教学课程资源库 更多>>

关键词： “互联网+”   课程改革   基因工程   在线教学  

摘要： “互联网+”的时代背景下,教育行业也显示出新的发展方向,教育方式逐渐呈现多元化。基因工程等一些精品课程及相应的传统教学模式逐渐改革为更加个性化的教学模式。以运用计算机等现代化技术为依托,创建的新的课程学习模式,这种教育模式不仅能将传统面对面教学优势充分发挥,而且能够促进学生个性化学习,将基因工程学科内容最大限度的展现在每个学生面前,彻底贯彻“以人为本”的教育理念,根据学生的实际情况进行分层教学,实现学科教学目标的同时效培养和提升学生的创新思维、自主学习等综合能力。本文主要从“线上课程设置”,“线上教学方式创新”和“线上课程体系优化”等3个方面探讨了互联网背景下基因工程课程的改革方向,以期为新形势下相关课程的改革提供新思路。

关键词： 灰霉病   致病机制   防治方法   抗病基因   基因工程  

摘要： 灰霉病是由灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)侵染引起的真菌病害之一,对农业产品及园林观赏植物均有较大危害。对植物灰霉病的症状、发病规律及发病条件、防治措施、抗病分子水平等方面的研究情况进行了概述。对灰霉病的防治研究主要针对果蔬类,而对园林观赏植物的研究较少,这为后期对灰霉病抗性的研究提供新的研究方向。

关键词： 微生物   自然选育   诱变育种   基因工程   兽用抗生素  

摘要： 在兽用抗生素快速发展的过程中,微生物育种已经成为不可替代的一部分。微生物育种是人为地运用一定的手段或者遗传学原理对具有指定目的的菌种进行改造,去除掉不利因素,增加有利因素,最终达到预期目的的一种方法。本文简述了兽用抗生素生产菌育种的主要方法,如自然选育、诱变育种、基因工程育种等,希望能为兽用抗生素的发展提供参考与借鉴。

关键词： 动物伦理福利   设施   试验  

摘要： 通过梳理华兰生物工程股份有限公司试验设施配置,结合其日常工作中动物饲养、试验操作、人员素质提升等各个环节工作情况,分析了各环节对动物伦理福利的影响,并对今后具体伦理福利工作的执行进行了思考。

关键词： 基因工程   在线综合答疑   案例教学法  

摘要： 基因工程是我校生物工程和生物技术专业一门专业主干课程,采用智慧树共享课结合在线综合答疑的教学模式,在线综合答疑将案例项目、文献检索阅读、生物信息学网站软件及思维导图知识点梳理有机结合,以期提高学生综合运用基因工程知识分析解决实际问题的能力。

关键词： Disabilities   Ethics/Bioethics  

摘要： One of the earliest controversies in the modern history of bioethics was known at the time as "the Hopkins Mongol case," involving an infant with Trisomy 21 and duodenal atresia whose parents declined to consent to surgery. Fluids and feeding were withheld, and the infant died of dehydration after 15 days. The child's short life had a profound impact on the author's career and that of several others and ultimately led to changes in the care of children and adults with disabilities and the way difficult end-of-life decisions are made in US hospitals today. It also contributed to the growth of the modern bioethics movement and scholarship focused on pediatric bioethics issues.

关键词： Disabilities   Ethics/Bioethics  

摘要： An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses various articles within the issue on topics including the Baby Doe case of 1970 and its impact on pediatric bioethics (PB), the use of suffering in defining PB cases, and the teenagers' rights to refuse life-saving treatment.

关键词： 乙型肝炎   重组乙肝疫苗   酵母   基因工程  

摘要： 乙型病毒性肝炎(HBV)是由乙型肝炎病毒引起的以肝脏病变为主的传染病。乙型肝炎病毒是DNA病毒。基因组是双链、环状、不完全闭合的DNA。病毒的外层是病毒的外膜或被膜,内层是病毒的核心部分,核蛋白即是核心抗原(HBcAg)。在目前采用的重组疫苗方法中,用基因工程改进表面抗原之后利用酵母,动物,植物细胞进行表达是主要方法。中国仓鼠卵巢细胞(CHO),啤酒酵母细胞,大肠杆菌细胞,烟草叶绿体表达系统,马铃薯,莴苣等表达系统可以产生可食用的口服疫苗,为接种和预防提供了新的方法。利用乙肝抗原的特性,设计偶联疫苗,同时表达多种疫苗抗原,也成为研究热点方向。本文将综述多个方法的基因工程重组乙肝疫苗。

关键词： Bioethics   neuroethics   neurotechnology   non-human primates  

摘要： Recent disputes over the NIH Neuroethics Roadmap have revealed underlying tensions between neuroethics and the broader neuroscience community. These controversies should spur neuroethicists to more clearly articulate an oft-cited ideal of “integrating” neuroethics in neuroscience. In this, it is useful to consider the integration of bioethics in medical practice as both historical precedent and context for integration in neuroethics. Bioethics began as interdisciplinary scholars joined biomedical institutions to serve on newly-created IRBs and hospital ethics committees. These early bioethicists identified as outsiders and their presence was initially resisted by some in the medical establishment, but over time they became integrated into the very institutions that many had originally come to critique. This work has transformed medical practice, but also required compromises and intellectual costs. Also, the successful integration of bioethics relied in part on structural features of postwar medicine with no clear analogue in contemporary neuroscience;for neuroethics, imaginative new approaches will also be needed. While neuroethics to date has focused somewhat narrowly on questions in neurotechnology, I argue that successful integration in neuroethics will likely require a broader vision, encompassing the clinical neurosciences as well as questions at the interface of neuroscience and society. © 2020 The author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

关键词： Decision making   end-of-life issues   health care delivery   health policy   public health   rationing   resource allocation  

摘要： The COVID-19 pandemic has raised a host of ethical challenges, but key among these has been the possibility that health care systems might need to ration scarce critical care resources. Rationing policies for pandemics differ by institution, health system, and applicable law. Most seem to agree that a patient's ability to benefit from treatment and to survive are first-order considerations. However, there is debate about what clinical measures should be used to make that determination and about other factors that might be ethically appropriate to consider. In this paper, we discuss resource allocation and several related ethical challenges to the healthcare system and society, including how to define benefit, how to handle informed consent, the special needs of pediatric patients, how to engage communities in these difficult decisions, and how to mitigate concerns of discrimination and the effects of structural inequities.