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关键词： 搜索引擎   在线投稿   个人账户   网址   主页   邮箱   代理   推广服务  

摘要： 近期我编辑部发现有网站自称是《中国骨科临床与基础研究杂志》的官网、“主编直接征稿”、“官网在线征稿主页”等,提供在线投稿方式,要求作者将审稿费汇至某个人账户等;或有中介冒用我刊名义进行征稿、收费,谎称为本刊编辑,能代理在本刊发表文章等事宜。为此,本刊发表严正声明:1.本刊未与任何搜索引擎签订推广服务,本刊在线投稿网址为http://***/,编辑部邮箱为cjocbs@***,cjorth@***。

关键词： 新兴职业   信息管理   用户体验  

摘要： 文章以用户体验这一新兴领域为例,分析国内外信息管理学科新兴职业要求和发展的异同和趋势。通过调研国内外三个招聘网站对用户体验相关岗位的职位描述,从岗位职能、知识和技能、能力、学历要求等方面,分析这一新兴职位的特点结果表明对于信息管理学科在诸如用户体验这样的新兴技术领域的人才培养有一定启示。信息管理学科应该在塑造这些新兴职业中起到更为重要的作用。

关键词： Information retrieval   Contextual re-ranking   Similarity fusion  

摘要： Similarity networks contain important topological features and patterns critical to understanding interactions among samples in a large dataset. To create a comprehensive view of the interactions within a dataset, the Similarity Network Fusion (SNF) technique has been proposed to fuse the similarity networks based on different data types into one similarity network that represents the full spectrum of underlying data. In this paper, a modified version of SNF, which is named as Contextual Information based SNF (CI-SNF), is proposed. In CI-SNF, first, modified Jaccard distance is performed on the SNF fused similarity to utilize the contextual information contained in the fused similarity network. Second, the local consistency of samples from the same category is enhanced by speculating that the samples which are located high in the Jaccard distance based ranking list of a specific query are from the same category as the query. Third, the inverted index technique is introduced to utilize the sparsity property of the locally consistent similarity network to enhance the computational efficiency. To verify the effectiveness and efficiency of CI-SNF model, it is applied in four different tasks, Cover Song Identification (CSI), image classification, cancer subtype identification, and drug taxonomy, respectively. Extensive experiments on thirteen challenging datasets demonstrate that CI-SNF scheme outperforms state-of-the-art similarity fusion algorithms including SNF in all four tasks. It is also verified that utilizing the contextual information contained in the SNF-based similarity network helps to enhance the performance of the SNF-based scheme, further.

关键词： Indexes   Search engines   Heuristic algorithms   Approximation algorithms   Google   Companies   Computer science   Index shard   search engine   replication   resource usage   heuristic algorithms  

摘要： With the rapid growth of the Web scale, large scale search engines have to set up a huge number of machines to place the index files of the Web contents. The index files are normally divided into smaller index shards which are often replicated so that queries can be processed in parallel. We observe from real systems that the index shard replication strategy could have a significant impact on the resource usage. In this paper, we investigate the index shard replication problem with the goal of minimizing the resource usage in search engine datacenters. We consider both the offline version and online version of the problem, and formulate the problems as non-linear integer programming problems. We propose several heuristic algorithms to approximate the optimal solution. The proposed algorithms are evaluated by extensive experiments using both synthetic data and real data from commercial search engines. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms. Our work also yields many insights about the impact of different input properties on the performance of each algorithm. We believe that this paper will provide valuable guidance to the design of the index shard replication strategy in practice.

关键词： Competitive intelligence   consultancy   information resources   support for company library   Spain  

摘要： The globalization of the economy has meant that firms increasingly need a great variety of information, which may be about its competitors, suppliers, distributors, potential customers, but also about technological, legal, sociological, about access to markets, etc. That information may refer to a single country or many. The Internet has led to the multiplication of business information resources, but, with the huge quantity of open access information resources being joined to the electronic information industry, retrieval of that information and endowing it with added value requires highly qualified personnel. Corporate librarians cannot always fulfill that function. That is why Competitive Intelligence consulting firms are beginning to proliferate worldwide since they provide a fundamental point of support for firms to be able to deal with all this information. By means of prior analyses, these firms generate "ad hoc" informative products for their corporate clients. The present work is an exhaustive description of this sector in Spain - its size, forms of operation, services offered, and sectors to which they are directed. This description may serve to help business librarians, brokers, and managers know whom they can turn to in their countries to resolve an informational problem whose complexity they can not address without external assistance.

关键词： Search engines   piracy   copyright   anti-piracy   randomized experiment  

摘要： Many papers in the literature have analyzed the role search rank plays in influencing user choices for the same product offered through different links. However, the literature has not analyzed whether search position can cause users to change their consumption between two ex ante distinct product categories. We analyze this question in the context of the ongoing public policy debate surrounding the role search engines can play in anti-piracy efforts. Specifically, we analyze whether reducing the prominence of infringing links can impact users choices between legal and infringing content. To do this we design a customized search engine that allows us to manipulate the positions of infringing and legal links in users' search results. We then use this search engine to conduct experiments on a general population of users and on a subset of college-aged users. Our data show that reducing the prominence of infringing links in search results causes users who otherwise would have consumed infringing content to switch their consumption to paid legal content, and that these results hold even among users whose initial search queries express an explicit preference for infringing content. These results suggest that even small changes in the cost of discovering pirated content can have a relatively large impact on user behavior. As such, our results inform an important public policy debate by showing that search engines have a vital role to play in the fight against online copyright theft.

摘要： IN HER POPULAR book, Weapons of Math Destruction, data scientist Cathy O'Neil elegantly describes to the general population the danger of the data science revolution in decision making. She describes how the US News ranking of universities, which orders universities based on 15 measured properties, created new dynamics in university behavior, as they adapted to these measures, ultimately resulting in decreased social welfare. Unfortunately, the idea that data science-related algorithms, such as ranking, cause changes in behavior, and that this dynamic may lead to socially inferior outcomes, is dominant in our new online economy.

关键词： Ontology   Stakeholder   Knowledge domain   Search engine   Digital tools   Farmers  

摘要： A key challenge in agriculture, as in other disciplines, is taking a large body of research-based knowledge and making it meaningful to the user-audience. Computer aided search engines potentially can offer widespread access to large repositories with relevant reports and publications, however the usefulness of such systems for the practitioners who are dealing with multi-faceted and context-related issues is often limited. Building search engines with user-centered ontologies offer a means of resolving this as it provides a vocabulary common to different stakeholders and can optimise the interaction between practitioner users and the expert system. The paper critically reflects on the methodology used to construct a user-centered ontology in the development of a search engine designed to help agricultural practitioners (farmers and advisers) find useful research outputs. This involved the iterative participation of domain experts, adviser practitioners and stakeholder communities in ten diverse case studies across Europe. Specifically it analyses the design, validation and evaluation phases of the ontology development drawing on qualitative data (reports, observations, interviews) from four case studies and asks: How effective is the process of co-constructing an ontology with experts, practitioners and other stakeholders in enabling the search for useful and meaningful knowledge? In doing this, it contributes to a deeper theoretical understanding of shared concepts and meanings in the context of digital communications in the agricultural arena by adapting Carlile's (2004) framework of syntactic, semantic and pragmatic capacities.

关键词： cybermanufacturing   manufacturing search engine   matching manufacturers   shape search   CAD search  

摘要： In this paper, we present "FabSearch," a prototype search engine for sourcing manufacturing service providers, by making use of the product manufacturing information (PMI) contained within a 3D digital file of a part product. FabSearch is designed to take in a query 3D model, such as the .STEP file of a part model which then produces a ranked list of job shop service providers who are best suited to fabricate the part. Service providers may have potentially built hundreds to thousands of parts with associated part 3D models over time. FabSearch assumes that these service providers have shared shape signatures of the part models built previously to enable the algorithm to most effectively rank the service providers who have the most experience to build the query part model. FabSearch has two important features that helps it produce relevant results. First, it makes use of the shape characteristics of the 3D part by calculating the Spherical Harmonics signature of the part to calculate the most similar shapes built previously be job shop service providers. Second, FabSearch utilizes metadata about each part, such as material specification, tolerance requirements to help improve the search results based on the specific query model requirements. The algorithm is tested against a repository containing more than 2000 models distributed across various job shop service providers. For the first time, we show the potential for utilizing the rich information contained within a 3D part model to automate the sourcing and eventual selection of manufacturing service providers.

关键词： Search engines   Age   Gender   Demographics  

摘要： The correlation between the demographics of users and the text they write has been investigated through literary texts and, more recently, social media. However, differences pertaining to language use in search engines has not been thoroughly analyzed, especially for age and gender differences. Such differences are important especially due to the growing use of search engine data in the study of human health, where queries are used to identify patient populations. Using three datasets comprising of queries from multiple general-purpose Internet search engines we investigate the correlation between demography (age, gender, and income) and the text of queries submitted to search engines. Our results show that females and younger people use longer queries. This difference is such that females make approximately 25% more queries with 10 or more words. In the case of queries which identify users as having specific medical conditions we find that females make 53% more queries than expected, and that this results in patient cohorts which are highly skewed in gender and age, compared to known patient populations. We show that methods for cohort selection which use additional information beyond queries where users indicate their condition are less skewed. Finally, we show that biased training cohorts can lead to differential performance of models designed to detect disease from search engine queries. Our results indicate that studies where demographic representation is important, such as in the study of health aspect of users or when search engines are evaluated for fairness, care should be taken in the selection of search engine data so as to create a representative dataset.