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关键词： 屋顶花园   绿地覆盖率   城市风貌   养护要点   建筑屋顶   休闲场所   建筑外形   大城市  

摘要： 为了提高城市绿化面积,改善城市的生态环境,并给居民提供休闲场所,在建筑屋顶上营建绿地,称之为屋顶花园。一些大城市,屋顶花园的营造已很普遍,不仅增加城市的绿地覆盖面积,使绿地覆盖率提高,而且在增加绿量的同时,起到调节和改善城市生态环境的作用,并且利用植物柔软的枝叶轮廓改善钢硬的水泥建筑外形、改变建筑体固有的形态,利用植物增加动态的景观效果,丰富城市风貌。

关键词： 公路桥梁工程施工   伸缩缝施工   技术剖析  

摘要： 近年来,随着社会的不断变化发展,公路桥梁工程的数量日益增多,为相关建筑单位带来诸多发展契机的同时也对其施工质量提出了更高要求。在公路桥梁工程中,对于伸缩缝的施工是其薄弱一环,该部分对路桥的质量起着关键性的作用,直接影响公路桥梁运行后安全是否能够得到切实保障。因此,各建筑单位应当高度重视伸缩缝施工这一环节,发挥技术优势保障路桥的正常使用寿命及其安全稳定性。本文主要围绕“公路桥梁工程中的伸缩缝施工技术”展开讨论,具体分析应用伸缩缝施工技术的要点,简单阐述如何发挥技术优势,提高工程质量的有效措施,旨在对相关施工单位和公路桥梁工作者发挥参考价值,科学运用伸缩缝施工技术提高公路桥梁工程的整体质量。

关键词： 城市整体性视角   历史建筑分类   历史保护   西安  

摘要： 通过类型化研究,有效识别历史建筑的历史意义和文化内涵,进而形成行之有效的保护与利用对策,对于城市历史文化的保护至关重要。基于城市整体性视角,本文以国家级历史文化名城西安市为例,提出了西安历史建筑分类标准体系,并根据历史建筑分类,探讨了历史建筑与现代城市空间的融合机制及保护监督机制。基于城市整体性视角,建立时空演进的动态思维,对于历史建筑的分类和保护工作的有效开展至关重要。在保护历史的同时,要坚持文化的继承与创新,激发城市活力和创新力,建构可持续的城市文化发展路径。

关键词： 桥梁工程   伸缩缝   质量控制  

摘要： 作为公路桥梁组成部分的公路桥梁伸缩缝将直接影响着施工工程的质量,也是直接影响着道路桥梁的使用寿命。公路桥梁的伸缩缝就像我们人类的人体关节,如果我们的人体关节出现问题,那么我们的行动就会受到整体影响,所以在进行公路桥梁设计施工中要充分的重视施工质量。

关键词： 高职高专院校   扩招生退役军人   精准教学实施  

摘要： 退役军人国家为了提高其学历和能力,现在各个高职高专院校都在扩招退役军人,采用灵活的教学模式完成学业,各个院校根据退役军人的特点实施精准教学模式,但在实施的过程中由于退役军人学历、年龄等不同因素,在分类精准教学实施的过程中也存在一定问题,必须根据问题提出有效的解决措施,科学有效的完成退役军人的教学,保质保量完成其教学任务,有效的提高退役军人综合素养,为现代企业培养应用型高级技术人才。本论文从不同方面阐述高职高专院校扩招生退役军人在建筑相关专业分类精准教学实施过程中的问题,希望为研究退役军人建筑相关专业精准教学实施的专家和学者提供理论参考依据。

关键词： 生物滞留   老旧小区   洗衣废水   有机物浓度   闲置时间   污染物  

摘要： 老旧小区因历史原因长期存在阳台洗衣废水排入雨水管道现象,并对水体造成了严重污染。生物滞留是海绵城市建设的优选措施之一,但其受季节性降雨特征影响而出现过长干旱期,导致植物死亡进而损害系统功能,甚至造成降雨径流引起的污染物淋洗现象。生物滞留系统在干旱期处理其他污染水源(如洗衣废水)可消除人为浇灌养护工作,并提高系统应对干旱气候的适应能力。为考察生物滞留系统在干旱期对洗衣废水的处理效能,该文研究了进水有机物浓度和闲置时间对生物滞留系统除污性能的影响。结果表明,生物滞留系统可高效去除洗衣废水中的TSS;植物系统对TN、NH_(4)^(+)-N和COD等污染物的去除效果均显著优于无植物系统;进水有机物浓度对系统除污能力具有一定的影响,尤其是有机物浓度过高不利于植物系统对氮的去除;当闲置时间为2~4 d时,系统对洗衣废水的除污性能受闲置时间影响不显著。研究证实,生物滞留系统在非雨季可用于阳台洗衣废水中的处理。

关键词： compound screening   microfluidics   structural biology   protein crystallography   X-ray diffraction  

摘要： A novel capillary-based microfluidic strategy to accelerate the process of small-molecule-compound screening by room-temperature X-ray crystallography using protein crystals is reported. The ultra-thin microfluidic devices are composed of a UV-curable polymer, patterned by cleanroom photolithography, and have nine capillary channels per chip. The chip was designed for ease of sample manipulation, sample stability and minimal X-ray background. 3D-printed frames and cassettes conforming to SBS standards are used to house the capillary chips, providing additional mechanical stability and compatibility with automated liquid- and sample-handling robotics. These devices enable an innovative in situ crystal-soaking screening workflow, akin to high-throughput compound screening, such that quantitative electron density maps sufficient to determine weak binding events are efficiently obtained. This work paves the way for adopting a room-temperature microfluidics-based sample delivery method at synchrotron sources to facilitate high-throughput protein-crystallography-based screening of compounds at high concentration with the aim of discovering novel binding events in an automated manner.

关键词： CD10   chronic graft-versus-host disease   lectin-like oxidized lipoprotein receptor-1   neutrophils   T cells  

摘要： Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a frequent complication of allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Low density neutrophils (LDNs) in autoimmunity, which shares disease features with cGVHD, are proinflammatory, whereas those in cancer and sepsis suppress T cell immunity. Mature LDNs can be distinguished from immature LDNs on the basis of expression of CD10 and suppressive neutrophils can be identified using lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) expression. The functionality of LDNs in cGVHD has not been specifically investigated. Here, we have determined the relative contribution of immature and mature neutrophils to LDNs in cGVHD and assessed whether these were suppressive or potentially proinflammatory. Peripheral blood LDNs and normal density neutrophils (NDNs) from 30 cGVHD patients and NDNs from 10 healthy controls (HCs) were immunophenotyped by flow cytometry. The ability of LDNs and NDNs to influence T cell proliferation and cytokine production in co-cultures was quantified. To further characterize LDNs, their propensity to undergo constitutive apoptosis and differentiate ex vivo was assessed. LDNs were elevated in cGVHD versus HCs, heterogeneous in phenotype, with a predominance of immature CD10(-) cells in most patients, but some mature CD10(+) LOX-1(+) LDNs were also detected. LDNs enhanced autologous T cell proliferation, interleukin (IL)-6 and interferon (IFN)-gamma production. LDN, but not NDN, CD10 expression was inversely correlated with LOX-1, which correlated with IL-6 production. LDNs resisted apoptosis and differentiated into antigen-presenting/neutrophil-hybrid-like cells, which co-expressed major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II HLA-DR and immuno-inhibitory programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), but did not suppress T cell proliferation. These data suggest LDNs in cGVHD are predominantly immature, proinflammatory and may have pathogenic potential.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2   Antivirals   Primary human airway epithelial cells   Remdesivir   GS-441524   EIDD-1931  

摘要： There are, besides remdesivir, no approved antivirals for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infections. To aid in the search for antivirals against this virus, we explored the use of human tracheal airway epithelial cells (HtAEC) and human small airway epithelial cells (HsAEC) grown at the air-liquid interface (ALI). These cultures were infected at the apical side with one of two different SARS-CoV-2 isolates. Each virus was shown to replicate to high titers for extended periods of time (at least 8 days) and, in particular an isolate with the D614G in the spike (S) protein did so more efficiently at 35 degrees C than 37 degrees C. The effect of a selected panel of reference drugs that were added to the culture medium at the basolateral side of the system was explored. Remdesivir, GS-441524 (the parent nucleoside of remdesivir), EIDD-1931 (the parent nucleoside of molnupiravir) and IFN (beta 1 and lambda 1) all resulted in dose-dependent inhibition of viral RNA and infectious virus titers collected at the apical side. However, AT-511 (the free base form of AT-527 currently in clinical testing) failed to inhibit viral replication in these in vitro primary cell models. Together, these results provide a reference for further studies aimed at selecting SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors for further preclinical and clinical development.

关键词： Hypopituitarism   Autoimmunity   Anti-pituitary antibody   Cell mediated immune response  

摘要： Introduction Primary autoimmune hypophysitis (PAHs) is a rare inflammatory disease of the pituitary gland. Although largely investigated, the pathogenesis of PAH is not completely clarified. We aimed to investigate the immune response in PAHs. Material and methods Serum anti-pituitary and anti-hypothalamus antibodies (respectively APAs and AHAs) were investigated though an indirect immunofluorescence on monkey hypophysis and hypothalamus slides, serum cytokines though an array membrane and cell-mediated immunity though the white blood cells count. Results Nineteen PAH cases entered the study. APA or AHA were identified in all cases. APA were detected in 13 patients (68.4%) and AHA in 13 patients (68.4%). Ten patients (52.6%) were simultaneously positive for both APA and AHA. The prevalence of APAs and AHAs was higher as compared to those observed in 50 health controls (respectively 14% p < 0.001 and 24% p = 0.004) and in 100 not-secreting pituitary adenoma (NFPAs) (respectively 22% p = 0.002 and 8% p < 0.001). Similarly, the prevalence of simultaneous positivity for APA and AHA (52.9%) was higher as compared to the those detected in patients affected by NFPAs (0%;p < 0.001) and in health controls (16% p = 0.002). No differences were identified between PAHs and controls at qualitative and quantitative analysis of serum cytokines and white blood cells count. Conclusions This study suggest that APA and AHA may be detected in an high percentage of PAH cases and that their simultaneous identification may be useful for the differential diagnosis between PAH and NFPAs, in an appropriate clinical context.