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关键词： 汉语   语言学   研究  

ISBN: (纸本)9787548243489

摘要： 本书以语言结构和语言演变规则的实证研究为主线，以从材料到理论的模式展开研究，分为共时篇和历时篇两篇。共时篇包括汉语规则性复合词和派生词的构式视角分析、汉语作为第二语言学习者独白叙事的语篇分析等。历时篇包括历史比较研究中的数学方法、汉藏语历史比较个案研究、汉语与周边语言接触的规则研究、语言接触的音变机制研究、语法结构的协和在语言演变中的作用、类型学标记性在语言接触中的作用等。本书围绕陈保亚教授学术研究中关注的理论问题，以对语言材料的具体分析展开进一步的理论探索。

关键词： Angle pairs on a transversal   Prospective mathematics teachers   Linguistic signifiers   Angle relationships  

摘要： Embracing a multisemiotic approach, this case study addresses the ways in which prospective middle school mathematics teachers use linguistic signifiers idiosyncratic to the Turkish language to construe mathematical meaning of angles formed by two lines cut by a transversal. Also, students' mathematical referents to explain angle relationships were characterized. Six students (3 female, 3 male) volunteered to participate in an individual task-based interview. The results indicated that students used morphological units of meaning when they explained the mathematical concepts. Also, most students used the parallelism of the two lines cut by a transversal as a qualifier to be able to talk about the angle pairs on a transversal. They most often recited properties, such as the U property, to explain the angle relationships. Implications for future research are provided.

关键词： Proverbs   Pragmatics   Sociolinguistics   Gender and language   Cultural values  

摘要： This introduction to the special issue on proverbs across cultures presents a theoretical backdrop to the field of studying proverbs in general and within pragmatics in particular. It is an interdisciplinary and cross-cultural scrutiny which discusses pragmatic and sociolinguistic research on the role of proverbs in the (de)construction of gender ideologies, the transmission of cultural values, and their conceptual meaning, functions and contexts of use. It examines issues of language, society, and identity such as gender representation, politeness and language contact and discusses some of the central problems relevant to pragmatic research on proverbs. The authors highlight, among other things, how proverbs reveal instances of cultural sharing in some contexts while at the same time, reflecting the diversity in world views. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： English as an additional language (EAL)   Multilingualism   Multilingual approaches in education   Teacher beliefs   Professional development   Teaching practices  

摘要： This study investigated the impact of professional development on teacher beliefs and practices in linguistically heterogeneous EAL classrooms. Structured classroom observations and semi-structured interviews were used to assess the progress of three EAL teachers at a Norwegian primary school who participated in monthly professional development workshops. The longitudinal findings suggest that although the teachers developed positive beliefs about multilingualism and multilingually-oriented education, they tended to persist in monolingual teaching practices, did not acknowledge linguistic and cultural diversity in the classroom, and failed to employ multilingual teaching strategies systematically. (c) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://***/licenses/by/4.0/).

关键词： linguistic formality   engagement   willingness to invest   social media   disclosure   financial reporting  

摘要： As firms increasingly use social media to provide disclosures to investors, it is important to understand whether the characteristics that are associated with these disclosures lead to different reactions from investors than disclosures provided via more traditional channels. In this paper, we use an experiment to examine whether linguistic formality in positive news disclosures, and engagement of social media users surrounding the disclosures (e.g., "likes" and "retweets"), affect investors' judgments about a firm and its management. Results suggest that, as predicted, investors are more sensitive to signals of audience engagement when disclosures use informal rather than formal language. Specifically, when associated with signals of high audience engagement, the use of informal language leads to greater willingness to invest than the use of formal language in a disclosure. However, also as predicted, the use of informal language hurts willingness to invest when associated with signals of low audience engagement. In two follow-up experiments, we investigate how news valence and linguistic formality are expected to affect the level of audience engagement in the first place, and we investigate whether managers strategically vary their use of linguistic formality based on characteristics of the setting. Overall, our results provide evidence on how firms might use social media disclosures to better connect with investors. This study contributes to the growing literature on linguistic attributes of disclosures, and the emerging literature investigating the consequences of issuing financial disclosures through social media.

关键词： Education   language ideological debates   language policy   linguistic complexity   Maghreb  

摘要： Sociolinguistic debates and controversies in the Maghreb can be explained as a function of the complexity of the linguistic facts on the ground, their stereotypical representations and their essentialization in political, everyday and also academic discourses. This contribution aims to produce a critical synthesis of the important issues linked to the status of the official languages, namely institutional Arabic and school Tamazight, which some social actors oppose to the first languages of the people of the Maghreb, namely Maghrebi Arabic and Berber languages. Current debates also concern the question of the replacement of French by English in academia, English being defended by the Arabist elite in order to reduce the field of influence of the francophone elite.

关键词： 应用语言学  

ISBN: (纸本)9787206185618

摘要： 本书共分为八章，主要分为三个层面具体论述。第一，理论层面。介绍了语言、语言学与应用语言学的基础知识；分析了语言学的定义、特点，总结了应用语言学的内容，揭示了应用语言学在学科体系中的地位，并梳理了中国应用语言学的发展历程。第二，研究方法层面。构建了应用语言学研究方法体系，该体系包括三个部分，分别为质性研究、实证研究与实验研究。第三，具体论述层面。对应用语言学前沿问题进行了仔细探究。

关键词： Decision making   Balanced scorecards   Network data envelopment analysis   Readability   Artificial intelligence  

摘要： This research introduces a fusion architecture that integrates balanced scorecards (BSCs) and network data envelopment analysis (NDEA) to conduct a performance evaluation task from multiple perspectives. The architecture is able to capture the dynamics of production processes and sub-processes, uncover some of the components behind successful business practices, and shed light on needed actions for decision makers. Furthermore, the architecture not only can support decision makers to plan for improvement, but also equip them with forecasting ability. To enhance its forecasting quality, this study goes beyond quantitative ratios and extends them to qualitative ratios (i.e., readability: the complexities of disclosure) borrowed from computational linguistics. The results indicate that a poor readability score is highly associated with bad operations. Finally, to enlarge the mechanism's applicable fields, the study executes the genetic algorithm (GA) to extract the inherent decision logics and represents them in a human-readable manner. The mechanism, examined by real cases, is a promising alternative for performance evaluation and forecasting.

关键词： Hendiadys   Double verb constructions   Complaining   Conflictual environments   Interaction  

摘要： Double verb constructions known as hendiadys have been studied primarily in literary texts and corpora of written language. Much less is known about their properties and usage in spoken language, where expressions such as 'come and see', 'go and tell', 'sit and talk' are particularly common, and where we can find an even richer diversity of other constructions. In this study, we investigate hendiadys in corpora of naturally occurring social interactions in four languages, Danish, English (US and UK), Finnish and Italian, with the objective of exploring whether hendiadys is used systematically in recurrent interactional and sequential circumstances, from which it is possible to identify the pragmatic function(s) that hendiadys may serve. Examining hendiadys in conversation also offers us a special window into its grammatical properties, for example when a speaker self-corrects from a non-hendiadic to a hendiadic expression, exposing the boundary between related grammatical forms and demonstrating the distinctiveness of hendiadys in context. More broadly, we demonstrate that hendiadys is systematically associated with talk about complainable matters, in environments characterised by a conflict, dissonance, or friction that is ongoing in the interaction or that is being reported by one participant to another. We also find that the utterance in which hendiadys is used is typically in a subsequent and possibly terminal position in the sequence, summarising or concluding it. Another key finding is that the complainable or conflictual element in these interactions is expressed primarily by the first conjunct of the hendiadic construction. Whilst the first conjunct is semantically subsidiary to the second, it is pragmatically the most important one. This analysis leads us to revisit a long-established asymmetry between the verbal components of hendiadys, and to bring to light the synergy of grammar and pragmatics in language usage. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved