教学课程资源库 更多>>

关键词： 微藻   藻种   生物燃料   基因工程改造   生物柴油   能源科技   生物能源   生物产品   活性成分   生物技术  

摘要： 利用微藻油脂、烷烃或微藻淀粉生产生物柴油或生物酒精已成为国际生物能源研究领域的前沿和各个国家尤其是西方发达国家能源科技竞争的热点。然而,微藻生物燃料面临用于大规模工业化培养的微藻品种较少、生产成本高而难于商业化应用的问题。文章深入研究微藻生物技术的发展,对目前微藻藻种筛选、育种和基因工程技术改造进行分析,为进一步发掘筛选新的微藻生物资源、获得富含生物燃料原料成分及多种生物活性成分的优良藻种提供指导,加快微藻的生物产品和生物燃料商业化生产。

关键词： 农业生物技术   转基因   基因工程  

摘要： 随着科学的不断进步,生物技术及其产业正在飞速发展,最终将会成为解决人类食物、能源、资源、环境问题的重要手段。生命科学的发展带来了农业生物技术的兴起,农业生物技术在育种、病虫害虫防治等方面迅速得到证实,表现出了广阔的前景。我国作为一个农业大国,更应该充分发挥农业生物技术的作用,加速我国传统农业向现代农业的根本转变。本文阐述了农业生物技术的发展及现状,并对转基因农作物的现状及安全性进行了探讨。

关键词： 应用型本科   基因工程   教学改革   双语教学   网络平台  

摘要： 针对应用型本科高校基因工程课程的教学改革与实践进行探讨,提出在教学内容上通过选取合理双语教材、及时跟踪学科前沿和注重实践能力培养等方法进行丰富,在教学方法上通过多媒体应用、讨论式教学以及网络平台延伸等方法进行改进,在考核方式上采用综合考核进行评定。这些教学改革方法的尝试激发了学生学习兴趣,提高了本课程的教学质量,取得了良好效果。

关键词： 天蚕素AD   表达   酰胺化   抗生素   配伍  

摘要： 目的设计、合成天蚕素AD(CAD)基因序列,与内含肽(Intein)融合表达后通过重组蛋白自剪切作用获得C端酰胺化的CAD,并与抗生素配伍使用。方法根据大肠埃希菌密码子偏好性对CAD基因序列进行改造,人工合成目的基因,构建重组质粒pCold-SUMO-CAD-Intein,转化大肠埃希菌,诱导表达重组蛋白,经镍柱亲和层析纯化,后用DTT及肠激酶切割,利用分子筛纯化获得酰胺化CAD,并进行电泳及质谱鉴定。采用微量肉汤法检测重组CAD抑菌活性及其与不同抗生素按不同比例配伍使用的抑菌活性。结果 PCR扩增目的基因片段为132bp,与预期一致。质谱显示表达的CAD分子质量单位为3.949ku,与理论值相符。所得CAD抗菌肽对常见革兰阴性菌抗菌力强,配伍抗生素使用能发挥协同抑菌作用。结论成功构建CAD基因重组质粒pCold-SUMO-CAD-Intein,通过与内含肽(Intein)融合表达,经分子内的自剪切作用直接获得C末端酰胺化的抗菌肽,与抗生素配伍使用,能显著降低抗生素用量,具有作为抗生素替代物的应用潜力。

关键词： Bioethics   Environment   Madison-Wisconsin   V. R. Potter  

摘要： Mindful of how the history of bioethics has often been presented, we explore the background, contributions, and influence of Van Rensselaer Potter (1911-2011) on the roots of bioethics. In the last few decades, dozens of papers have been written and published, including several doctoral theses and defenses on V. R. Potter's concept of bioethics. In those works, the context of the emergence of Potter's bioethics has sometimes been suggested, but never analyzed thoroughly. We identify seven pillars of influence for Van Rensselaer Potter's bioethical credo, drawing on several facts from the rich cultural heritage of Wisconsin, where Potter had lived and worked for the most part of his life.

关键词： Bioethics   African bioethics   Health ethics in Africa   Godfrey Tangwa   Eco-bio-communitarianism  

摘要： It is nearly two decades now since the publication of Godfrey Tangwa's article, Bioethics: African Perspective', without a critical review. His article is important because sequel to its publication in Bioethics, the idea of African bioethics' started gaining some attention in the international bioethics literature. This paper breaks this relative silence by critically examining Tangwa's claim on the existence of African bioethics. Employing conceptual and critical methods, this paper argues that Tangwa's account of African bioethics has some conceptual, methodic and substantive difficulties, which altogether do not justify the idea of African bioethics, at least for now. Contra Tangwa, this article establishes that while African bioethics remains a future possibility, it is more cogent that current efforts in the name of African bioethics' be primarily re-intensified towards Healthcare ethics in Africa'.

关键词： BIOETHICS   NONFICTION  

关键词： BIOETHICS   DRUGS   UTILITARIANISM   SCIENCE   SCIENCE & ethics  

摘要： The author reflects on evidence-based bioethics. Topics discussed include connections between science, practice, and values in medicine; origins of bioethics; and joint interests and parallel history of evidence-based medicine and evidence-based bioethics. Also being discussed is a case of development of utilitarian bioethics.

关键词： BIOETHICS   PREGNANCY   FETAL behavior   PREGNANT women   REPRODUCTIVE health  

摘要： Within the realm of bioethics, the construction of pregnancy classically has focused on principle-based ethics, essentially separating maternal and fetal interests. Respect for maternal autonomy becomes distinct from an obligation of fetal beneficence, placing practitioners in complicated ethical situations when the goals of pregnant women may be at odds with the best health interests of the fetus as defined by both professional groups and society in general. As a result, clinical care is framed by an ethical "maternal-fetal conflict," with important downstream legal and policy consequences for the well-being of pregnant women. Developments in the social sciences highlight the value of attending to the biosocial realm that a pregnant woman inhabits rather than relating to her and to her fetus as discrete entities. By understanding the needs, concerns, and context within which a woman lives, clinicians can practice an ethics of accompaniment. With a focus on an ethics of accompaniment, assumptions about the maternal moral responsibility to fetal health made by practitioners and society in general can directly affect not only clinical care, but also the way policy surrounding reproductive health is constructed and implemented.

关键词： 表观遗传   代谢疾病   社会环境   染色体结构   遗传特性   染色质重塑   皮肤癌细胞   胚胎干细胞   DNA   染色质结构  

摘要： 随着科学技术的发展和社会环境的改变,人们对食品与营养更加关注,越来越多的人开始注重营养均衡和食品安全。而对于表观遗传观点来说,食品与营养并不仅存在于均衡和安全的局限面中,也存在于遗传学这个生物大范围中,影响着生物的生理、病理以及各种负面内容的形成。其作用可以防止人们产生过度营养,避免代谢疾病的发生等,由此可见。