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关键词： 传统节日   信仰   人文地理   改革开放   外国节日   葛剑雄   圣诞节   中国  

摘要： 新近一期的《环球人文地理》刊载了葛剑雄的文章,认为信仰乃传统节日之基础。 改革开放以来,圣诞节等一些外国节日在中国日渐流行。与此同时,中国的传统节日越来越不受重视,虽有政府大力维持,民间有识之士大声疾呼,但似乎难挽狂澜,有些洋节大有取代传统节日之势。

关键词： 国际机场   地面温度   Smith   悉尼   圣诞节   鼓浪屿   飞机   空气  

摘要： 一个人的行走。直白，简单，明亮。悉尼，晴天，27℃。10年前的圣诞节，飞机降落在悉尼Kingsford Smith国际机场，机长广播着地面温度。走出机场，我呼吸、感受着27℃的悉尼，空气凉爽又带着点潮湿。那是我第一次独自旅行。后来便一发不可收拾，一个人走过了丽江、阳朔、鼓浪屿、西贡、雅典……我习惯记录每一次飞机降落时报告的地面温度，记下陌生城市第一口空气的模样，它们让旅行的起点具体而真实。

关键词： 生活   美国电影   经典电影   圣诞节   主人公   丧失  

摘要： Leading： 《生活多美好》曾被美国电影学会评选为＂百年百部励志电影＂榜首,已被公认为圣诞节必看的经典电影。电影讲述了主人公乔治丧失了对生活的信心,准备在圣诞夜自杀,在天使的指引下,他明白了自己生命的价值所在,重新鼓起了生活的勇气。

关键词： 世界   圣诞节   工业化   不相容   平安夜   音乐会   城市   怀念  

摘要： 一座高度工业化的城市,天气阴霾、空间逼仄,仿佛穿着最坚硬、最冰冷的外壳.但是只要你用心感受,就能发现她柔软、温情的内在.生活在这座城市的人们,也都在演绎着属于自己的小小传奇.这部影片讲述的就是圣诞节前,发生在伦敦的十个真爱故事.新任首相入主唐宁街10号的第一天,就被新来的女助理吸引了.她笑容甜美,每次给他送咖啡的时候,都会配上几块他喜欢的饼干.他很喜欢她,却认为政治和爱情是不相容的.忍痛把她调离岗位后,他还是会时常怀念她.平安夜收到她送的圣诞贺卡,他终于鼓起勇气驱车至她居住的长街,一家家叩门相问.最后他们一同在后台看孩子们的圣诞音乐会表演,幕布拉开,露出他们亲密拥吻的身影.

关键词： 国际   科技   年轻人   端午节   中秋节   情人节   圣诞节   节日  

摘要： 对于年轻人来说，最喜欢的莫过于过节了，不管是端午节、中秋节，还是情人节、圣诞节，都是人们放松自己、享受快乐的时刻。然而，你可能不知道，世界上还有一些有关科技的国际节日，下面就去认识一下这些不被大众熟悉却有着重大意义的节日。

关键词： 节日促销   餐饮行业   餐饮企业   行业惯例   品牌形象   圣诞节   元旦节   元宵节  

摘要： 餐饮行业每年都有几大重要的主题节日，从12月份开始到第二年的3月份，圣诞节、元旦节、春节、元宵节等纷纷登场，同时餐饮企业多是看天吃饭的行业，我们经过对20家餐饮企业的深度咨询认为，因节日不同而设计不同的促销主题，因节日促销主题而设置不同的促销主题墙、促销菜品等已经成为行业惯例，这样既可提升餐饮的门店销量，又可提升餐饮门店的品牌形象，一举双得。

关键词： Bagged Clustering   Logit model   Cultural event   Christmas Market   Market segmentation  

摘要： Market segmentation in tourism makes use of sets of powerful analytical tools for the sake of planning and managing demand-oriented policies. This paper contributes to this strand of literature by segmenting tourists visiting a cultural event. We utilize the Bagged Clustering method, a combination of traditional partitioning and hierarchical techniques, which is proven to be more effective. An ad hoc survey was conducted in 2011 among the Italian visitors of the Christmas Market in Merano, Northern Italy. A total of 802 questionnaires were collected. In discussing the results, marketing and managerial implications are stressed for both policymakers and local organizers. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： control program   invasive ant   life history   mutualism   seasonality  

摘要： The timing and duration of sexual brood production in ants can affect their rate of spread and colony growth. Because protein is key to larval growth, queen survival and fecundity, macronutrient collection by foraging workers is expected to favour protein prior to and throughout gyne production. However, food preference driven by the production of gynes may be overridden by a preference associated with worker production, especially if investment in workers vastly outweighs that of sexual brood and workers are produced on different schedules. Food preferences alone may not indicate the availability of that food type in the environment. On Christmas Island, Indian Ocean, sexual brood of the invasive Yellow Crazy Ant, Anoplolepis gracilipes (Smith, 1857), was produced annually during a single period associated with the onset of the wet season. However, workers were produced continuously throughout the year and colony investment to worker production measured by the standing biomass of eggs, larvae and pupae, typically exceeded 98%. High, aseasonal investment in worker production, together with aseasonal worker activity, would suggest that there should be no seasonal preference shown by workers at food stations containing both protein and carbohydrate. However, workers showed a preference for one food type over another on 46 of 61 occasions at one site and on 31 of 41 occasions at another. When a preference was shown, it was predominantly for protein-rich food during the dry season and almost always for carbohydrate at the onset and during the wet season. We suggest that these preferences reflect seasonal shortages in key resources when invertebrates (protein-rich) are scarce during the dry season and honeydew from scale insects (carbohydrate) is depleted by rain during the wet season. On Christmas Island, timing and duration of the dry season preference for protein has been exploited by the control program for A. gracilipes supercolonies, which deploys a toxin in a prot

关键词： Conservation genetics   Microsatellite   Effective population size   Mitochondria   Anoplolepis gracilipes   Population structure  

摘要： The red crab, Gecarcoidea natalis, is endemic to Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean and largely responsible for shaping the unique ecosystem found throughout the island's rainforests. However, the introduction and establishment of supercolonies of the highly invasive yellow crazy ant, Anoplolepis gracilipes, has decimated red crab numbers over the last several decades. This poses a significant risk to the future conservation of G. natalis and consequently threatens the integrity of the unique island ecosystem. Here we undertook a population genetic analysis of G. natalis using a combination of 11 microsatellite markers and sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene from samples collected on Christmas Island as well as a single location from North Keeling Island (located approximately 900 km west of Christmas Island). The genetic results indicate that G. natalis is a single panmictic population on Christmas Island, with no spatial genetic structure or restricted gene flow apparent between sampled locations. Further, G. natalis from North Keeling Island are not genetically distinct and are recent immigrants from Christmas Island. The effective population size of G. natalis has likely remained large and stable on Christmas Island throughout its evolutionary history with relatively moderate to high levels of genetic diversity in microsatellite loci and mitochondrial haplotypes assessed in this study. For management purposes G. natalis can be considered a single panmictic population, which should simplify conservation efforts for the genetic management of this iconic island species.