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关键词： 虚拟仿真   动物微生物学   实验教学   疫情  

摘要： 在新型冠状肺炎的疫情背景下,探讨虚拟仿真实验教学平台在动物微生物学实验教学的应用。方法:利用学习通问卷平台开展“关于如何学习动物微生物实验的调查问卷”。以某校2019级畜牧兽医专业各两个班共106人作为研究对象开展对照研究。试验组在实验教学中采用虚拟仿真实验教学平台辅助教学,对照组未利用虚拟仿真实验教学平台。教学效果采用实操考试和学生对教学模式的满意度问卷调查进行评估。结果:实验组的实操成绩良好率和平均分均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义。实验组对教学效果各项指标满意度66.04%-94.34%,均高于对照组,两组之间的差异具有统计学意义。结论:虚拟仿真实验教学平台的应用能够有效提高动物微生物学实验教学的质量。

关键词： 黑水虻   生物学特征   营养价值   动物生产   应用  

摘要： 黑水虻是一种分布广泛的优良昆虫资源,富含蛋白质和脂肪,可在一定程度上代替鱼粉、豆粕等蛋白饲料,降低饲料成本,缓解饲料原料不足的压力。本文主要综述黑水虻的生物学特征、营养价值、主要优势以及在动物生产中的应用,为今后黑水虻在饲料行业开发和利用提供理论基础。

摘要： Vocalizations are an important medium for sexual and social signaling in mammals and birds. In most mammals other than humans, vocalizations are specified by innate mechanisms and develop normally in the absence of auditory experience. By contrast, juvenile songbirds memorize and copy the songs of adult tutors, a process with many parallels to human speech learning. Despite the centrality of vocal learning to human speech, vocal production in humans as well as in songbirds exploits ancestral circuitry for innate vocalizations, and effective vocal communication depends on the fluent blending of innate and learned elements. This review covers recent advances in our understanding of central mechanisms for learned and innate vocalizations in birds and mice, including brainstem mechanisms that help to 'gate' vocalizations on or off, cortical involvement in learned and innate vocalizations, and the delineation of circuits that evaluate and reinforce song performance to facilitate vocal learning.

摘要： Cephalopods fascinate us but have been out of the reach of experimental manipulations at the genetic level. A new study describes editing of a gene in a squid using CRISPR.

关键词： 黑素皮质素受体4   能量平衡   单核苷酸多态性   生产性能  

摘要： 黑素皮质素受体4(Melanoeortin receptor-4,MC4R)主要是由动物下丘脑分泌的一种肽类物质,是调节哺乳动物摄食和体重的重要信号分子。介绍了MC4R基因的结构与生物学功能,重点阐述了MC4R基因多态性与哺乳动物生产性能的相关性,为应用MC4R进行哺乳动物分子标记辅助育种提供借鉴。

关键词： Predator and prey model   Non-local and Non-singular kernels   Approximate solutions   Atangana-Baleanu derivative   Computational approach   Mathematical biology  

摘要： In recent decades, studying the behavior of biological species has become one of the most fascinating areas of applied mathematics. The high importance of conservation of rare species in nature has prompted researchers in various fields to pay particular attention to this issue. Therefore, it is essential to develop mathematical models that examine the dynamics of their behavior. On the other hand, the development of new concepts in numerical analysis has enabled us to preserve more information on the evolutionary behavior history of a dynamic system and to use it in predicting the new features of the system. Fractional derivatives have provided such a valuable tool. This paper studies a dynamic system that models the interactions between two densities of immature and mature prey and predator populations. In the model, prey population is divided into two populations, including mature prey and immature prey. Another feature of the model is that predator depends on mature prey only and it followed by CrowleyMartin type functional response. Moreover, the fractional operator used in this model as derivative is of the Atangana-Baleanu AB type. Using this kind of fractional derivative causes the results to depend on the fractional order of the derivative. The addition of the concept of memory to the model is another highlight of using this type of derivative for the biological model. This helps the model to apply all the essential information of the phenomenon from the beginning to the desired time in the calculations. Existence and uniqueness of solutions to the fractional model are also investigated in this manuscript. The numerical method used in the article is also one of the most efficient patterns in solving problems with fractional derivatives. Using this effective method makes the results very consistent with what we actually expect to happen. Many simulations have been carried out to investigate the effect of parameters in the model on its overall behavior. Numer

关键词： Entamoeba histolytica   Proteomics   Virulence   Life cycle   Stress response  

摘要： Entamoeba histolytica is the primitive eukaryotic parasite responsible of human amoebiasis, a disease characterized by bloody intestinal diarrhea and invasive extraintestinal illness. The knowledge of the complete genome sequence of virulent E. histolytica and related non-pathogenic species allowed the development of novel genome-wide methodological approaches including protein expression profiling and cellular proteomics in the so called post-genomic era. Proteomics studies have greatly increased our understanding of the cell biology of this ancient parasite. This review summarizes the current works concerning proteomics studies on cell biology, life cycle, virulence and pathogenesis, novel therapies, and protein expression regulation mechanisms in E. histolytica parasite. Also, we discuss the use of proteomics data for the development of novel therapies, the identification of potential disease biomarkers and differential diagnosis between species. Significance: Entamoeba histolytica is the unicellular protozoan parasite responsible of human amoebiasis, a serious disease with worldwide distribution characterized by bloody intestinal diarrhea and invasive extraintestinal illness including peritonitis and liver, pulmonary and brain abscesses. The post-genomic era allowed the development of proteomic studies including protein expression profiling and cellular proteomics. These proteomics studies have greatly increased our understanding on cell biology, life cycle (cyst-trophozoite conversion), virulence, pathogenesis, novel therapies, and protein expression regulation mechanisms in E. histolytica. Importantly, proteomics has revealed the identity of proteins related to novel therapies, and the identification of potential disease biomarkers and proteins with use in diagnosis between species. Hopefully in the coming years, and through the use of more sophisticated omics tools, including deep proteomics, a more complete set of proteins involved in the aforementioned cell

关键词： 动物   微生物   实验教学   考试效果评价  

摘要： 为了掌握学生在实践教学中的实验效果,对动物微生物学实验考核采取平时实验30%+实验考试60%+考勤10%的评价方式,增强了学生的实验课意识,培养了学生一丝不苟的学习作风,掌握了科学、规范的实验方法,提高了学生观察、分析、思考和实验动手能力,有利于调动学生对实验课的积极性,客观评价学生掌握实验技能的真实性。