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关键词： 于桥水库   大型底栖动物   群落结构   水质评价  

摘要： 于2010年5月-2011年5月按季度对于桥水库大型底栖动物进行了采样调查。结果表明:于桥水库底栖动物有51种,其中水生昆虫23种,占总数的45.1%;软体动物15种,占29.4%;寡毛类12种,占23.5%;其他类1种,占2.0%,优势种类为侧叶雕翅摇蚊(Glyptotendipes lobiferus)、中华圆田螺(Cipangopaludina cathayensis)、霍甫水丝蚓(Limnodri-lus hoffmeisteri)、克拉泊水丝蚓(***);底栖动物年均密度为159.58ind·m-2,年均生物量为3.31g·m-2;各季度底栖动物密度表现为春季>冬季>秋季>夏季,生物量表现为冬季>夏季>春季>秋季。利用Goodnight修正指数(GBI)、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H')、Margalef丰富度指数(d)、生物学污染指数(BPI)、科级生物指数(FBI)和综合生物污染指数(BI)对于桥水库的水质进行综合评价,结果显示,于桥水库水质整体处于轻-中污型(Ⅱ-Ⅲ),相比1999-2000年(Ⅲ)于桥水库水质污染状况有所好转。

关键词： 中国传统文化   生物学教学   教育  

摘要： 本文从古代“五伦图”与“五伦关系”讲起，立足于中国传统文化与现代生物学教学，论述了对教育的认识。

关键词： 湖南大学   华南师范大学   高等学校   硕士研究生   高级研修班   动物生物学   九三学社   生物专业  

摘要： 王文彬教授，男，汉族，湖南隆回人，1963年10月出生，中共党员、九三学社社员。1985年7月毕业于湖南大学邵阳分校生物专业，1998年7月于华南师范大学动物学专业（鱼虾病及生态调控）硕士研究生毕业、获理学硕士学位；2008年11月参加教育部高教司“动物生物学”精品课程高级研修班学习，获“高等学校骨干教师培训证书”。自1999年7月被引进湖南文理学院，历任助教、讲师、副教授（破格晋升）、教授（现被聘为三级教授），兼中南林业科技大学校外硕士生导师。

关键词： 隆线潘   故角类   生殖  

摘要： 从形态学、环境生态学、遗传学、分子生物学及蛋白质组学等方面综述了隆线溞等枝角类动物的生殖生物学研究进展,为了解其生殖转化的规律奠定基础.

关键词： Sexual behaviour   Sexual dysfunction  

摘要： Sex is a fundamental pleasure, and crucial to the survival of our species. Though not many people would disagree with the proposition that sexual behaviour depends on the brain, the neuroscientific study of human sex is still relatively taboo and much remains to be discovered. On the contrary, excellent experimental animal models (mostly rat) are available that have uncovered major behavioural, neurochemical, and neuroanatomical characteristics of sexual behaviour. Restructuring sexual behaviour into broader terms reflecting behavioural states (wanting, liking, and inhibition) facilitates species comparison, revealing many similarities between animal and human sexual pleasure cycles, some of which can serve as potential avenues of new human sex research. In particular, behavioural and brain evidence clearly shows that motivational and consummatory phases are fundamentally distinct, and that genitally-induced sexual reward is a major factor in sexual learning mechanisms.

关键词： meiosis   oocytes   fertility   ionizing irradiation effects   radiation-sensitivity   DSBs, genome instability  

摘要： Ionizing radiation damages DNA and induces mutations as well as chromosomal reorganizations. Although radiotherapy increases survival among cancer patients, this treatment does not come without secondary effects, among which the most problematic is gonadal dysfunction, especially in women. Even more, if radio-induced DNA damage occurs in germ cells during spermatogenesis and/or oogenesis, they can produce chromosomal reorganizations associated with meiosis malfunction, abortions, as well as hereditary effects. However, most of our current knowledge of ionizing radiation genotoxic effects is derived from in vitro studies performed in somatic cells and there are only some experimental data that shed light on how germ cells work when affected by DNA alterations produced by ionizing radiation. In addition, these few data are often related to mammalian males, making it difficult to extrapolate the results to females. Here, we review the current knowledge of radiobiology and reproduction, paying attention to mammalian females. In order to do that, we will navigate across the female meiotic/reproductive cycle/life taking into account the radiation-induced genotoxic effects analysis and animal models used, published in recent decades.

关键词： commensalism   dealation   eusociality   Hymenoptera   social parasitism   subsociality  

摘要： Akainothrips francisi sp. nov. is shown to be an inquiline (i.e. it invades, and breeds within, domiciles of another species). Currently, its only known host is Dunatothrips aneurae, a subsocial thrips that creates silken domiciles by securing together phyllodes of mulga (Acacia aneura) in the arid zone of Australia. We found Ak. francisi prolifically breeding inside live D. aneurae host domiciles, both immature and mature. Akainothrips francisi did not kill its host and we saw no evidence of antagonistic host-inquiline interactions. This is thus the second demonstrably inquiline species of Acacia thrips, although other possible inquilines have been suggested including two Akainothrips. We found that Ak. francisi occurred with positive density dependence, and was associated with moderately reduced host reproduction. This latter association was especially evident in larger host domiciles, suggesting that Ak. francisi either inhibits further host reproduction after invasion or exploits poor quality hosts more successfully. Sex ratios were slightly female biased. Akainothrips francisi males were exceptionally variable in size, colour, and foreleg size compared to females, with morphs co-occurring within domiciles, suggesting sexual selection and the possibility of different male reproductive strategies. The discovery of Ak. francisi highlights particular morphological affinities among known or suspected inquiline Acacia thrips within Akainothrips and other genera, allowing us to hypothesize a common origin of this lifestyle from within Akainothrips. (c) 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, 107, 112-122.

关键词： 滆湖   底栖动物   密度和生物量   时空变化   水质评价  

摘要： 2009年5月-2010年2月对滆湖底栖动物群落进行了调查,并根据底栖动物群落结构对水质进行了生物学评价。结果表明:采集到底栖动物共35种,隶属于3门25属;优势种类为中国长足摇蚊(Tanypus chinensis)、霍甫水丝蚓(Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri)、苏氏尾鳃蚓(Branchiura sowerbyi)、克拉泊水丝蚓(***)、中华河蚓(Rhyacodrilussinicus);滆湖底栖动物的年均密度为374.1ind·m-2,寡毛类对密度的贡献最大,占年均密度的77.4%,最大密度出现在夏季,春季最低,St14年均密度高于其他站点;滆湖底栖动物的年均生物量为17.78g·m-2,软体动物对生物量的贡献最大,占年均生物量的97.4%,夏季生物量最大,冬季最低,St14年均生物量明显高于其他各个站点;底栖动物的密度和生物量随季节变化明显,密度的季节变化表现为夏季>秋季>春季>冬季,生物量变化表现为夏季>春季>秋季>冬季;Shannon-Wiener多样性指数值(H')、Margalef多样性指数值(D)、Pielou均匀度指数值(J)和BI指数值表明滆湖水体处于中度到重度污染状态。

关键词： MAMMALS   NONFICTION  

摘要： Along the way, there are numerous and detailed discussions of anatomical, physiological, and behavioral characteristics associated with each of the modes of feeding listed above, including dentition, venomous saliva, tongues, sensory mucous glands, Eimer's organs, underwater sniffing, seismic sensitivity, claws and elongate digits, wings, echolocation, coprophagy, food hoarding, foregut and hindgut fermentation, and heat-sensitive pits in sanguinivorous bats. Organizing any treatise covering a wide array of interrelated topics is a difficult task; that said, there were various places in the book where it was not clear to me why particular natural history or other information was being presented at rather great length.

关键词： 赣江下游流域   大型底栖动物   群落结构   水质生物学评价  

摘要： 2009年6月(丰水期)、11月(枯水期)和2010年4月(平水期)对赣江下游流域大型底栖动物群落结构进行调查研究,共鉴定出大型底栖动物3门15科25种.结果表明,赣江下游流域大型底栖动物群落结构具有明显的时空变化.生物密度最大值(145.9±81.8 ind./m2)出现在6月,最小值(89.6±15.9 ind./m2)出现在4月;生物量的变化则相反,最大值(90.1±25.4 g/m2),出现在4月,最小值(62.9±20.9 g/m2)出现在6月;干流的生物密度在6月、11月和4月均明显高于支流,而生物量在11月低于支流.Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H')、Margalef丰富度指数(D)和Pielou均匀性指数(J)在6月、11月和4月的时间尺度上以及干流、支流的空间尺度上均出现明显的变化,在11月份,这3类指数均表现为最高,6月则均为最低;干流的H'和D在6月和4月均低于支流,而J在这3个时间段内则均是支流高于干流,表明支流大型底栖动物的群落结构较干流更为多样、均匀和稳定.H'和D的结果表明赣江下游流域水质均受到不同程度的污染,其中干流的污染程度较支流更为严重.