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关键词： 腺病毒载体   基因工程   家国情怀  

摘要： 以“新冠肺炎”创设真实情境,用“开学第一课”中陈薇院士抗疫故事导入新冠疫苗;学生分析资料并理清新冠疫苗的研发思路,并在教师设置的任务驱动下完成腺病毒载体疫苗的模型构建,从而.认识新冠疫苗研发的重要性以及我国在抗疫中做出的巨大贡献,激发民族自豪感。

摘要： The article provides examples of highlighting the centrality of minority voice for addressing racial injustice amid the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Topics discussed include the use of a bioethics engagement model of racial minorities in Minnesota and Australia to achieve individual and communal good and better pandemic outcomes. Also noted is the time for a paradigm shift in bioethics whereby bioethicists of color can share their lived experiences of racialization.

关键词： Hirschsprung病   动物模型   DNA测序  

摘要： 目的验证苯扎氯铵制作的大鼠先天性巨结肠模型是否存在肠道菌群变化并探索其规律。方法按随机数字表法将18只200 g左右SPF级Sprague-Dawley(SD)雌鼠随机划分为实验组和对照组,每组各9只,实验组采用0.1%-30 min苯扎氯铵液制作先天性巨结肠模型,对照组用无菌生理盐水处理。分别于术后2、3、4周采集上述模型鼠狭窄段、扩张段以及对照组肠段粪菌,提取粪菌DNA。16S rRNA V3-V4区扩增后,利用Illumina MiSeq测序平台检测,并进行基于OUTs的聚类分析,门水平、属水平菌群相对丰度及多样性分析。以α=0.05为显著性水平,采用One-way ANOVA和Bonferroni校正的事后多重检验,或Kruskal-Wallis法进行差异性分析。结果实验组狭窄段、扩张段以及对照组肠道菌群总OUTs分别为876.33±27.21、913.00±43.51和6193.33±1.53,特有OUTs分别为52.00±16.46、64.67±3.78、5375.33±60.12,各组上述指标与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.0001)。实验组狭窄段、扩张段与对照组菌群ACE指数分别为1040.15±44.2、959.30±27.95和11923.52±36.66,Chao1指数分别为1087.47±130.35、946.63±29.56和10133.08±69.88,各组上述指标与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.0001)。实验组狭窄段、扩张段以及对照组菌群Shannon值分别为6.46±0.52、6.50±0.37和8.18±0.01,各组与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。对照组及实验组狭窄段、扩张段菌群门水平相对丰度较多的是厚壁菌门[(38.46±0.03)%、(72.68±6.15)%、(63.98±7.22)%]、拟杆菌门[(26.76±0.05)%、(24.91±5.98)%、(33.17±6.92)%]和变形菌门[(32.15±0.09)%、(0.70±0.30)%、(0.56±0.14)%],除拟杆菌门外,各组与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。实验组与对照组菌群属水平相对丰度前10的菌群比较,差异亦有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论苯扎氯铵制作的大鼠先天性巨结肠模型存在肠道菌群变化。

关键词： 混合式教学   线上线下   个性化发展  

摘要： 线上线下混合式教学,正成为未来教育的“新常态”。本研究旨在利用混合式教学模式,提升教师的工作效率,为学生创造一种真正高度参与的个性化学习体验。

摘要： The author discusses the need to reject race-based medicine that diagnose patients based on socially freighted physical traits. Topics covered include the myth that Black Americans' high hypertension rates are due to increased salt sensitivity, and racial capitalism's possible role in South Asians' high diabetes and obesity rates in Britain. Also noted are the disparities in coronavirus prevalence due to racism, and the need to be aware of its effects, and not of race, on illness and health.

关键词： 在线教学   病毒检测   跨学科拓展   整合能力  

摘要： "新冠"疫情暴发凸显基因工程技术对社会经济的重大影响,基因工程离我们的生活越来越近。"新冠"疫情下,为了让学生更好地完成"基因工程"课程的居家学习,我们采用了基础知识微课自学(Small Private Online Course,SPOC)+案例应用课堂剖析(Tencent Instant Messenger,QQ)+管理拓展课后互助(QQ群)+疑难问题实时解答(QQ群)的跨学科教学模式开展在线教学,通过问题引入、真实情景剖析、跨学科拓展完成了课程基本原理和主要方法的教学,使学生掌握了基因研究的基本方法、基因表达流程、基因技术应用及安全管理相关的知识。通过思考新型冠状病毒肆虐情境下如何防控,帮助学生明晰了学习目的,提高了跨学科学习的兴趣;通过新型冠状病毒核酸检测的真实情景问题和组织实施由目标设计过程、确定方法、学习课程知识,进而掌握不同学科知识应用技能的跨学科教学活动,提高了学生将基因操作技能与专业技能融合解决实际问题的能力。教学实践证明,基础自学+案例剖析+互助拓展+实时答疑的跨学科在线教学模式,可以顺利完成课程教学任务并获得与传统课堂教学等同的效果;分析案例识别问题→设计方案解析过程→确定方法归属学科→学习知识获得技能→建立方案实现目标的跨学科教学方法,既让学生获得了专业技能与基因操作技能协同解决实际问题的经验,又培养了学生的跨学科思维和整合能力。

关键词： Race and culture   ethnicity   rationing   resource allocation  

摘要： Like many fields, bioethics has been constrained to thinking to race in terms of colorblindness, the idea that ideal deliberation would ignore race and hence prevent bias. There are practical and ethically significant problems with colorblind approaches to ethical deliberation, and important reasons why race is ethically relevant. Future discourse needs to understand how and why race is relevant in bioethics.

摘要： The author argues that a form of anti-realist reconstructionism about race is the best way to fight biomedical racism. Topics discussed include race as a biological category, the need to distinguish race from radicalized groups that are mistakenly believed to be races, and the possible consideration of race as a social kind similar to kinds of physical sciences. Also noted is the importance of language in dealing with racial realism.

关键词： germline gene editing   human enhancement   political sciences   reproduction in space   space bioethics   space ethics   space philosophy   space policy  

摘要： Space philosophy is a offer rich insights in the future and already well-developed new branch of philosophy. However, space philosophers still do not pay much attention to a number of bioethical issues that may occur in space. This paper aims to introduce space bioethics, as a new branch in space philosophy, space ethics and space policy, to the philosophical and bioethical discourse. The basic issues discussed in space bioethics include-but are not limited to-human reproduction in space and human enhancement for space. This paper concludes that the new space bioethics should be a feminist new bioethics that is free from many of the historical biases associated with a male-centred perspective in philosophy and bioethics. Bioethical issues in space have also impact on future political decisions related to objectives and nature of space missions.