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关键词： 风险   矛盾   主观能动性   公共政策  

摘要： 防范化解重大风险是人类要面对的重大课题。防范化解重大风险应有一个简洁清晰的战略框架。这个框架应从三个维度进行构建:一是认识风险的本质,风险是各种矛盾综合运动的结果,也是人的理性和非理性思想与行为发挥作用的结果;二是把握防范化解重大风险的战略原则,主要包括维护社会秩序、保障人民利益和推动社会进步;三是形成社会矛盾监测预警、掌握对社会局势的主导权和控制权、形成快速反应行动能力的战略策略。

关键词： 电子邮件   页边距   通讯地址   正文内容   单倍行距   小四号   邮政编码  

摘要： 一、格式要求1.全文采用Microsoft Office软件编排;如打印,请用A4纸输出。正文内容以小四号宋体、单倍行距编排,页边距上、下、左、右均不小于2.54厘米。2.稿件首页包括:中文标题、作者有关信息(包括姓名、所在单位、通讯地址、邮政编码、联系电话、电子邮件,多人合作可以明确"通讯作者",可署多个单位和支持项目。)。

关键词： 网络社群   政策过程   公共政策执行  

摘要： 网络社群是在网络互动交流平台上基于价值偏好认同而产生的社会群体。其中社群成员都会在不同价值偏好的支配下参与社会事务,这些纷繁多样的价值偏好在相互激荡中形成网络社群的共同价值观念,这种共同的价值观念能够借助互联网传播的通道去影响公共政策的执行。网络社群对公共政策执行的影响是多维的,从网络社群对公共政策执行的积极影响方面来看:网络社群为政策执行的反馈提供了工具性支持、为政策效能感的获得提供交流平台、对政策执行偏差进行了反馈纠正。因此,厘清网络社群对公共政策执行的积极影响,在此基础上进一步优化网络社群对公共政策执行的影响策略,从而实现公共政策执行的既定目标,在当下具有十分重要的现实意义。

关键词： 公共政策   公共秩序   韩国   善良风俗   国际商事仲裁  

摘要： 在立法上,韩国对公共政策的界定分为国内民法的解释和国际私法的解释。其国内民法的解释把违反人伦道德的行为、过度限制人身自由的行为和明显的射幸合同行为等视为违反公共政策;而国际私法在表述上虽然与国内民法相同,但不能与民法对公共政策的解释相同。在实践中,韩国法院主要从违反国际惯例、程序的欺诈、裁决是否附具理由、既判力、法律基本原则、强行法规等方面来审查是否构成违反公共政策。

关键词： 扶贫工作   精准脱贫   扶贫开发   连片特困地区   工作任务书   脱贫攻坚战   公共政策   时间表  

摘要： 习近平总书记提出,连片特困地区党委和政府的工作重点要放在扶贫开发上,突出扶贫开发的重要性。甘肃实施的“1+17”精准扶贫精准脱贫的方案,制定了当前与未来扶贫工作任务书、作战图及时间表,要求扶贫工作做到六个精准,即对象精准,目标精准、内容精准、方式精准、考评精准、保障精准,为甘肃打赢脱贫攻坚战提供了政策支持。

关键词： 公共政策   案例教学   理论发展   典型案例  

摘要： 公共政策案例教学的目的并非为既有理论提供“例证”,而是应当实现理论发展或知识创新,以培养学生的研究性思维与创新能力。在政策案例的选择上,需要注意案例的典型性特征,特别是中国情境下的典型案例选择问题,并以中国公共政策理论话语体系的构建为指向。因此,案例教学应当体现为研究性过程,教师与学生一起从事理论知识的生产。

关键词： 数字经济   创造性破坏   最优公共政策  

摘要： 数字经济伴随着信息技术的创新而不断发展,信息技术本身的不断创新及更替带动了行业的发展,不少技术已经消失和被替代。当前,数字经济以更快的速度和更广泛的应用推动着消费、生产及交易等环节不断发生新的变化。这些变化必然带来资源的再配置,存在着破坏效应及可能的风险。为了更好地适应数字经济的发展,需要在全社会层面进行最优的制度设计:容忍破坏效应,引导破产及再就业;谨防垄断,减少对创新的阻碍;容忍冒险及企业家的非理性行为,进行全社会的风险管控;更好地利用社会化信息,并保护个人隐私。

关键词： Research translation   Research utilisation   Healthy public policy research   Research policy advisory groups   Researcher policymaker collaboration  

摘要： Objectives This paper reflects on experiences of Australian public health researchers and members of research policy advisory groups (PAGs) in working with PAGs. It considers their benefits and challenges for building researcher and policy actor collaboration and ensuring policy relevance of research. Methods Four research projects conducted between 2015 and 2020 were selected for analysis. 68 PAG members from Australian federal, state and local governments, NGOs and academics participated in providing feedback. Thematic analysis of participant feedback and researchers' critical reflections on the effectiveness and capacity of PAGs to support research translation was undertaken. Results PAGs benefit the research process and can facilitate knowledge translation. PAG membership changes, differing researcher and policy actor agendas, and researchers' need to balance policy relevance and research independence are challenges when working with PAGs. Strategies to improve the function of health policy research PAGs are identified. Conclusions The paper suggests a broader adapted approach for gaining the benefits and addressing the challenges of working with PAGs. It opens theoretical and practical discussion of PAGs' role and how they can increase research translation into policy.

关键词： Alternative fuels   Public policy   Transport sector   Energy policy  

摘要： Over the last century, several public policies and programs focusing on the transport sector have been implemented, contributing to changes in the way fuels are consumed in the world. This paper aims to analyze the effects of public policies on fuel prices and consumption through a review of the legislation and a historical analysis from 1920 to 2019 of the political and economic contexts regarding different fuels. In order to do so, this paper uses Brazil as a case study. From combining historical fuel prices/consumption data and the policies implemented, it was possible to empirically identify the key policies that supported the increase of alternative fuels consumption. The results showed that most of the sanctioned legislation related to fuels regards taxes to control prices in the market, fuel production and commercialization. Besides, many of them were created for immediate situations to fit a specific need, not addressing important global environmental issues and disregarded any long-term planning. It is also concluded that there is a preference for developing and subsidizing business-asusual fuels that could provide energy security over more environmentally friendly options.

关键词： Persistent organic pollutants   PM10   PM2.5, urban air pollution   Public policies  

摘要： The presence of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) was analysed in air particulate matter <= 2.5 mu m (PM2.5) and 10 mm (PM10) collected in the Metropolitan Zone of Mexico Valley (MZMV), during 2013 and 2014, respectively. Spatial and seasonal distributions of PM and their organic content named solvent extracted organic matter (SEOM) were determined. PM mass concentration and SEOM/PM ratios were compared with previous studies in 2006 in Mexico City. PM2.5 concentration was like found in 2006, however, PM10 decreased-43%. The SEOM/PM10 ratio was kept constant, suggesting a decrease in SEOM as well as PM10 emitted from natural sources, probably as a result of changes in the land use due to urban growth. A decrease-50% SEOM/PM2.5 ratio was observed in the same period, linked to adequate strategies and public policies applied by the local and federal governments to control the organic matter emitted from anthropogenic sources. Seven out of sixteen OCPs and five out of six PBDEs were found. The most common POPs were endosulfan I, endosulfan II, endosulfan sulfate, BDE-47 and BDE-99, present on 90% of the sampling days. OCPs in PM2.5 and PBDEs in PM10 showed seasonal variability. Higher PBDEs concentration in both particle sizes were observed at east and southeast of the MZMV, where one of the biggest landfills and wastewater treatment plants are located. OCPs in PM10 were mainly emitted from agricultural areas located to the southwest, southeast and east of the MZMV. OCPs in PM2.5 showed a regional contribution from the north and introduced into the valley. OCP degradation products were dominant over native OCPs, indicating no fresh OCP use. POPs comparison with other cities was made. Agreements and commissions created by the Mexican government reduced OCPs emissions, however, more effort must be made to control PBDE emission sources. (c) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.