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关键词： 国家重点实验室   特种经济动物   分子生物学   吉林省   培育   中国畜牧业协会   质量监督检验测试中心   专业委员会  

摘要： 杨福合，男，1957年8月生，研究员，博士生导师，现任中国农业科学院特产研究所所长，兼吉林省特种经济动物分子生物学重点实验室-省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地主任、农业部特种经济动植物及产品质量监督检验测试中心主任、国家畜禽遗传资源委员会委员、国家特种畜禽品种审定专业委员会主任委员、中国畜牧业协会副会长兼鹿业分会执行会长、中国农学会特产分会理事长、中韩鹿科技交流协会会长、国家参茸标准化委员会副主任委员、吉林省动物保健品协会会长、吉林省特产学会理事长、吉林省农学会副理事长、政协吉林省第十届委员会委员。

关键词： 特种经济动物   国家重点实验室   分子生物学   吉林省   培育   优异种质资源   生物学特性   生物学理论  

摘要： 总体定位 特种经济动物分子生物学省部共建国家重点实验室紧紧围绕国家重大需求和国际动物学科发展的方向与前沿研究领域，重点开展特种经济动物优异种质资源基因组学、特种经济动物分子育种学、特种经济动物分子调控、特种经济动物组织细胞工程、特种经济动物特有的生物学特性等研究，为建立特种经济动物分子生物学理论潞蘖定坚实的基础，使我国特种经济动物分子生物学在整体水平上达到国际先进水平。

关键词： 脾阳虚   动物模型   生物学标志   脏器系数   肿瘤坏死因子α   白细胞介素1β  

摘要： 目的:总结脾阳虚动物模型的生物学标志,为科研及临床相关工作者提供参考。方法:对近10年有关脾阳虚动物模型生物学标志的文献进行整理,寻找可作为脾阳虚动物模型生物学标志的参考指标。结果:已发现的脾阳虚动物模型的生物学标志主要包括脏器系数、肠道菌群数量、淋巴细胞转化率、睾酮、集落刺激因子、肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素1β、肽转运载体1、水通道蛋白3、抗凋亡基因、促凋亡基因、下丘脑胶质原纤维酸性蛋白和Ⅲ型补体受体抗体等。结论:上述生物学标志物可用于衡量中医证型造模是否成功,可把各种中医症状与客观实验指标联系起来,使中医实验研究更加科学严谨、有章可循。

关键词： 动物生物学   实习   教学模式  

摘要： 野外实习是动物生物学教学的一个重要组成部分。笔者根据多次参加实习教学的经验,并参考国内外高校的一些成功做法,总结出动物生物学实习教学模式,具体从实习的准备阶段、实施阶段和总结阶段三个方面来阐述。动物生物学实习过程中应注意一些问题,包括加强教师的向导作用、充分发挥学生的主动性等。

关键词： 竞赛试题   动物行为学   奥林匹克   生物学   国际   进化   遗传  

摘要： 理论Ⅰ整套试题总分：93．8分，时间：180min。可能是多选题，每个空格都需要填写。例如：

关键词： 沸石   生物学功能   动物生产   应用  

摘要： 沸石作为替代抗生素的饲料添加剂,具有保护动物肠道,促进消化吸收,提高物质代谢,抗氧化和提高机体免疫力等多种功能,已被广泛应用于饲料工业。综述了沸石的生物学功能以及在动物生产中的应用研究进展,特别是对沸石在猪、家禽、反刍动物以及水产动物上的应用做了较全面的阐述。

关键词： Organism   Platform   synthetic biology   animal cell  

关键词： Macrophages   Receptors   Parasites   Phagocytes   Transplantation immunology   Ligands   Parasite hosts   Toll like receptors   Islets of Langerhans  

摘要： Despite recent advances in medical technology and a global effort to improve public health and hygiene, parasitic infections remain a major health and economic burden worldwide. The World Health Organization estimates that about 1/3 of the world's population is currently infected with a soil-transmitted helminth, and millions more suffer from diseases caused by protozoan parasites including Plasmodium, Trypanosoma, and Leishmania species. Due to the selective pressure applied by parasitic and other infections, animals have evolved an intricate immune system;however, the current worldwide prevalence of parasitic infections clearly indicates that these pathogens have adapted equally well. Thus, developing a better understanding of the host-parasite relationship, particularly by focusing on the host immune response and the mechanisms by which parasites evade this response, is a critical first step in mitigating the detrimental effects of parasitic diseases. Macrophages are critical contributors during the host response to protozoan parasites, and the success or failure of these cells often tips the balance in favor of the host or parasite. Herein, we briefly discuss macrophage biology and provide an update on our current understanding of how these cells recognize glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchors from protozoan parasites as well as malarial hemozoin.

关键词： mtDNA divergence   COI   Molecular clock hypothesis (MCH)   Central Scotia Sea   Middle Miocene climatic transition   ACC onset and intensification  

摘要： Continental drift processes such as major gateway openings have been historically advocated to explain the distribution of marine benthic taxa in the Southern Ocean (SO). The separation between Antarctic Peninsula and the southern tip of South America together with the onset of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) represent the final step for the complete isolation of the Antarctic region. However, there is still controversy concerning the timing and mode of this process, and especially about the role of the Scotia Arc geodynamics in the development of a fully deep and intensified ACC circulation. Based on mitochondrial Cytochrome c Oxidase Subunit I (COI) sequences obtained from different taxa, we performed molecular comparisons between Antarctic and South American relatives to provide independent time estimations of Antarctica's isolation. We include in the analyses congeneric Antarctic and Patagonian near-shore marine benthic invertebrates including indirect developers (Nacella, Yoldia, Sterechinus, and Parbolasia) and brooders (Xymenopsis and Trophonella). Considering the levels of genetic differentiation between relatives from both regions and assuming the molecular clock hypothesis, we estimated the onset of their respective divergence. On one hand, similar levels of genetic distance in broadcast-spawners (7%-8.3%) support the hypothesis that the development of an effective barrier between Antarctica and South America occurred almost simultaneously for these groups. Divergence time estimations based on specific substitution rates indicate that the separation occurred near the Mio-Pliocene transition, long after the physical separation of both continents. Genetic distance and divergence time estimation in direct developers indicate an older separation time, close to the mid-Miocene. Even when the analyzed groups included both broadcast-spawners and brooder organisms, the divergence between Antarctic and South America lineages rather than being related to pro

关键词： Animals   Cell Biology/trends   Dermatology/trends   Epidermis/cytology   Epidermis/ultrastructure   Genome-Wide Association Study   High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing   Humans   Laboratories   Mice   Single-Cell Analysis   Skin/cytology   Skin/ultrastructure   Skin Diseases/pathology  

摘要： Mammalian skin research represents the convergence of three complementary disciplines: cell biology, mouse genetics, and dermatology. The skin provides a paradigm for current research in cell adhesion, inflammation, and tissue stem cells. Here, I discuss recent insights into the cell biology of skin. Single-cell analysis has revealed that human epidermal stem cells are heterogeneous and differentiate in response to multiple extrinsic signals. Live-cell imaging, optogenetics, and cell ablation experiments show skin cells to be remarkably dynamic. High-throughput, genome-wide approaches have yielded unprecedented insights into the circuitry that controls epidermal stem cell fate. Last, integrative biological analysis of human skin disorders has revealed unexpected functions for elements of the skin that were previously considered purely structural.