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关键词： Animals   Evolution   Foot/anatomy & histology   Foot/physiology   Fossils   Hallux/anatomy & histology   Hoof and Claw/anatomy & histology   Locomotion   Nails/anatomy & histology   Orbit/anatomy & histology   Phylogeny   Phylogeny   Primates/anatomy & histology   Primates/classification   Primates/physiology   Skeleton   Wyoming  

关键词： 动物源食品   新霉素残留   检测方法   微生物学检测法   药物残留  

摘要： 农业部于2001年11月1日发布农牧发[2001]38号文,发布10种动物源食品中兽药残留检测方法.方法之九:动物源食品中新霉素残留检测方法--微生物学检测法.

关键词： Colony count techniques   Counting   Food products   Methods of analysis   Microbiological analysis   Micro-organisms   Mould fungi   Yeast  

标准号: NF V08-059-2002

摘要： Le présent document décrit une méthode de routine, simplifiée par rapport à la méthode de référence (NF ISO 7954) pour le dénombrement des levures et moisissures dans les produits destinés à la consommation humaine ou à l'alimentation animale, par comptage des colonies obtenues en milieu solide après incubation en aérobiose à 25 oC.

标准号: NF V08-053-2002

关键词： Animals   Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use   Disease Models, Animal   Drug Resistance   Epilepsy/drug therapy   Epilepsy/etiology  

关键词： 现代分子生物学技术   水产动物   疾病诊断   应用  

摘要： 水产动物的疾病的诊断方法多种多样,传统的方法有直接培养法、组织切片观察法及超薄切片的电子显微镜观察,免疫学方法包括了血清学反应、单克隆抗体检测、多克隆抗体检测等,以及其衍生方法(如酶联免疫吸附实验).

关键词： 实验动物   微生物检测   黑龙江   小鼠   大鼠   豚鼠   兔  

摘要： 对黑龙江省 2 0 0 0～ 2 0 0 1年度普通级实验动物微生物学进行抽检 ,结果表明 ,只在 2 0 0 0年检出一例大鼠的流行性出血热病毒血清抗体呈阳性反应 ,已做清群处理。在抽检的实验动物中 ,小鼠、大鼠、豚鼠、兔的皮肤病原真菌检出率分别为 30 6 4 %、30 70 %、12 0 0 %、2 2 2 2 % ,小鼠沙门菌检出率为 3 4 0 %。小鼠、大鼠、兔的体外寄生虫检出率分别为 5 11%、8 77%、2 2 2 %。

关键词： analytical chemistry   California condor   Charles Darwin   DDE   DDT   eggshell thinning   Ben Glading   Joseph Grinnell   Gymnopps califormianus   hunting   Carl Koford   Aldo Leopold   A. Starker Leopold   Eben McMillan   Ian McMillan   natural history   naturalist   PCB   philosophy   radio telemetry   rescarch   Robert Risebrough   teaching   E. O. Wilson  

摘要： I find considerable evidence that wildlife management has broken partially free of its roots and is showing signs of malnourishment. It also is beset with various ailments, including addiction to technology, lust for statistics, professional hubris, and the delusion that research and management are synonymous. The wildlife management discipline started as applied natural history, and most of its star practitioners were broad-based naturalists, intimate with the landscapes and organisms in their charge. There are reasons to believe that the wildlife profession would do well to regraft itself to those natural history roots, especially in view of the changing roles that will be manifest as this century comes of age.

关键词： MOLLUSKS   NONFICTION  

摘要： Reviews the book 'The Biology of Terrestrial Molluscs,' edited by G.M. Baker.

关键词： Vasopressin-like immunoreactivity   Nerve-cell differentiation   Sensory-motor-interneuron   Interstitial cell   Adult hydra   Ultrastructural evidence   Neuron differentiation   Genetic-analysis   Cycle kinetics   Foot formation   Hydra   genetic analysis   Interstitial cells   Cnidaria   Nervous System Development   Hydrozoa   Animal models   Neurons   Nerve  

摘要： Hydra belongs to the class Hydrozoa in the phylum Cnidaria. Hydra is a model animal whose cellular and developmental data are the most abundant among cnidarians. Hence, I discuss the developmental neurobiology of hydra. The hydra nerve net is a mosaic of neural subsets expressing a specific neural phenotype. The developmental dynamics of the nerve cells are unique. Neurons are produced continuously by differentiation from interstitial multipotent stem cells. These neurons are continuously displaced outwards along with epithelial cells and are sloughed off at the extremities. However, the spatial distribution of each neural subset is maintained. Mechanisms related to these phenomena, i.e., the position-dependent changes in neural phenotypes, are proposed. Nerve-net formation in hydra can be examined in various experimental systems. The conditions of nerve-net formation vary among the systems, so we can clarify the control factors at the cellular level by comparing nerve-net formation in different systems. By large-scale screening of peptide signal molecules, peptide molecules related to nerve-cell differentiation have been identified. The LPW family, composed of four members sharing common N-terminal L(or I)PW, inhibits nerve-cell differentiation in hydra. In contrast, Hym355 (FPQSFLPRG-NH3) activates nerve differentiation in hydra. LPWs are epitheliopeptides, whereas Hym355 is a neuropeptide. In the hypostome of hydra, a unique neuronal structure, the nerve ring, is observed. This structure shows the nerve association of neurites. Exceptionally, the tissue containing the nerve ring shows no tissue displacement during the tissue flow that involves the whole body. The neurons in the nerve ring show little turnover, although nerve cells in all other regions turn over continuously. These associations and quiet dynamics lead me to think that the nerve ring has features similar to those of the central nervous system in higher animals.