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关键词： 分子生物学   肿瘤病   根癌病  

ISBN: (纸本)7030003845

摘要： 书名原文:Molecular biology of plant tumors:著者谢尔原题:舍尔:本书从分子生物学方面论述了植物瘤的诱因及其致瘤机理。

摘要： Arabidopsis thaliana is a small member of the mustard family, botanical information on which dates back to the 16th century. It has many advantages as a model system for plant molecular genetics, such as a short life cycle, small size, small genome size, and well developed classical genetics. Arabidopsis thus provides an alternative system to the commonly used crop plants for studies in the molecular genetics of plant physiology and development.

摘要： Applied and basic approaches to scientific inquiry were compared through a bibliometric analysis of two Canadian journals in plant biology. No differences were found between the journals in the distribution of citations across different sections of research articles (that is, Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion). Moreover, no contrasts were found in the frequency of multiple authorships or in the age distribution of cited works. However, the journals differed significantly on three other bibliometric measures: author affiliation, number of references per article, and publication format of cited works.

关键词： Productivity   Phytoplankton   Biomass production   Sea water   Surface water   Carbon   Nitrates   Euphotic zone  

摘要： Temporal changes in chlorophyll a and primary production were followed in a Gulf Stream warm-core ring as it underwent an interaction with the Gulf Stream and a subsequent wind event. As the physical events altered the structure of the mixed layer, Chl a within the euphotic zone increased from about 10 to 42 mg m-2 while productivity rates increased from 140 to > 2,400 mg C m-2 d-1. Carbon-specific growth rates in Ring 81-D derived from ATP-C biomass and 14C productivity rates increased fivefold. Nanoplankton (< 20 .mu.m) initially accounted for nearly 90% of the total Chl a biomass in ring surface waters, although were was a subsurface maximum of net-plankton Chl a near the base of the euphotic zone before the wind event. After the wind event, Chl a was uniformly distributed throughout the mixed layer and net plankton accounted for an increased proportion of total Chl a standing stock and productivity. In the peripheral high velocity region and the surrounding Slope Water, phytoplankton standing stocks and productivity rates were less than the maximum values found at ring center. Our observations indicate that phytoplankton standing stock and productivity within a warm-core ring can increase rapidly in response to physical processes on the event time scale.

关键词： Geographic comparison   Mercury accumulation  

摘要： Samples of six common plant species collected in the old mining areas near Prince George, British Columbia (Canada) and Mount Amiata, Tuscany (Italy) show remarkable similarities in the variation of plant/soil Hg concentration ratio with soil Hg content irrespective of species or other biological differences. In contrast, plants sampled in the geothermally active areas of New Zealand, Hawaii [USA] and around Mount St. Helens [Washington, USA] exhibit more individuality in the concentration ratio to soil Hg relationship, but the relationships are distinctly different from the mine site specimens. This distinction is particularly evident when the same species of Equisetum and Plantago taken from these two different areas are compared. These and other data support the hypothesis that specific local environmental factors strongly influence the accumulation of Hg in plants even when the immediate soil concentrations are the same. Out findings show that some plants contain concentrations of total Hg as high as 5500 to 14000 .mu.g kg-1 (dw).

ISBN: (纸本)7303000437

关键词： 共质体   植物组织   生物学  

摘要： 植物生长(plant growth)植物的体型特点为它们所特有的营养方式和生活方式所决定,它们的生长也相应地有许多不同于动物之处。生长和发育的关系广义的生长包括从种子

关键词： 秧苗生长   叶片   内源激素   解剖学   叶鞘   多效唑   秧苗徒长   植物  

摘要： 本文报道了多效唑对于控制二晚秧苗生长的形态和解剖学表现及其与植物内源激素的关系。试验结果表明:(1)在二晚秧苗一叶一心期亩施300ppm 的多效唑100公斤,能有效地抑制秧苗生长速率。处理秧苗的叶片和叶鞘表现为短、宽、重,在形态上秧苗表现为典型的矮、壮、健,从解剖学上看,处理秧苗叶片和叶鞘细胞变小,叶鞘最厚处的细胞由对照的15层增至18层;根系成熟区中皮层细胞数目由对照的6—7层增加至8—9层。(2)多效唑是通过影响植物内源激素的生物合成或代谢对二晚秧苗的生长进行控制的。用气相色谱仪对处理秧苗和对照秧苗进行对比测定的结果表明,IAA 在处理样品中的含量极少,以至在气相色谱中不出峰,而对照样品的 IAA 含量则高达22.1μg/g 鲜重。乙烯释放的抑制与多效唑浓度成正相关。

关键词： 病原菌   植物生物学   基因转移   转基因   真菌   贮藏蛋白   植物抗毒素   质粒载体   抗除草剂  

摘要： 随着一些有效的技术的发展,如利用Ti质粒载体把外源DNA转入植物细胞、细胞融合和直接转化,植物生物学正进入一个新时代。把所需的DNA序列引进许多植物种类是可能的。引进什么基因和从什么地方获得?在这方面有几个新的建议。对于那些已有明确的研究结果和容易筛选其表现型的单个显性基因做基因转移将获得最快的进展。抗除草剂或可能影响植物组织营养状况的新贮藏蛋白的基因的转化已在实验室取得成功,在不久的将来在作物生产中可能被应用。然而涉及到增加产量和提高植物质量的一般问题时,这些植物转化的例

关键词： Molecular biology   molecular genetics   neoplastic disease   agrobacterium tumefaciens   Dicotyledonous plants   Crown gall  

摘要： I discuss the two different responses from the angiosperms to the specific molecular mechanisms of the tumor-inducing agent contained in the bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens. This is done in terms of the collective variables for expressing genetic response to a continuously varying supply of energy from metabolic pathways. We are led to the conjecture that the expression of the recessive oncogenes may not be restricted to humans (retinoblastoma and osteosarcoma), but may also occur in plants (crown gall), and be expressed through a heat-shock.