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关键词： 中国特色   公共政策   社会智库   政府管理   决策咨询  

摘要： 从中观-模式维度的分析视角,以政府购买社会智库服务为研究对象,对政府购买社会智库服务的理论内涵及当前存在的主要困境进行分析,指出由于当前中国政府咨询体制的内卷化,社会智库自身承接服务能力的不足,以及向社会智库购买服务制度安排的缺失等原因,致使政府购买社会智库服务实践未能有序展开。基于此,可以通过构建政府与社会智库之间的伙伴关系,提升社会智库承接服务的能力,规范政府购买社会智库服务的流程等具体措施,力图营造良好环境,完善制度设计,并以此提升我国政府科学民主决策水平。

关键词： analytical criminology   micro-macro problem   social interaction  

摘要： In this address, I revisit the micro-macro problem in criminology, arguing for an "analytical criminology" that takes an integrated approach to the micro-macro problem. I begin by contrasting an integrated methodological-individualist approach with traditional holist and individualist approaches. An integrated approach considers the concept of emergence and tackles the difficult problem of specifying causal mechanisms by which interactions among individuals produce social organizational outcomes. After presenting a few examples of micro-macro transitions relevant to criminology, I discuss research programs in sociology and economics that focus on these issues. I then discuss the implications of social interaction effects for making causal inferences about crime and for making crime policy recommendations.

关键词： Latin America   Ecological Economics Societies   Ecological Economics   Public Policy  

关键词： Vulnerable children   Children in institutional care   Residential care   Family-based care   Deinstitutionalization   Meeting children's basic needs   Advocacy  

摘要： Many countries are in the earliest stage of reforming the care sector. Reformers face challenges as they develop public policy to expand family based care and shrink institutional care. To mention a few: installing the keystone component of care reform a system to monitor and support children post-institutionalization;enabling children to grow up where they belong, in families;meeting children's basic needs where they should live, in their own communities;meeting children's basic needs where many actually live, in institutions;strengthening the social service workforce;and elevating the political priority of poor and vulnerable children through evidence based advocacy. Care reform must be sold in the political marketplace. Evidence-based, tactical advocacy is key to reforming care policy and winning the public resources needed to gear-up programs for the care, protection and development of vulnerable children.

关键词： Behavioral economics   Economics & psychology   ECONOMIC policy   Economic models   Investments   Canada  

摘要： Behavioural economics incorporates ideas from psychology, sociology and neuroscience to better predict how individuals make long-term decisions. Often the ideas adopted include present or inattention bias, both potentially leading to suboptimal outcomes. But these models also point to opportunities for effective, low-cost government policies that can have meaningful positive effects on people's long-term well-being. The last decade has been marked by a growing interest from governments the world over in using behavioural economics to inform policy decisions. This is true of Canada as well. In this paper we discuss the increasingly important role behavioural economics plays in Canadian public policy. We first contextualize government policies that have incorporated insights from behavioural economics by outlining a collection of models of intertemporal choice. We then present examples of public policy initiatives that are based upon findings in the field, placing particular emphasis on Canadian initiatives. We also document future opportunities, challenges and limitations.

关键词： corporate political activity   meta-analysis   performance   public policy outcomes   regulation   voting outcomes  

摘要： Although significant scholarship has been devoted to the study of corporate political activity, contradictory messages emerge regarding its impact on public policy outcomes and firm performance. Using meta-analytic methods on a US-only sample of 93 studies, working papers, and books, we try to disentangle two mechanisms that explain why corporate political activity is not always beneficial to firms: (1) the uncertainty about the public policy process itself, that is, can firms get the policies they want through corporate political activity? and (2) the uncertainty about the policies' impact on the firm, that is, whether firms effectively anticipate the implications of policies for their performance. Our results support the idea that these types of uncertainty play an important role in explaining the intermediary dynamics of corporate political activity. We find that in the United States, corporate political activity only weakly impacts public policy and at best has a (direct) weak effect on corporate outcomes.

关键词： adult entertainment   zoning   planning practice   pornography   freedom of speech   urban planning  

摘要： Like many American cities, Portland attempted to use urban planning and policy to control the geographic spread of adult entertainment during the 1970s. Portland's efforts, however, were complicated by Oregon's famously liberal state constitution. City Hall, the City Attorney, and the Planning Bureau spent nearly two decades trying to find a solution that would please angry city residents without violating the state constitution. As city officials worked to find a unique solution for their city, the technology used to disseminate adult entertainment was changing. Technological change was more rapid than policy change. The regulations ultimately adopted by the city did not fit the new landscape of adult businesses.

关键词： 耕地保护   利益冲突   公共政策  

摘要： 最近几年,由于耕地保护制度的利益之间发生了一些矛盾,所以我们要使用公共政策选择来研究讨论该制度之间的利益矛盾。然后把"经济人"的理念导入到该制度的供给和使用过程之中,并研究讨论将加入进来的主体的利益最大化会给该制度带来怎样的影响。研究说明:在该制度的现状下,为了满足利益能够最大化的要求,所以每个加入进来的主体和该制度都已经起了冲突。这样一来,我们就要对该制度进行改革创新,文章针对该问题进行了分析和讨论,以供需要的人参考。

关键词： 公共政策质量   公共管理   文献统计   研究展望  

摘要： 文章选取公共政策质量文献作为研究对象,以CNKI数据库文献来源作为分析样本,采用文献计量方法从文献数量和文献内容两个层面展开研究,结果发现,公共政策质量研究具有广阔的研究空间,后续研究应该加强不同研究机构间多元融合,强调跨学科间合作共舞,重视研究团队整合,明晰研究视角,综合研究方法,祛除研究碎片化现状,系统整合研究主题,提升研究整体质量。