教学课程资源库 更多>>

关键词： TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS   PROTOONCOGENES   BEHAVIOR   LONG-TERM POTENTIATION   CORTICAL PLASTICITY   GENE EXPRESSION  

摘要： An elevated expression of c-fos nuclear protooncogene (immediate early gene) has been shown repeatedly to correlate with long-term neuronal responses. This paper reviews recent data suggesting that neuronal plasticity, including learning and memory formation, may involve c-fos expression as well. On the basis of biological functions of the Fos protein, well known to be a component of a transcription factor, AP-1, (activator protein 1) a hypothesis suggesting a role of transcription factors in the integration of information during learning processes is proposed.

关键词： STRONGYLOCENTROTUS   SEA URCHIN   CELOMOCYTES   CYTOSKELETON   CELL TYPES  

摘要： Echinoderm coelomocytes have been postulated to play an important role in cell-mediated host defense mechanisms. The diversity and classification of coelomocyte types has been underestimated and therefore any assignment of cell types to specific roles has been incomplete. Evidence is presented that the petaloid, phagocytic cell type is composed of two distinctive subsets of cells. The two subsets differ in their position on sucrose gradients following their isolation, in their tendency to aggregate, and in their shape and appearance when spread on a glass substratum, and the structure and composition of the actin-based cytoskeleton is different in each subset. The relative role of each subset in host defense mechanisms may be reflected in these differences.

摘要： A thread-like parasite which appears as conspicuous yellow bundles in the flesh of the important commercial and recreational snapper, Pagrus auratus. were found to be a didymozoid trematode, Gonapodasmius williamsoni. A survey of snapper and other commercial reef fish off the northwestern coast of Western Australia in the vicinity of Shark Bay revealed that the overall prevalence of this flatworm parasite in snapper was 5.4%. Very few infections were large enough to be noticed in fillets by processors. The parasite is unlikely to be pathogenic to humans because only the non-infective adult stage of the worm occurs in snapper. Fish age (size) was found to be directly correlated with the prevalence of infection, with 5 to 8-year old specimens most frequently infected. Pigmented scars found in the flesh of snapper were found to be G. williamsoni in various stages of degeneration. The relationships between scar and worm prevalence and fish age permitted the development of a model of the dynamics of parasite infection in the snapper stock. This model estimated that parasite mortality was high, with 57% of snapper losing their infections annually. Scar tissue is persistent in the skeletal muscle with an estimated 14% of fish eliminating scar tissue annually. The implications of the parasite and its infection dynamics are discussed in regard to marketing of snapper and the use of didymozoid parasites as biological markers in fish population studies.

关键词： 大熊猫   野生动物保护   生物学研究   分类   营养学   形态学  

摘要： 大熊猫不仅是中国的国宝,也是世界人民所关心的珍稀动物。对它的生物学进行研究,填补了该领域基础研究的空白,为保护大熊猫提供了必要的科学依据。北京大学生物学系王平、杨端、潘文石等在科学基金资助下,对大熊猫生物学进行了长期研究,自1982年以来已发表24篇论文和两部专著,部分工作达到了所在领域的前沿。主要包括:

关键词： 海洋   动物   神经生物学   发展趋势  

摘要： 神经生物学是一门比较古老的学科。其起源可追溯到公元130～200年,罗马医生盖伦在不同节段上切断人的脊髓,观察原有功能的丧失。随后,神经生物学研究逐渐形成两个主要分支:神经解剖学和神经生理学。1875年,意大利神经解剖学家高尔基(1844～1926)发明了著名的高尔基染色技术,能够完整地将一些神经元染色。与高尔基同时代的西班牙神经解剖学家卡赫尔(1852～1934),应用高尔基染色方法,研究了人的整个神经系统。以上两位神经解剖学家的大量工作。

摘要： Because neurotrophic factors can prevent natural and experimental cases of neural cell death and induce and maintain differentiation, they are especially attractive agents for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The present report argues for the specific role of particular families of trophic factors, such as neurotrophins (e.g., nerve growth factor [NGF]) and neurokines (e.g., ciliary neurotrophic factor [CNTF]), for the promotion of the survival and phenotype of subsets of central nervous system (CNS) neurons vulnerable in AD, such as basal forebrain cholinergic neurons and cortical projection neurons. Although there is ample evidence for the therapeutic role of NGF in experimental or natural injury of cholinergic neurons, not enough progress has been made on trophic models involving cortical neurons. Further understanding of the mechanisms of cell death in AD and elucidation of the transduction cascades of trophic factors will undoubtedly refine our current concepts of a neurotrophic treatment for AD.

关键词： 医药、卫生   基础医学   医学微生物学（病原细菌学、病原微生物学）  

关键词： 生物学   动物地理学   地质学   动物学  

摘要： 动物地理学是研究动物分布的学科。所有生物,无论是植物还是动物,每个种都局限分布于特定的地域。地球上每个角落也都存在特有的动物群落。这门学科不仅要考虑到现存的生物,还应包括化石发现的原有的分布型。大范围内的特有分布现象很明显。例如,欧洲与南美或澳洲的动物区系有着本质差异,而这些差异是动物长期隔离进化发展的产物。但是。

关键词： 桡足亚纲   海洋生物学  

ISBN: (纸本)7561505442

摘要： 本书内容包括:分类、形态、生态(含个体生物学)及生理和生化4部分,其中以神态部分为重点。