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关键词： Animals   Biology   Computer Assisted Instruction   Computer Software   Females   Foreign Countries   Plants (Botany)   Reproduction (Biology)   Science Education   Student Attitudes   Teaching MethodsJamaicaJamaica  

摘要： This study investigated whether the use of the combination of the lecture, discussion and computer-assisted instruction (CAI) significantly improved the experimental students' attitudes to biology and the computer/CAI and their understanding of reproduction in plants and animals. The sample comprised 77 Jamaican grade 11 female students from two traditional high schools in Kingston. Attitudes to a biology questionnaire, attitudes to the computer/CAI questionnaire and a biology achievement test (BAT) were used for data collection. The results indicated that the experimental subjects' post-test attitudes to biology and the computer/CAI were significantly better than those of the control group subjects taught with the lecture and discussion methods;the experimental subjects significantly outscored the control group subjects on the post-test BAT;there were significant differences in their post-test BAT means based on their attitudes to biology in favour of experimental subjects with highly favourable attitudes to biology, but there were no significant differences in their means attributable to their post-test attitudes to the computer/CAI;there was a positive statistically significant but weak relationship between the experimental subjects' post-test attitudes to biology and their post-test BAT scores. © 2000, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

标准号: NF V08-600-2000

标准号: NF V08-105-2000

关键词： 质量保证   微生物分析   实验室试验   微生物学   人类食品   培养基   饲料   琼脂   实验室鉴定   术语   培养技术   食品检验   性能试验   食品  

标准号: DD ENV ISO 11133-1-2000

关键词： 审美观   生物学基础   腰臀比   审美意识   生育力  

摘要： 众所周知,在动物世界中、交配竞争异常激烈.很多动物在选择配偶时,条件颇为苛刻,一是注重强壮的身躯,一是关心形体和"服饰"的美丽.我国藏北无人区的藏羚羊、野驴、野牦牛等每到交配季节,雄性为了争夺交配权,相互间会进行一场你死我活的决斗,其场面残不忍睹,但雌性对此无动于衷,它们最后都会委身于身强体壮,外表漂亮的雄性.

关键词： 动物-生物学  

关键词： Modeling   Population dynamics   Predation   Predator--prey relationship   Resource consumption  

摘要： Consumption of a resource by an organism is a key process in both microbiology and population ecology. Recently, there has been a debate in population ecology about the importance of organism density in functions describing this process. Actually, microbiologists hale had this debate over the last 40 years. In reviewing their main results I show that even for the most simple systems there is no unique correct function to describe consumption. Organism density influences consumption to various degrees. I conclude that, for predictions based on model simulation, one should use a pluralistic approach, working with different models to identify robust predictions (that is, common to all studied models) and guide further research to understand model-specific predictions.

关键词： geometric morphometrics   shape analysis   facial variation   talus   sexual dimorphism  

摘要： This review considers some recent advances in shape analysis based on landmark data, and focuses on the application of these methods to the study of skeletal evolution in primates. These advances have provoked some controversy. The major aims of this review are to put these debates in context and to provide an overview for the nonmathematician. The purpose of morphometric studies is considered, together with issues relating to the nature, significance and identification of landmarks before turning to a review of available technologies for the analysis of morphological variation. These are considered in terms of underlying models and assumptions in order to clarify when each is appropriate. To illustrate the application of these methods, 3 example studies are presented. The first examines differences amongst ancient and modern adult human crania using 2-dimensional data. The second illustrates the extension of these methods into 3 dimensions in a study of facial growth in monkeys. The third presents an application to the analysis of the form of the hominoid talus. The review ends with an account of available software resources for shape analysis.

关键词： 钒   生物学作用   饲料添加剂   动物体内   微量元素   生长发育   造血功能   毒性  

摘要： 钒是动物体内的必需微量元素。本文概要介绍了近20年来有关钒的生物学作用的研究。目前的研究表明,钒对生长发育、心血管、造血功能、肾脏及代谢均有重要影响,另一方面,钒对动物体内具有一定的毒性。