around the study of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). They assume no prior knowledge of molecular biology but do require programming skills. Through these assignments, students learn about genomes and genes, discover their composition and function, relate SARS-CoV-2 to other viruses, and learn about the body's response to infection. Student evaluation of the assignments confirms their usefulness and value, their appropriate mastery-level difficulty, and their interesting and motivating *** and Implementation The course materials are freely available on GitHub at https://***/IB-ULFRI.

关键词： Serious games  

摘要： Objectives RadGrad is a curriculum initiative implemented via an application that combines features of social networks, degree planners, individual learning plans, and serious games. RadGrad redefines traditional meanings of "progress" and "success" in the undergraduate computer science degree program in an attempt to improve engagement, retention, and diversity. In this paper, we describe the RadGrad Project and report on an evaluation study designed to assess the impact of RadGrad on student engagement, diversity, and retention. We also present opportunities and challenges that result from the use of the system. Participants Our evaluation study involved four major stakeholder groups for undergraduate computer science education at our institution: students in the early stages of the degree program, recent graduates, faculty, and advisors. Study Methods We used a qualitative experimental research design, including data obtained through questionnaire responses from our major stakeholder groups. Findings We found strong evidence to support the hypothesis that RadGrad can have a positive impact on student engagement in Computer Science for students who are relatively new to the discipline. We found some evidence to support the hypothesis that RadGrad can have a positive impact on student retention. We were unable to evaluate the impact of RadGrad on diversity. Conclusions The data gathered in this study indicates that approaches like RadGrad provide a promising means to improve engagement, retention, and (potentially) diversity in Computer Science. The data suggests that development and evaluation of RadGrad at other institutions and/or in other STEM disciplines would provide useful insight into the generality of the approach. It also indicates that faculty engagement with the technology might increase its effectiveness, but that obtaining faculty buy-in is challenging. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Machine learning   Computer science  

摘要： More than 7,000 languages are in use throughout the world, but popular translation tools cannot deal with most of them. A translation model that was tested on under-represented languages takes a key step towards a solution.

关键词： Research management   Funding   Computer science  

摘要： Artificial-intelligence algorithms could identify scientists who need support with translating their work into real-world applications and more. Leaders must step up.

关键词： capital punishment   nitrogen   alabama   inspiration  

摘要： This Viewpoint discusses the recent use of forced nitrogen inhalation as capital punishment in Alabama and describes the body of evidence indicating that forced nitrogen inhalation is an inhumane practice.

关键词： Turing machines  

摘要： A universal Turing machine is a powerful concept — a single device can compute any function that is computable. A universal spin model, similarly, is a class of physical systems whose low energy behavior simulates that of any spin system. Our categorical framework for universality [11] captures these and other examples of universality as instances. In this article, we present an accessible account thereof with a focus on its basic ingredients and ways to use it. Specifically, we show how to identify necessary conditions for universality, compare types of universality within each instance, and establish that universality and negation give rise to unreachability (such as uncomputability). © 2024, CC BY-SA.

关键词： Chemistry   Computer science   Food science  

摘要： Compared to traditional methods, using machine learning to assess or predict the odor of molecules can save costs in various aspects. Our research aims to collect molecules with coffee odor and summarize the regularity of these molecules, ultimately creating a binary classifier that can determine whether a molecule has a coffee odor. In this study, a total of 371 coffee -odor molecules and 9,700 non -coffee -odor molecules were collected. The Knowledge -guided Pre -training of Graph Transformer (KPGT), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), multi -layer perceptron (MLP), and message -passing neural networks (MPNN) were used to train the data. The model with the best performance was selected as the basis of the predictor. The prediction accuracy value of the KPGT model exceeded 0.84 and the predictor has been deployed as a webserver PredCoffee.

关键词： Medicine   Computer science  

摘要： In scenarios involving the treatment of complex or coexisting diseases with multiple drugs, the potential actions (DDIs). Most existing computational methods have not taken into account the asymmetry and relation types of drug interactions caused by the relation information between drugs, which may lead to missing information in embedded learning. Therefore, this paper proposes a directed relation graph attento learn multi-relational role embeddings of drugs across different types of relations. The experimental results show that DRGATAN's performance is superior to recognized advanced methods. The visualization of the proposed method. This study provides guidance for predicting asymmetric drug interactions.

关键词： Gaze tracking   Eye-tracking   Saccade   Fixations   Reading comprehension   e-learning  

摘要： In this research, a mixed-method approach was employed to conduct large-scale eye-tracking measurements, traditionally associated with high costs and extensive time commitments. Utilizing consumer-grade webcams in conjunction with open-source software, data was collected from an expansive cohort of students, thereby demonstrating the scalability and cost-effectiveness of this innovative methodology. The primary objective of this research was to discern the disparities in reading behaviour when students were presented with standard text accompanied by illustrations, compared to the same text with highlighted key terms. The participants, comprised of first-year university students, completed a questionnaire and an introductory test to ascertain their knowledge level. Subsequently, they were segregated into two groups and participated in two reading sessions, during which their ocular movements were recorded. The amassed data underwent both qualitative analyses, facilitated by visualizations, and quantitative analysis, employing statistical measures on the data and test results. Notably, no significant difference was observed in the gaze patterns or test results between the experimental and control groups. However, a significant divergence in gaze patterns was identified between high-achieving students and those experiencing difficulties, as evidenced by the averaged composite heatmaps generated from the data. The findings underscore two pivotal points. Firstly, the feasibility of conducting large-scale eye-tracking experiments is demonstrated. Traditional studies in this field often employ small population samples due to the time and financial constraints associated with methods that utilize specialized eye-tracking hardware. In contrast, our methodology is scalable, relying on low-end hardware and enabling students to record data on their personal devices. Secondly, while eye-tracking may not provide substantial benefits for fine-tuning text already optimized for rea