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关键词： coactivator   metabolism   posttranslational modification   obesity  

摘要： Here we demonstrate that reprogramming steroid receptor coactivator-3 (SRC-3) function by changing its posttranslational modification (PTM) code drastically influences systems biology. These findings support the physiological importance of PTMs in directing in vivo functions of a master coregulator. We previously reported that the transactivation potential of SRC-3 is controlled in part by PTMs, although this data emanated from in vitro studies. To test the physiological implications of PTMs on SRC-3, we developed a knock-in mouse model containing mutations at four conserved phosphorylation sites. These mice displayed a systems biology phenotype with increased body weight and adiposity, coupled with reduced peripheral insulin sensitivity. Collectively, these phenotypes result from increased IGF1 signaling, due to elevated IGFBP3 levels. We provide convincing evidence that these mutations in SRC-3 promoted enhanced transcription of the IGFBP3 gene and globally influenced growth and metabolism. Consequently, these mice displayed increased liver tumorigenesis, which likely results from elevated IGF1 signaling.

关键词： 免疫学技术   分子生物学技术   水产动物   疾病诊断  

摘要： 目前,各种免疫学和分子生物学技术的发展和在水产养殖病原微生物检测和诊断中的广泛应用,对水产养殖病害的有效防控起到了巨大的促进作用。论文回顾了主要免疫学技术(单克隆抗体、酶免疫、凝集反应、荧光抗体、胶体金)和分子生物学技术(核酸杂交、基于PCR的分子生物学检测技术、限制性内切酶分析、16 S rRNA、基因芯片)的特点以及其在水产动物疾病诊断中的研究及应用情况,并分析了今后水产动物疾病诊断技术的发展方向。

关键词： 大型底栖动物   乌伦古湖   水质   生物学评价  

摘要： 2006年11月至2007年7月在乌伦古湖设置28个采样点按季度对底栖动物采样。共采到大型底栖动物83种,其中寡毛类14种,水生昆虫58种,软体动物7种,其他类4种。年均密度为1048ind/m2,变幅为70～2480ind/m2;年均生物量为10.76g/m2,变幅为0.48～52.53g/m2。根据底栖动物的观测数据,利用Shannon-wie-ner多样性生物指数(H′)、Goodnight修正指数(GBI)、Margalef丰富度指数(d)、Chandler′s生物记分制(CS)和综合生物污染指数(BI)对乌伦古湖水体环境质量的评价结果显示,乌伦古湖水质整体属于轻度污染。人类活动影响较大的区域如73公里小海子、骆驼脖子、海滨浴场和吉力湖等处样点水质相对较差,处于中污染水平;投放牛羊粪养殖鱼种的吉力湖后泡子则为重度污染水平。利用底栖动物对乌伦古湖水质的生物学评价结果与理化指标评价结果基本一致。

关键词： 海洋动物   课程教学   课程改革   生物学   无脊椎动物   生命科学   本科生教学   基础学科  

摘要： 作为生命科学专业本科生教学中的一门基础学科，动物生物学涉及的范围广（包括海洋动物、淡水动物和陆地动物）、类群多（包括单细胞动物、无脊椎动物、脊椎动物）、内容新（包括形态解剖、进化分类、生理生化、生态行为、分布保护等）、发展快（涉及生命科学领域许多重要进展），使该门课程教学的难度很大。同时，近几年我国高校着力进行课程改革，

关键词： 教学模式   动物生物学   探索  

摘要： 在高校课程改革不断深入的情况下,本文就动物生物学课堂教学和实践教学的教学内容、教学方法、考核方式等方面的改革进行了探讨,以促进教学效果,提高地方高校学生综合素质。

关键词： 动物福利   环境伦理学   中学生物学教育  

摘要： 本文介绍了环境伦理学的几个学派及其影响,分析了动物福利观念在中学生物课程标准和教科书中的反映,提出了生物学教学中要正视动物福利问题。

关键词： 生物系统学   动物科学   竞赛试题   奥林匹克   生物学   国际   吸气过程   潮气量  

摘要： 14．肺潮气量定义为，在一次吸气过程中进入肺中的空气总量，约等于通常平静呼吸中的呼出气量。

关键词： 动物生物学   课堂教学   教学改革  

摘要： 动物生物学是生物专业的重要专业基础课。在课程改革不断深入的情况下,根据工科院校的特点,通过对动物生物学课程教学内容、教学方法、考核方式等方面进行了改进和探讨,以促进教学效果,提高学生综合素质。

关键词： ancient DNA   Approximate Bayesian Computation   Callorhinus ursinus   northern fur seal  

摘要： Population loss is often a harbinger of species extinction, but few opportunities exist to follow a species' demography and genetics through both time and space while this occurs. Previous research has shown that the northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus) was extirpated from most of its range over the past 200-800 years and that some of the extirpated populations had unique life history strategies. In this study, widespread availability of subfossils in the eastern Pacific allowed us to examine temporal changes in spatial genetic structure during massive population range contraction and partial recovery. We sequenced the mitochondrial control region from 40 ancient and 365 modern samples and analyzed them through extensive simulations within a serial Approximate Bayesian Computation framework. These analyses suggest that the species maintained a high abundance, probably in subarctic refugia, that dispersal rates are likely 85% per generation into new breeding colonies, and that population structure was not higher in the past. Despite substantial loss of breeding range, this species' high dispersal rates and refugia appear to have prevented a loss of genetic diversity. High dispersal rates also suggest that previous evidence for divergent life history strategies in ancient populations likely resulted from behavioral plasticity. Our results support the proposal that panmictic, or nearly panmictic, species with large ranges will be more resilient to future disturbance and environmental change. When appropriately verified, evidence of low population structure can be powerful information for conservation decision-making.

关键词： Insight   Patients   Medulla Oblongata   POEMS Syndrome   Immunoglobulins   Paraneoplastic Syndromes   Free Immunoglobulin Light Chain   plasma cell dyscrasia   Plasma Cells   polyclonal activation   Kidney Failure  

摘要： POEMS (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, skin changes) syndrome is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome in which nearly all patients have a monoclonal lambda restricted plasma cell disorder. We investigated whether patients with POEMS have abnormal serum immunoglobulin free light chain (FLC) ratios. Fifty patients with newly diagnosed POEMS syndrome were assessed. Cystatin C levels were measured to discern whether subclinical renal insufficiency could account for FLC elevations in the presence of a normal FLC ratio. Forty-five patients (90%) had elevated lambda FLC;however, only nine (18%) had abnormal FLC ratios. The rise in serum FLC of POEMS patients appeared to be multifactorial-both a function of subclinical renal insufficiency and polyclonal activation of medullary and extramedullary plasma cells. Those patients expressing a clonal IgA were more likely to have clonal plasmacytosis observed on iliac crest biopsy than those with IgG. In summary, serum immunoglobulin profiles are unique in POEMS syndrome as compared with other plasma cell disorders. Am. J. Hematol. 85:431-434, 2010. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.