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关键词： 动物生物学实验   教学方法   教学体系   探索  

摘要： 实验教学是增加感性认知、增强动手技能、将知识转变为能力、培养学生综合素质的有效方法之一。笔者根据动物科学类专业动物生物学实验教学的特殊性，针对实验教学的各个环节，从改革实验教学方法、建立完善的实践教学体系等方面进行了探索与实践，增强了动物生物学实验的应用性和学生的参与热情，收到了很好的效果。

关键词： 动物生物学   实验教学   改革  

摘要： 介绍了"动物生物学实验"教学内容、教学方式和考核方式的改革情况,总结了改革后所收到的成效,为更好地提高教学效果和教学水平提供一点建议和参考。

关键词： 教学改革   微生物学   动物   农业高等职业教育   病原微生物   猪链球菌病   病毒性疫病   细菌性疫病  

摘要： 21世纪初，早已沉寂多年的动物病原微生物给人类世界带来了不小的波澜，SARS、禽流感、猪链球菌病等传染病使人类面临着严峻的“考验”，世界再次把关注的目光投向动物病原微生物。病毒性疫病的爆发、细菌性疫病的增加、病原微生物毒株变异加快、耐药性的出现均给畜牧业造成了巨大的经济损失，同时也给农业高等职业教育提出了新的挑战。

关键词： multicatalytic endopeptidase complex   Mammals   inhibitors   Organ  

摘要： The 20 S proteasome complexes are major contributors to the intracellular protein degradation machinery in mammalian cells. Systematic administration of proteasome inhibitors to combat disease (e. g. cancer) has resulted in positive outcomes as well as adversary effects. The latter was attributed to, at least in part, a lack of understanding in the organ-specific responses to inhibitors and the potential diversity of proteomes of these complexes in different tissues. Accordingly, we conducted a proteomic study to characterize the 20 S proteasome complexes and their postulated organ-specific responses in the heart and liver. The cardiac and hepatic 20 S proteasomes were isolated from the same mouse strain with identical genetic background. We examined the molecular composition, complex assembly, post-translational modifications and associating partners of these proteasome complexes. Our results revealed an organ-specific molecular organization of the 20 S proteasomes with distinguished patterns of post-translational modifications as well as unique complex assembly characteristics. Furthermore, the proteome diversities are concomitant with a functional heterogeneity of the proteolytic patterns exhibited by these two organs. In particular, the heart and liver displayed distinct activity profiles to two proteasome inhibitors, epoxomicin and Z-Pro-Nle-Asp-H. Finally, the heart and liver demonstrated contrasting regulatory mechanisms from the associating partners of these proteasomes. The functional heterogeneity of the mammalian 20 S proteasome complexes underscores the concept of divergent proteomes among organs in the context of an identical genome. Molecular & Cellular Proteomics 8:302-315, 2009.

关键词： 植物甾醇   生理功能   饲料   添加剂   动物  

摘要： 植物甾醇是我国农业部2008年批准的一种新型功能性饲料添加剂。该文简述了植物甾醇的性质和来源、提取与精制,比较全面地介绍了植物甾醇对胆固醇代谢的影响、抗氧化作用、类激素功能、抗癌作用、免疫调节功能、抗炎作用与调节生长作用等生理功能,对植物甾醇的吸收、分布和转化及其在动物生产中的应用进行了综述。

关键词： 人胰腺癌细胞系   生物学特性   动物模型   神经侵袭   移植瘤   神经转移   生物学特征   恶性程度  

摘要： 胰腺癌恶性程度高、预后差，多数患者就诊时已发生转移。嗜神经转移是其重要的生物学特征，其中腹腔内神经丛是其易发生转移的部位，是造成患者腹痛和严重影响生活质量的重要原因之一^[1,2]。

关键词： Cardiac   Defect   Genetic   Invertebrate   Model  

摘要： It may seem ridiculous to consider cardiac diseases in sub-vertebrate animals;when on earth is a tarantula, a butterfly or a snail going to be presented as a clinical case with heart failure or a congenital cardiac abnormality? This article examines the work of research groups investigating invertebrates as valuable models of heart disease in man. Examining invertebrates with gene defects similar to those in human patients with heart disease, congenital or acquired, allows us to probe deeply into the aetiopathogenesis of many cardiac conditions. © 2009.

关键词： BIOLOGY   LIFE sciences   SPAWNING   BODY weight   SEX (Biology)   MALES   FEMALES  

摘要： The reproductive biology of Octopus hubbsorum Berry, 1953, was studied along the central Mexican Pacific from 1998 to 2000. In the majority of the months (15), the sex ratio was 1:1. The ratio of males to females decreased consistently with respect to size, weight, and sexual maturity, probably related to vertical migrations of females from deeper to shallow areas, the search of better feeding areas before reproduction, and nesting behavior of females. The dorsal mantle length and the total body weight of individuals at first maturity were 115 mm and 758 g for females, and 70 mm and 320 g for males. Three maturity stages were recognized for females (maturing, mature, and spawning and/or already spawned) and three for males (immature, maturing, and mature). The females have low potential fecundity (mean +/- SD = 172.05 +/- 85.15 oocytes/female) and small oocytes (mean = 1.79 +/- 0.14 mm), compared to other species of Octopus. The mean ( SD) potential fecundity of males was 65.92 +/- 34.34 spermatophores/male. As in other Octopus spp., O. hubbsorum spawns throughout the year. However, potential fecundity of males and the number of mature and spawning females increased significantly during the cool-dry season. The presence of a constant mature population may be related to generally warm conditions during most of the year.

关键词： companion animal   outreach   philosophy   research   review   teaching  

摘要： Departments of animal sciences must be relevant to a society in which a small number of people can raise almost all the food animal products needed. The declining number of people involved in animal agriculture has decreased enrollment of students interested in food animals in many departments of animal science. However, several departments welcomed students from a diverse background and began research on animals other than food animals. In many states, the undergraduate enrollment is made up primarily of students interested only in companion animals. A benefit of this is that we have recruited new students into animal agriculture and they have gone on to excellent careers. We have a new challenge now: how to maintain and expand the efforts in teaching, research, and outreach of companion animal science. Departments wishing to expand in teaching have examples of successful courses and curricula from other departments. Some departments have expanded their teaching efforts across their own university to teach about pets to a wider audience than their own majors;other departments can follow. In research, a small number of faculty have been able to establish extramurally funded projects on pets, including horses. But it will be difficult for more than a handful of departments to have a serious research effort in dogs, cats, birds, fish, or exotic animals. Departments will have to make a concerted effort to invest in such endeavors;joint ventures with other universities and colleges of veterinary medicine (or medicine) will probably be required. Funding sources for "traditional" efforts in nutrition, reproduction, and physiology are small and inconsistent;however, with the progress of the equine, canine, and feline genome projects, there should be opportunities from federal funding sources aimed at using animal models for human health. In addition, efforts in animal behavior and welfare can be expanded, perhaps with some funding from private foundations or animal-support

标准号: DIN ISO 21528-2-2009

摘要： This part of DIN ISO 21528 specifies a method for the detection and enumeration of Enterobacteriaceae by colony-count method.