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关键词： 健康码   公共政策分析   数字化   新冠肺炎疫情防控  

摘要： 健康码政策是我国抗击新冠肺炎疫情过程中产生的现代治理数据化和疫情防控常态化的重要治理手段。在新冠肺炎疫情防控过程中,健康码发挥了重要作用。健康码政策的生成有赖于诚信申报、技术进步、系统建构、法规完善。健康码政策实施过程中存在政策执行僵化、政策执行者沟通协调能力不足、政策执行存在偏差等问题。要提升健康码治理效能,需要重视大数据背景下的个人隐私保护、数字技术的应用基础和公共服务的市场化边界。

关键词： 网络舆论   多源流理论   公共政策   议程设置   滴滴顺风车  

摘要： 网络舆论对政策议程的影响是一个重要议题,已有文献大都将网络舆论视为外生给定因素探讨其对政策议程的影响,缺乏对网络舆论的动态特性及其影响效应的足够关注。本文对金登多源流理论原型进行修正,结合现实观察和理论推演,构建一个"两阶段多源流"理论框架,刻画以回应策略和行为为调节变量的多源流耦合程度对公共政策形成的影响。基于这一理论框架,围绕滴滴顺风车安全事件对顺风车安全管理政策进行分析,结果表明:政策议程是由问题触发、舆论驱动的,具有明显的阶段性;由于缺乏实质性回应,紧挨着的两起危机事件引发网络舆论的升级,促使问题源流、政治源流与政策源流从轻度耦合演变为高度耦合,进而促使"问题之窗"与"政治之窗"相继开启,最终导致顺风车安全管理政策由宽松到严苛的巨大转变。本文新构建的理论框架对于转型国家的议程设置和政策形成,特别是公共舆论与政策之间的关系方面具有更强的解释力。本文结论在网络舆论引导和民意的实质性回应方面具有明显的政策含义。

关键词： BOPPPS模型   全英教学   “旅游经济热点与公共政策”   旅游经济学  

摘要： "旅游经济热点与公共政策"是旅游管理类本科专业课程,对于培养学生专业素养具有重要作用。为实现与国际社会接轨,培养高素质、创新型、国际化旅游专业人才,全英教学是旅游管理专业发展的必然趋势,但在实施初期难免会遇到难题。将BOPPPS模型引入"旅游经济热点与公共政策"全英教学中,把教学活动模块化,将其划分为导入、学习目标、前测、参与式学习、后测、总结六个模块,旨在缓解学生对全英教学的畏惧情绪,促进课堂上师生之间的交流与互动,提升学生课堂学习参与度。同时,教师需在教学过程中把握好立德树人、学以致用、学生主体、循序渐进等原则,致力于提高教学质量,打造全英教学一流课程,为新时代旅游业发展培养更多专业人才。

关键词： 婴儿潮   退休   积累制   养老院   人口金融   生育   养老  

摘要： 伴随着人口世代更迭,中国面临日益严重的老龄化问题以及由其带来的长寿风险。为降低老龄化对经济社会系统的冲击,学者们在退休、养老制度以及生育政策等方面展开探讨,形成了百家争鸣的局面。面对不同的学术观点,围绕在上述方面的争议,作者提出面对扑面而来的老龄潮,短期为分散养老潮,降低改革阻力和减缓养老潮对社会经济系统的负面冲击:其一,在实行普遍延迟退休之前,需先实施逐步或者弹性延迟退休;为实现逐步和弹性延迟退休之前的初始公平性,需先实行分类延迟退休。其二,更替养老制度,创新养老模式:在全球化和和开放的视野下,增加养老金的积累效应,提高养老金的收益;变传统散养的养老模式为集中供养,注重城乡在生产和养老上的分工,把农村打造成养老天堂,进而提高养老生产率水平。长期,由于延迟退休效应、基金制养老制度效应的衰减以及提高养老生产率水平的人口基础丧失,唯有通过放开生育,才能迎接未来普遍延迟退休之后60后婴儿潮引发的养老潮以及不断加深的老龄化,而生育力量能否精准释放和生育的养老目标能否实现依赖于社会制度建设,如人口金融的开展。

摘要： 《中国公共政策评论》(Chinese Public Policy Review)由教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地中山大学中国公共管理研究中心和中山大学政治与公共事务管理学院创办,是一本致力于推动公共政策,特别是社会政策研究的学术性集刊,由格致出版社以书代刊形式出版发行。自2007年8月创刊以来,已经完成了16卷的出版,目前一年出版两卷。

关键词： Environmental policy instruments   Energy-efficient design   Crowding-in   crowding-out   Consumer awareness  

摘要： To facilitate the energy transition, regulators can choose between several policy options to stimulate energy-efficient design by firms. One possibility is to target firms directly through standards or subsidies. Alternatively, it is possible to influence firms indirectly by targeting firms' stakeholders and raising consumer awareness through information campaigns and education. In this paper, we focus specifically on the pivotal role of consumers and we investigate the effectiveness of subsidies, product standards, and education in improving firms' environmental performance through energy-efficient product design. In particular, we investigate the importance of the interaction effect between the regulation and consumers' environmental awareness under different market structures. We find that a policy based on a product standard can counteract the negative effects of crowding-out consumers' intrinsic motivation in a monopoly setting, although this counteracting effect is less powerful under a duopoly. However, a subsidy does not provide such a backup system and the full effect of crowding-out will be visible.

关键词： Kenya   policymakers   media   influence  

摘要： Many scholars argue that the media can influence policymakers - determining the policy agenda, framing issues, prioritising issues and, on occasion, setting the policy as well. It could be, however, that skilled policymakers exploit the media, so that the media in fact reflects the issues that policymakers want debated. This then poses an important question of whether the media does indeed influence the public policy process. The topic of media influence is widely studied in consolidated democracies but there has been limited research in consolidating democracies. This paper addresses both of these gaps - through exploring the extent to which the media influences policymakers in Kenya, a country perceived to have a moderately free press and one in which a range of interest groups vie to influence government and thus with a media likely to carry a range of competing opinions.

摘要： Social Exclusion is a major concern for EU institutions and several instruments have been devised to counter it. This work aims to assess the role played by policy measures in fighting social exclusion in the EU, distinguishing between national and supranational tools. Given the available data, we run a multilevel model, combining national and regional observations for 20 EU Member States between 2005 and 2016. We use social expenditure and resilience as proxies for national tools and the Regional Policy funding as a proxy for supranational tools. Our results confirm the relevance of both types of policy measures. In particular, we find that resilience reduces social exclusion significantly, while social expenditure has a non-significant (though negative) effect. The EU funding on the other hand successfully decreases social exclusion, but if regional dummies are introduced, the effect holds only for Eastern European countries. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： COVID-19   Science education   History and philosophy of science   Science studies   Public controversies  

摘要： Our purpose in this article is to discuss the roles for HPSS in Science Education considering the crisis of COVID-19, as well as to think what Science Education could look like beyond the pandemic. Considering the context of a pandemic as a starting point, we defend in this article the thesis that contours of public controversy involving COVID-19 bring elements that allow us to argue that Science Education needs to embrace perspectives that highlight politics as co-constitutive of science, and not in a subsidiary role to it. To defend this thesis, we begin with a theoretical framework based on arguments of science studies and from exemplary cases from history of science. Then, we analyze some of the public controversies surrounding COVID-19, in its most central aspects, trying to interpret how intertwining between science and politics took place. Brazilian case is analyzed in more details. Finally, based on educational scholarship and considering the previous discussions, we propose some implications for Science Education research and practices, both concerning the role of HPSS in its teaching and discussing critically boundaries of this research field.

关键词： COVID-19   Government stringency   Community mobility   Grassroots initiatives   Time series   Hong Kong  

摘要： The COVID-19 outbreak has necessitated a critical review of urban transportation and its role in society against the backdrop of an exogenous shock. This article extends the transportation literature regarding community responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and what lessons can be obtained from the case of Hong Kong in 2020. Individual behavior and collective responsibility are considered crucial to ensure both personal and community wellbeing in a pandemic context. Trends in government policies, the number of infectious cases, and community mobility are examined using multiple data sources. The mobility changes that occurred during the state of emergency are revealed by a time-series analysis of variables that measure both the epidemiological severity level and government stringency. The results demonstrate a high response capability of the local government, inhabitants, and communities. Communities in Hong Kong are found to have reacted faster than the implementation of health interventions, whereas the government policies effectively reduced the number of infection cases. The ways in which community action are vital to empower flexible and adaptive community responses are also explored. The results indicate that voluntary community involvement constitutes a necessary condition to help inform and reshape future transport policy and response strategies to mitigate the pandemic.