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关键词： 地植物学  

关键词： AQUATIC plants   NONFICTION  

摘要： Reviews the non-fiction book 'Biology, Ecology, and Management of Aquatic Plants,' edited by Joseph Caffrey, P.R.F. Barrett, M.T. Ferreira, I.S. Moreira, K.J. Murphy and P.M. Wade.

关键词： 蓝、紫粒小麦   色素   品质   农艺性状   遗传  

摘要： 目前,随着人民生活水平的提高,普通白粒小麦已经不能满足人们的生活需要,黑粒小麦由于品质较好越来越受到欢迎,选育出优质的蓝、紫凿小麦已成为必须.几年来,通过大量的试验与数据分析,该文得出以下主要结论:1、搜集了来源于11个国家的57份蓝、紫粒遗传资源,研究了不同来源不同色素种质的植株性状与籽粒色素的关系,表明不同来源的不同色素在植株上的连锁性状不同.2、利用色素基因来源于不同遗传背景的蓝、紫粒小麦种质资源材料,进行了籽粒部分营养品质分析.3、无论色素基因是来源于哪一种类型,其蓝、紫粒的蛋白质含量大部分显著高于白粒普通小麦.4、通过研究分析不同来源的小麦蓝、紫粒种质,发现色素基因来源于黑麦和埃塞俄比亚地方品种的两种类型资源其籽粒铜、铁、锰、锌四种微量元素含量均表现高于白粒对照,而且可以遗传.5、对不同来源的蓝、紫粒小麦发芽特性的研究,结果表明,发芽期间蓝、紫粒小麦发芽势、发芽率和幼苗长度均低于普通小麦.6、通过对蓝、紫粒种质农艺性状鉴定发现:蓝、紫粒与普通小麦相比,多数蓝粒小麦抗病性较强,但其抗倒状和抗冻性差,且分蘖力、成穗率较低.7、蓝、紫粒小麦的遗传:蓝粒为胚乳直感,并表现剂量效应.紫粒性状呈母性遗传模式.

关键词： 撒茎法   芽胞   藓类植物   繁殖生物学   结皮层  

摘要： 采用撒茎法和芽胞培养土生对齿藓Didymodonvinealis的实验表明 :芽胞由植物体叶腋腋毛顶端细胞反复再生 ,原丝体由芽胞和叶基部细胞产生或由腋毛直接生长为原丝体 ,附着在叶背面的芽胞比未附着芽胞产生的原丝体生长更好 ;老茎不直接生长为植物体 ,产生新生枝后死去。同时 ,实验室培养的真藓Bryumargenteum其植物体、叶和细胞形态特征与野生种有明显差异。为人工促进固定沙丘结皮层的形成提供理论和实验依据。

关键词： 生物学特性   菟丝子属   寄生植物   薇甘菊   中药   杂草防除   旋花科  

摘要： 菟丝子属CuscutaL 为旋花科的寄生草本 ,该属的一些种的种子是中药药材。种子有休眠特性 ,在土中寿命很长 ,温度、湿度和种子在土壤中的深度影响种子的萌发出苗。田野菟丝子C .campestris千粒质量为0 5 6 8g ,种子所贮藏的养分只能维持幼苗短期的自养生长。种子繁殖和断枝繁殖是菟丝子属植物繁殖的重要途径。在暖温带地区 ,菟丝子属植物在冬天下雪后枯死 ,靠成熟种子越冬 ,翌年春天萌发 ,并侵染寄主。广东沿海的田野菟丝子的枝条可安全越冬。菟丝子属植物的寄主广泛。田野菟丝子在广东有分布 ,但未成灾。田野菟丝子在外来恶性杂草薇甘菊MikaniamicranthaH B K 上易寄生 ,导致薇甘菊死亡 ,这一特性有可能应用于大面积控制薇甘菊危害。实验表明 ,用田野菟丝子断枝直接寄侵野外生长的薇甘菊不易成功 ,而用种植于营养袋的大豆作为田野菟丝子过渡寄主 ,然后用已在大豆上寄生的田野菟丝子作为寄侵源来控制薇甘菊的生长是可行的。

关键词： competition   weed suppression   weed biology   weed infestation   integrated weed management  

摘要： Differential competitive ability of six winter wheat cultivars and traits that confer such attributes were investigated for a range of seed rates in the presence or absence of weeds for a naturally occurring weed ora in two successive years insplit-plot field experiments. Crop height and tillering capacity were considered suitable attributes for weed suppression, although competitiveness is a relative rather than an absolute characteristic. Maris Huntsman and Maris Widgeon were the most competitive cultivars whereas Fresco was the least competitive. Manipulation of seed rate was a more reliable factor than cultivar selection for enhancement of weed suppression, although competitiveness of cultivars Buster, Riband and Maris Widgeon was not enhanced by increased seed rate. Crop densities ranging between 125 and 270 plants m(-2) were found to offer adequate weed suppression. Linear relationships were observed between individual and total weed species dry weight and reproductive structures per unit area.

关键词： PTERIDOPHYTA   FERNS   PLANT genetics   BIOLOGY   CHROMOSOMES   PHYLOGENY   PLANT evolution   LIFE sciences   NATURAL selection   PLANT breeding  

摘要： Considers how discoveries, insights, and hypotheses have modified perceptions of homosporous pteridophytes, and assesses the impact that these changes have had on understanding basic aspects of plant genetics. Changes in the understanding of plant evolution and genetics; Genetically different phases of vascular plant life cycles; Individual homosporous plants; Perception that more studie of gametophyte biology can provide a better-balanced profile of homosporous species' capacities for colonization and interbreeding.

关键词： Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics   Arabidopsis Proteins/metabolism   Fabaceae/cytology   Fabaceae/cytology   Fabaceae/enzymology   Fabaceae/enzymology   Fabaceae/genetics   Fabaceae/genetics   Fabaceae/metabolism   Fabaceae/metabolism   Genes, Plant/genetics   Mutation   Nitrogen Fixation   Plant Roots/enzymology   Plant Roots/genetics   Plant Roots/metabolism   Plant Shoots/enzymology   Plant Shoots/genetics   Plant Shoots/metabolism   Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics   Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism   Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics   Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism   Signal Transduction   Symbiosis  

摘要： Focuses on clues to a gene which controls the number of symbiotic nitrogen-fixing nodules in legumes. Characterization of regulatory gene which limit nodule numbers; Identification of similar mutants with hypernodulation and aberrant roots; Identification of the shoot control of nodulation.

关键词： Anion Transport Proteins   Antiporters/genetics   Antiporters/metabolism   Arabidopsis/anatomy & histology   Arabidopsis/anatomy & histology   Arabidopsis/genetics   Arabidopsis/genetics   Arabidopsis/metabolism   Arabidopsis/metabolism   Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics   Arabidopsis Proteins/metabolism   Bicarbonates/metabolism   Biological Transport   Boron/deficiency   Boron/deficiency   Boron/metabolism   Boron/metabolism   Carrier Proteins/genetics   Carrier Proteins/metabolism   Humans   Hydrogen-Ion Concentration   Kidney/metabolism   Plant Roots/genetics   Plant Roots/metabolism   Sequence Homology  

摘要： Reports on the identification of a boron transporter from Arabidopsis thaliana. Exportation of boron from specialized root cells into the xylem, the conduit in plants for carrying nutrients upwards from the roots; Factors that determine the entry and exit of solutes.

关键词： POPULATION biology   FIDDLER crabs  

摘要： The population biology of Uca thayeri was studied in a subtropical mangrove in Ubatuba, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Two sampling techniques were used: transect sampling and catch-per-unit-effort. Size frequency distribution, sex-ratio, and reproductive period were analysed. For juvenile crabs (CW < 4.6 mm), the transect procedure was most efficient, while ovigerous females were most collected during the capture effort. Males were most numerous in the transect technique, while in the catch-per-unit-effort there was no difference between sexes. The species showed a different size frequency distribution for each sampling procedure. The reproduction of U. thayeri is seasonal, being more pronounced in the warmer months of the year. However, juveniles occurred all over the year, although more numerous in the colder months. The success of the species in reproductive activity and the constant colonization of the area can be attributed to the availability of food resources and differential occupation of the habitat by ovigerous females.