关键词:
金融科技
企业数字化转型
技术创新
风险管理
摘要:
随着数字经济成为全球经济发展的核心驱动力,金融科技作为人工智能、区块链等新兴技术的融合载体,正通过重塑金融服务模式深度赋能企业数字化转型。本文系统梳理了金融科技与数字化转型的内涵、测度方法及其互动机制,得出以下发现:现有测度方法多基于企业年报文本挖掘构建“技术采纳–实践输出”词频指标,但面临词库滞后性、语义噪声及信息披露质量等限制;在驱动机制上,金融科技通过缓解融资约束、优化风险管理和增强创新活力三大核心路径推动企业转型,创造性地把调节效应归纳为企业内部治理能力与外部制度环境的协同作用;异质性分析表明,金融科技对非国有企业、高科技企业及东部地区企业的驱动效应更为显著,体现为市场化决策灵活性、技术适配性与数字基建优势的差异化影响。本文整合碎片化研究成果,提出“技术赋能–机制传导–政策协同”分析框架,为企业实践与政策制定提供理论依据,并呼吁未来结合多源异构数据与机器学习技术构建动态测度模型,以精准捕捉数字化转型的演化轨迹。研究进一步提出,政策端需强化制度适配,企业端应结合生命周期制定差异化转型策略,为解码数字时代的技术赋能逻辑提供新视角。As the digital economy emerges as a core driver of global economic development, financial technology (FinTech), integrating cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence and blockchain, is profoundly empowering enterprise digital transformation by reshaping financial service models. This paper systematically reviews the definitions, measurement methods, and interaction mechanisms of FinTech and digital transformation. Key findings include: Existing measurement approaches predominantly rely on text mining of corporate annual reports to construct “technology adoption - practical application” keyword frequency indicators, yet face limitations such as keyword obsolescence, semantic noise, and disclosure quality issues;In terms of driving mechanisms, FinTech drives transformation through three core mechanisms—alleviating financing constraints, optimizing risk management, and enhancing innovation vitality—with moderating effects stemming from the synergy between internal governance capabilities and external institutional environments;Heterogeneity analysis reveals stronger FinTech-driven effects on non-state-owned enterprises, high-tech firms, and enterprises in eastern China, attributable to flexible market-oriented decision-making, technological compatibility, and digital infrastructure advantages. By consolidating fragmented research, this study proposes a “technology empowerment - mechanism transmission - policy coordination” analytical framework, providing theoretical foundations for corpor