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关键词： 潜规则   圣诞老人   圣诞节   不可缺少   颜色   红色   衣服  

摘要： 颜色也有“潜规则”。留着长长的白胡子、穿一身红衣服的圣诞老人是圣诞节不可缺少的角色。不过,圣诞老人最初并没有统一的服装。据资料记载,还出现过穿蓝色衣服的圣诞老人。1931年,美国可口可乐公司为满足宣传的需要,把公司的形象色一红色作为圣诞老人衣服的颜色。穿红色衣服的圣诞老人形象从此火遍全球。

关键词： biogeographical realms   Huxley's Line   Indo-Australian Archipelago   Indonesian throughflow   Lydekker's Line   over-water dispersal   Sahul   Sundaland   Wallacea   Weber's Line  

摘要： Based on a comprehensive literature survey, we determined the sources of the terrestrial vertebrate species on Christmas Island, asking where they originated relative to Wallace's Line (the southern end of the divide lies 1100 km to the east, where the Lombok Strait adjoins the eastern Indian Ocean). The two bats, Pipistrellus murrayi and Pteropus natalis, are from the west. Concerning the endemic and 'resident' bird species, one is from the west (Collocalia natalis), four are from the east (Accipiter fasciatus, Egretta novaehollandiae, Falco cenchroides and Ninox natalis) and the other 15 are ambiguous or indeterminate. Most of the land-locked species are also from the east: rodents Rattus macleari and Rattus nativitatis, and squamates Cryptoblepharus egeriae, Emoia nativitatis and Lepidodactylus listeria. Additionally, two have westerly origins (Crocidura trichura and Cyrtodactylus sadleiri), one is ambiguous (Emoia atrocostata) and another is unknown (Ramphotyphlops exocoeti). West-directed surface currents that flow across the eastern Indian Ocean towards Christmas Island would have facilitated most of the land-animal colonizations. We therefore suggest that Wallace's Line be redrawn such that the landmass is placed on the Australasian side of this fundamental biogeographical boundary.

ISBN: (纸本)9787532782468

关键词： 耶稣基督   基督宗教   东正教   东方教会   西方教会   《圣经》   圣诞节   节日  

摘要： 圣诞节(Christmas)亦称"耶稣圣诞瞻礼""主降生节"。基督教重要节日之一。为纪念耶稣基督的诞生,多数教会皆举行。《圣经》中无耶稣诞生日期的记载。公元4世纪,西方教会规定于每年12月25日守此节。东正教和其他东方教会由于历法不同,其12月25日相当于公历1月6日或7日。

关键词： 天主教   耶稣   庆节   复活   教会   圣诞节   节日  

摘要： 假如我问你们,天主教最重要的节日是什么?我猜很多人都会想到圣诞节。但是我想告诉大家,天主教最重要的节日其实并不是圣诞节,而是复活节。因为耶稣的复活是教会一切庆节的核心,是庆节中的庆节。那么复活节到底在庆祝什么呢?为何教会要把它看得如此之重要?这其实是因为复活节不只是在纪念一段曾经发生在过去的历史,也不是在庆祝耶稣"个人"的复活,而是为全人类都获得复活的希望而加以庆祝,复活节是一个为生命歌唱赞美的庆节!

关键词： 朴树   吉他手   三个月时间   胰腺癌   协和医院   体重下降   圣诞节  

摘要： 朴树的吉他手程鑫体重下降了近50公斤,2014年圣诞节,朴树拖着程鑫去协和医院检查,发现他患了胰腺癌。医生说:“病人只有两三个月时间了,没有必要手术和化疗了。”朴树还是决定全力抢救程鑫。助理劝朴树:“估计程鑫几个月就要花掉你全部的收入,你卡里的钱根本不够。”朴树说:“不够的话咱不是可以签公司吗,先卖身。”

关键词： 意大利政府   半月谈   隔离措施   疫情   复活节   肺炎   圣诞节  

摘要： 意大利当地有句俗语:“圣诞节要和家人一起过,复活节就和喜欢的人过。”但是刚刚过去的复活节,绝大部分意大利人不得不留在家里安静地过。新冠肺炎疫情暴发以来,意大利的确诊病例不断飙升.成为欧洲疫情最严重的国家之一。意大利政府从3月10日起实行全国范围的封城隔离措施,4月初总理孔特宣布把封城期限再次延长至5月3日。半月谈记者身处此地,亲历了数月来疫情给当地带来的改变。

关键词： satellite remote sensing   volcanic ash and SO2 retrievals   volcano monitoring   Etna 2018 eruption   ground-based remote sensing   volcanic hazard  

摘要： On the morning of 24 December 2018, an eruptive event occurred at Etna, which was followed the next day by a strong sequence of shallow earthquakes. The eruptive episode lasted until 30 December, ranging from moderate strombolian to lava fountain activity coupled with vigorous ash/gas emissions and a lava flow effusion toward the eastern volcano flank of Valle del Bove. In this work, the data collected from the Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed Imager (SEVIRI) instruments on board the Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) geostationary satellite are used to characterize the Etna activity by estimating the proximal and distal eruption parameters in near real time. The inversion of data indicates the onset of eruption on 24 December at 11:15 UTC, a maximum Time Average Discharge Rate (TADR) of 8.3 m(3)/s, a cumulative lava volume emitted of 0.5 Mm(3), and a Volcanic Plume Top Height (VPTH) that reached a maximum altitude of 8 km above sea level (asl). The volcanic cloud ash and SO2 result totally collocated, with an ash amount generally lower than SO2 except on 24 December during the climax phase. A total amount of about 100 and 35 kt of SO2 and ash respectively was emitted during the entire eruptive period, while the SO2 fluxes reached peaks of more than 600 kg/s, with a mean value of about 185 kg/s. The SEVIRI VPTH, ash/SO2 masses, and flux time series have been compared with the results obtained from the ground-based visible (VIS) cameras and FLux Automatic MEasurements (FLAME) networks, and the satellite images collected by the MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instruments on board the Terra and Aqua- polar satellites. The analysis indicates good agreement between SEVIRI, VIS camera, and MODIS retrievals with VPTH, ash, and SO2 estimations all within measurement errors. The SEVIRI and FLAME SO2 flux retrievals show significant discrepancies due to the presence of volcanic ash and a gap of data on the FLAME network. The results obtained in this

关键词： Salts   Hydrocarbons   Catalysts   Solvents   Silver  

摘要： The use of ball mills enabled the efficient mechanosynthesis of a variety of N-aryl,N-alkyl imidazolium salts and of corresponding NHC silver(I) complexes. Transmetalation with ruthenium via mechanochemistry allowed the rapid access (from 1.5 min to 1 h) to complexes having a similar structure to Noels-type precatalysts. Evaluation of the complexes in the ring-opening metathesis polymerization of norbornene in different solvent, including nontoxic ones, showed a high catalytic activity for one of them, comparable to that of the Noels catalyst.