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关键词： 高等职业院校   教学改革   微生物学   人才培养目标   专业基础课教学   动物   高等职业教育   畜牧兽医行业  

摘要： 在高等职业教育中，畜牧兽医专业的人才培养目标是面向畜牧兽医行业，培养有病能治，无病会防，懂科学饲养、繁殖育种、饲料兽药营销与技术服务的高技能人才。围绕培养目标，在专业基础课教学中如何适应区域、行业经济和市场需求，是摆在每位老师面前的紧迫问题。为此，

关键词： 生物学   生态学   动物   保护   培训班   学会   国际   科研工作者  

摘要： 为推广动物生态学与保护生物学研究的新理论、新变化、新进展、新技术、新方法，提升动物生态学与保护生物学研究的总体学术水平和创新水平，为发展中国家广大动物生态学与保护生物学科研工作者提供学习交流的桥梁，构建与国内外著名科学家面对面接触平台，

关键词： FLEAS   MITES   PARASITES   MAMMALS   PARASITIFORMES  

摘要： We asked whether (a) variation in species composition of parasite assemblages on the same host species follows a non-random pattern and (b) if so, manifestation of this non-randomness across space and time differs among parasites, hosts and scales. We assessed nestedness and its contribution to beta-diversity of fleas and gamasid mite assemblages exploiting small mammals across three scales: (a) within the same region across different locations;(b) within the same location across different times and (c) across distinct geographic regions. We estimated (a) the degree of nestedness (N-COL) and (b) the proportional contribution of nestedness to the total amount of beta-diversity across locations, times and regions (beta(NESP)). In the majority of host species, parasite assemblages were nested significantly across all three scales. In mites, but not fleas, N-COL correlated with the contribution of nestedness to the total amount of beta-diversity. In fleas, N-COL did not differ among assemblages at the two local scales, but was significantly lower at regional scale. In mites, N-COL was the highest in assemblages at local spatial scale. beta(NESP) was significantly higher (a) in flea than in mite assemblages at both local scales and (b) in mite than in flea assemblages at regional scale. In fleas, beta(NESP) was higher at both local scales, whereas in mites it was higher at both local temporal and regional scales. Sheltering habits and geographic range of a host species did not affect either N-COL or beta(NESP) in flea assemblages, but both metrics significantly decreased with an increase of geographic range of a host species in mite assemblages. We conclude that flea and mite assemblages across host populations at smaller and larger spatial scales and at temporal scale were characterized by nestedness which, in turn, contributed to an important degree to the total amount of beta-diversity of these assemblages.

关键词： beta-2-integrin   actin cytoskeleton   integrin: 60791-49-3   mammalian actin-binding protein 1: mAbp1   cell adhesion   Cell Adhesion   leukocyte function   Mammalia   Biological Science Disciplines   Leukocytes   transmittance   Actin Cytoskeleton   Integrins  

摘要： The transmittance of force from the actin cytoskeleton via integrins to extracellular ligands is essential for multiple aspects of leukocyte function. In addition, integrins must be efficiently linked to the cytoskeleton in order to resist external forces that act on the cell. Recently, the mammalian actin-binding protein 1 (mAbp1) was identified as a novel adaptor involved in linking adhesion molecules of the beta(2) integrin family to the actin cytoskeleton, indicating that this protein might have a fundamental impact on leukocyte functions that are associated explicitly with force transmittance;namely, intraluminal adhesion and phagocytosis. Here, we review the current understanding of the molecular and cellular functions of mAbp1 with a focus on its impact in leukocyte biology.

关键词： ANTIRHEUMATIC agents   ECOLOGY   GENETICS   IMMUNIZATION   NUTRITION   OBESITY   RHEUMATOID arthritis   SMOKING   SPONDYLOARTHROPATHIES   SEVERITY of illness index  

摘要： Background: Biological therapies have been available for the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for almost a decade. The objectives of this study were (i) to identify baseline disease related predictors in patients with early IP for starting biological therapy and (ii) to determine if patients who fail their first non-biologic DMARD (nb-DMARD) within six months are more likely to need biological ***: Consecutive patients with early IP (≥ 2 swollen joints for ≥ 4 weeks) from a primary-care based inception cohort (NOAR), recruited between 1990-1994 in the pre-biologic era (cohort 1) and between 2000-2004 in the biologic era (cohort 2), and who used at least one DMARD during follow-up were included in this study. Baseline clinical assessments included the DAS28 and the HAQ-score. Blood was collected to determine CRP, RF and ACPA. The use of DMARDs and biological therapy was recorded at each visit. DMARD failure was defined as: first DMARD stopped due to inefficacy within six months and/or a second DMARD was started within six months after starting the first DMARD. The association of baseline disease characteristics and failure of the first DMARD with the subsequent start of biological therapy was assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression models. Hazard ratios (HRs, 95%CI) were adjusted for age at symptom onset, gender and symptom duration at baseline. For the association between failure of the first DMARD and the use of a biologic, the survival time started six months after starting the first ***: In cohort 1 and 2, 40/422 (9.5%) and 45/416 (10.8%) patients, respectively, started receiving biological therapy after a median time since symptom onset of 134 [116-157] and 47 [24-69] *** both cohorts, ACPA positivity was the strongest predictor for starting biological therapy (cohort 1: HR 7.58, 95%CI 2.75 to 20.85; and cohort 2: HR 4.66, 95%CI 2.23 to 9.75) Patients having two alleles of the SE were also more likely to star

关键词： CLIMATE change research   GOVERNMENT policy   LEGISLATIVE bills   PUBLIC finance   UNITED States. Congress. House -- Appropriations & expenditures  

摘要： Scientists were caught by surprise when they found out that the Department of Energy's office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER) would be shut down if a 2011 spending bill passed last month by the House of Representatives holds sway. The new Republican House majority has pledged to trim the federal deficit by cutting spending—and to be sure, House leaders are not fans of government-funded climate change research. But researchers also say the assault on BER—one of several agencies that support climate research—reflects a fundamental misunderstanding of the office's role in generating data for the global climate models that many Republicans love to hate.

关键词： 动物生产   生物学功能   乳酸杆菌   应用   畜牧生产   外界环境   生产性能   动物生长  

摘要： 现代畜牧生产中,动物往往会受到外界环境条件变化的影响,从而导致抗病力甚至生产性能的下降。抗生素由于能很好的预防、治疗动物疾病并能促进动物生长而在生产中得到了广泛的应用。

关键词： 分子生物学技术   动物营养学   展望   生产性能  

摘要： 随着动物营养学的不断发展,动物营养学在现有的条件下在生产性能等方面的提升空间已近很小,所以急需一种新的技术来改变这一现状,来实现动物营养学的再次飞越。分子生物学的产生是动物营养学突破这一现状成为了可能。

关键词： 实验考试   操作能力   能力培养  

摘要： 动物生物学实验考试作为独立的一门课程是高等师范院校教学改革的必然结果。本文探讨了高等师范院校的动物生物学实验考试改革,着重在实验考试的考试命题、考前准备和考试过程的控制和考试评价等四个环节进行了有益的探索。

关键词： adaptive behavior   behavior-based management   behavioral indicators   conceptual model   conservation behavior  

摘要： Conservation behavior is a relatively new interdisciplinary field aimed at investigating how proximate and ultimate aspects of animal behavior can be of value in preventing the loss of biodiversity. This new discipline's usefulness in promoting practical conservation-matters is subject to debate, with some scientists arguing that the importance of behavior in conservation practice is overemphasized. Here, we propose a conceptual model that identifies the key linkages between animal behavior and conservation biology. The model is a simply structured, hierarchical, and parsimonious framework that will help bridge the gap between the 2 disciplines and establish a common ground on which the field of conservation behavior can evolve and from which paradigms can be developed.