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关键词： 乡村振兴   特色小镇   公共政策   优化   城乡融合  

摘要： 在全面推进乡村振兴战略背景下,特色小镇与乡村振兴战略的关联性日益增强。从政策环境看,乡村振兴战略多项国家政策要求发展特色小镇;从内涵演变看,特色小镇的内涵经历了从建制镇到非镇非区的变化,成为乡村振兴战略的有效载体;从作用发挥看,特色小镇推动乡村产业发展、城乡融合、农业农村改革,是实施乡村振兴战略的重要抓手。江苏省特色小镇公共政策内容涵盖了政策目标、培育部门、创建达标制、相关扶持政策措施、统计监测和考核机制等多方面,但存在过渡性而非长久性、重旅游功能轻常住功能、重城市资源下乡轻城乡融合发展、重培育创建轻规范管理等欠缺。对此,应明晰特色小镇的行政属性,将特色小镇纳入我国现行的行政区划管理体系中进行长效管理;使用"宜居城市"标准代替"3A景区"标准;明确特色小镇在城乡融合发展中的功能定位和重要任务,给予特色小镇在城乡融合方面的政策支持;完善特色小镇高质量发展长效机制,围绕高净值人群的需求不断完善小镇基础设施和公共服务,建立健全统计监测工作的部门协调机制,建立市场化的数据应用机制,推动特色小镇治理精准化。

关键词： 住房公积金   一流技术   一流服务   金融资产   财政资金   守门人   异常数据   改革趋势  

摘要： 广东省深圳市居民家庭经济状况核对工作顺应改革趋势,发挥后发优势,坚持"一流理念生成一流标准、一流标准落地一流技术、一流技术引领一流功能、一流功能示范一流服务"理念,创新核对机制,当好公共政策准入的"守门人"。2021年3~8月,全市累计查询户籍、车辆、不动产、税务、住房公积金、社保、工商登记、金融资产、证券等关键数据信息127万条,并循证异常数据5万条,核查出不诚信家庭446户(次),节省了财政资金4200多万元。

关键词： 停课不停学   公共政策   在线教育  

摘要： 本篇文章以威廉·N·邓恩关于政策分析中的问题构建理论为指导,根据教育部门“停课不停学”相关政策文件,结合我国疫情期间在线教育实施状况,对“停课不停学”政策进行问题构建分析,并且对如何促进“停课不停学”政策问题的有效解决建议,以便为后疫情时代我国政府及学校制定相关政策方针提供理论依据与借鉴,也为新时代我国在线教育教学的健康持续发展提供经验。

关键词： 公共政策   议程设置   网络平台   发展探索  

摘要： 网络时代公众参与政治的方式多种多样,公众对于公共政策议程的影响越发重要。面对和处理网络信息变为了政府工作的日常部分,从复杂多面的社会信息中准确识别出最反映人民真实需求的社会问题,将其列入到政府公共政策议程清单中,这给政府提出了挑战。探索网络时代给政策议程设置带来的机遇和挑战,将网络的快速便捷特点发挥最大效用,在政府的政策议程设置中占有更多的发言权,更好地实现民主化,建设服务型政府。

关键词： 公共政策   营商环境   高质量发展   Nvivo 12  

摘要： 把握新发展阶段、贯彻新发展理念、构建新发展格局,是以习近平同志为核心的党中央统筹中华民族伟大复兴战略全局和世界百年未有之大变局,与时俱进提升我国经济发展水平、塑造我国国际经济合作和竞争新优势作出的重大战略判断和战略抉择。党的十八大以来,国务院聚焦企业关切,为推动营商环境政策落实,更好地服务市场主体,相继出台了多项优化营商环境文件。文章总结了我国营商环境优化发展的实践历程,基于政策工具视角与内容分析法,借助NVivo 12软件对我国31省(自治区、直辖市)相继出台的优化营商环境条例进行编码分析,并归纳总结试点城市营商环境建设成效,最后提出进一步优化营商环境的政策建议。

关键词： Corridor   Circuit theory   Protected areas   Jaguar conservation   Landscape connectivity   Least-cost path  

摘要： Context Land use change, habitat loss and fragmentation are the major threats to jaguar conservation in Latin America. Here, we integrate the information of jaguar's distribution to identify priority areas for its conservation. Objective We evaluated the effect of topographic, anthropogenic and landscape variables on habitat suitability to evaluate potential core areas and biological corridors for jaguar conservation across Mexico. Methods We compiled a database of jaguar occurrence records, geospatial data-set of all Natural Protected Areas and using the expert criterion of the Mexican jaguar specialists to define Jaguar Geographic Regions;i.e. well-defined large units with similar ecological characteristics across the geographic range of jaguars in Mexico. We then conducted analyses of ecological niche models to identify Jaguar Conservation Units;i.e. core units with jaguar populations of 15 or more individuals. We used Least Cost Path and Circuit Theory analyses to define the Biological Corridors;i.e. regions with enough habitat to allow for jaguar dispersal along their geographic range, but putting emphasis in connecting Jaguar Conservation Units. Results We identified 5 Jaguar Geographic Regions (JGRs), 10 Jaguar Conservation Units (JCUs), and 13 Biological Corridors to maintain the connectivity of jaguar's populations across their whole geographic range in Mexico. Our results showed that JGRs cover 25% of the country but only 21% of those regions are currently protected in nature reserves. So, our study illustrates the importance of the creation of new protected areas or the implementation of other schemes of conservation to protect larger extensions of the jaguars' habitat in Mexico. It also indicates that despite the reduction of jaguar range in Mexico, there are still relatively large and well conserved areas capable of maintaining jaguar populations. Conclusions Our results are a fundamental tool to guide the conservation and management of jaguars in Mexic

关键词： Brazil   regional development   tropical bioeconomy   research needs   sustainability   social development   public policy  

摘要： The bioeconomy presents an amazing opportunity for developing countries to promote economic and social development. It provides a real possibility for the production, conversion, and environmentally sustainable use of natural resources. Several countries have integrated the bioeconomy into their policy strategies worldwide, encouraged by recent advances and future perspectives in bio-science and biotechnology, with strong potential to boost economic output. However, making the most of the bioeconomy, and achieving its real benefits, will require new and innovative approaches in science, technology development, and business, and global policies and regulatory frameworks strongly focused on social development and the conservation and preservation of environmental resources. To explore this new scenario, a technological roadmapping exercise was performed during June 2015 and June 2018, involving more than 1500 experts, including researchers, technical experts from the private sector, policymakers, and stakeholders. The main results outline opportunities and technological drivers in research, development, demonstration, and deployment (RDD&D), focusing on regional development for 13 strategic areas of tropical bioeconomy in Sao Paulo State, Brazil, including the main public policy needs for the development of the bioeconomy. (c) 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

关键词： Immigration   Singapore   Language planning and policy   Mother tongue   Public policy   Incrementalism   Punctuated equilibrium   Genealogy  

摘要： This paper suggests an explicatory model for language policy reform (or lack thereof) at the level of the state. This is accomplished by assessing the value of the 'punctuated equilibrium' model of public policy analysis (Howlett and Migone, Policy and Society 30(1):53-62, 2011), which I argue can be strengthened by a genealogical approach (Foucault, Social Science Information 10(2):7-30, 1971). Singapore's Mother Tongue (MT) policy is used as a case for illustration. There is a consensus amongst local linguists (e.g. Tan, World Englishes 33(3):319-339, 2014;Wee, Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education 35(5):649-660, 2014) that the current MT policy of assigning an official MT based on one's race is essentialist and untenable in light of language shift toward English and increasing diversity through immigration. Using the model, the MT policy is argued to be part of a larger system of policies that maintain a particular understanding of racial equality through a unique brand of multiracialism. The pressures of increasing immigration and diversity are insufficient as exogenous shocks that might lead to changes to the MT policy. Instead, partisan interests in maintaining this brand of multiracialism serves to entrench existing ethnolinguistic policy positions, contributing to inertia in language policy reform.

关键词： economic dynamics   public policy   resilience   viability theory  

摘要： Policy problems are typically formulated as optimization problems. Governments are conceptualized as optimizing agents. Risky situations are modelled as outcomes with known probabilities. Under 'radical' uncertainty, this model collapses because possible outcomes and their probabilities are unknown. Public policy must then build resilience to 'unknown unknowns'. Viability theory offers a superior tool for such situations than optimization. The width of the viability kernel represents a mathematical expression for the degree of resilience to unknown shocks. Policy then aims at suitable investments that expand the viability kernel. We demonstrate the design of policy using viability theory with a simple model.

关键词： Criminology and Criminal Justice   general   Criminal Law and Criminal Procedure Law   Political Science   Social Sciences  

摘要： Given its vast border with the United States, Mexico is a strategic trade and economic development region, which creates significant challenges in combating crime and violence. In recent years, Mexico ' s federal and state governments have focused their efforts on the development of strategies to combat and weaken the criminal structures operating in the country by using legal instruments such as seizure, abandonment, and extinction of domain. This study seeks to identify the challenges faced by the states of Baja California, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, Sonora, and Tamaulipas in their efforts to combat crime through the collection of primary and secondary data and interviews with key actors. Mexico faces major challenges in the development of public policies to fortify the legal precepts of extinction of domain, in addition to fostering institutional links with the Financial and Patrimonial Intelligence Units of Mexico's northern Border States. There are few studies about subnational efforts for asset forfeiture as a policy instrument against criminal elements in developing countries. The Mexican case presents important subnational efforts to improve security strategies that may provide guidance for other subnational governments or regions that may be facing similar challenges or are pursuing parallel initiatives.