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关键词： 百合   贝母   叶绿素含量   花粉生活力   生物学特性  

摘要： 对百合属的毛百合、渥丹、蓝洲百合和贝母属的平贝母、伊贝母的生物学特性观察结果表明:蕾期叶绿素含量最高,生长最旺盛;花粉粒以8℃贮藏生活力降低速度最慢,萌发状况也以8℃贮藏的花粉最好。

关键词： 植物抗冷性   膜脂   冷诱导蛋白   钙信号系统  

摘要： In this review, we briefly give an overview of molecular approaches that have been sucessfully taken in the studies on plant cold tolerance. In particular, we discuss the role of membrane lipid, cellular antioxidative ability, cold regulatory proteins, and calcium messenger system on the regulation of plant cold tolerance. Strategies and perspectives in using molecular biology to improve cold tolerance of plants are outlined.

关键词： Biology   Plant Physiology  

摘要： Discusses progress in plant biology from 1900 to 2000. Discoveries addressing mechanisms underlying plant growth and development; Topics on germinal discoveries highlighting the unique aspects of plant biology; Technical advances and brilliant insights.

关键词： 黄华属   叶表皮特征   气孔器   方差分析   豆科  

摘要： 在光学显微镜下观察披针叶黄华复合体、高山黄华复合体及黄华属其它种的叶表皮特征。结果表明 ,表皮细胞形状、垂周壁式样及气孔器类型具有重要的分类学意义。表皮细胞形状为多边型和不规则型 ,垂周壁式样为平直或具波纹。黄华属植物除新疆黄华 ,之字枝黄华 ,东亚黄华 ,柔毛黄华上表皮无气孔外 ,其余的上下表皮均具气孔 ,气孔器类型多为不规则型 ,只有紫花黄华为不等细胞型 ,有些无规则型中稍混有不等细胞型。笔者认为气孔器类型对划分属内种上等级具有一定价值。对披针叶黄华复合体、高山黄华复合体和黄华属不同种间气孔指数方差分析结果表明 ,气孔指数在居群水平及不同种间变化差异极显著 。

关键词： 发展学生能力   开展教学实习   优化知识结构  

关键词： bioorganic chemistry   glycosidases   glycosides   phytochemistry   plant physiology  

摘要： The leaves of Mimosa pudica L. are well known for their rapid movement when touched. Recently, we were able to isolate an excitatory substance in small quantities from this plant, which consists of three different components (potassium L-malate, magnesium trans-aconitate, and dimethylammonium salt). Many plants close their leaves in the evening, as if to sleep, and open them early in the morning (nyctinastic leaf movement). This circadian rhythm is known to be controlled by the biological clock of such plants. Extensive studies on other nyctinastic plants led to the isolation of a variety of leaf-opening substances (LOSs) and leaf-closing substances (LCSs). Based on our experiments on these bioactive substances, we found that the circadian rhythmic leaf movement of these plants is initiated by the regulated balance of LOSs and LCSs. The balance of concentration between the two leaf-movement factors (LMFs) is inversed during the day. The glycoside-type LMF is hydrolyzed with β-glucosidase, the activity of which is regulated by the biological clock. The circadian rhythm observed in the leaf movement is introduced by activation of β-glucosidase regulated by the biological clock.

关键词： calcium   cytoskeleton   reactive oxygen species   DNA cleavage   green fluorescent protein  

摘要： All plant-microbe interactions are initiated at the level of the cell. Recently, the light microscope has increased in popularity as an investigative tool in plant cell biology, in part because of the parallel developments of confocal laser scanning and video microscopy, computerized image processing, and an ever-increasing array of fluorescent probes that can be applied to living cells. In addition, transgenic plants and cells can be generated in which specific components are fluorescently labeled without any invasive experimental manipulation. The application of such techniques to plant-microbe interactions has revealed microbe-induced changes in cytosolic calcium levels, the visualization of reactive oxygen species generation, cytoskeleton rearrangements, DNA cleavage, and the detailed resolution of intercellular and intracellular trafficking of viral components. These techniques, integrated with electron microscopy, molecular genetics, and other types of investigations, are likely to play an increasingly important role in future studies of plant responses to microbial pathogens or mutualists.

关键词： 芸薹属   雄性不育   发育   环境因子   信号传导  

摘要： 针对雄性不育性发生的发育生物学问题，从雄性不育发生的发育阶段调控和环境调控角度综述了芸薹属植物雄性不育发生的细胞学、生理生化以及分子生物学的研究进展，提出从DNA水平和基因表达水平以及应用细胞内信号传导模型探索雄性不育发生的分子机理的思路，并对其在分子育种中的应用作了展望。

ISBN: (纸本)7030077776

关键词： anaerobic waste water treatment   bacteria   fixed bed reactors   molasses   oligonucleotide probes   population analysis  

摘要： Anaerobic degradation of waste water in fixed bed reactors is investigated using molasses as an example of complex composed waste water. The results of differently sized rectors are shown to be transferable and can be used for the design of small waste water treatment plants. The assessment of the reactor performance is done not only by material balances but also by applying microbiological parameters. Modern microbiological methods enable the incorporation of biological parameters into reactor design and process control. The results of these measurements lead to a better understanding of the correlation between changing process parameters and the state of the microbial population, Thus new tools are available to maintain stable and save anaerobic processes.