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关键词： 绿豆   一氧化碳   氧化一氮   下胚轴切除   信号转换   植物生物学  

摘要： In this paper, the regulatory role of ex-ogenous carbon monoxide (CO) during the genera-tion and development of adventitious roots in mung bean (Phaseolus radiatus L. cv. Mingguang) hypo-cotyl cuttings was surveyed. The results indicated that, like nitric oxide (NO), CO donor Hematin in-duced adventitious rooting in dose- and time-de- pendent manners. These responses were also prov- en by the addition of gaseous CO aqueous solution with different concentrations. Additionally, the above CO-mediated effect was differently reversed when CO scavenger hemoglobin (Hb), CO specific syn-thetic inhibitor ZnPPIX, the auxin transport inhibitor NPA and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor L-NAME were added with Hematin, respectively. Furthermore, after being treated with CO for 36 h, NO fluorescence was significantly enhanced and mainly distributed in the zone of vascular bundles whereas the specific NO scavenger cPTIO significantly inhib-ited NO fluorescence induced by CO, indicating that CO induces adventitious rooting of hypocotyl cuttings from mung bean seedling probably mediated by NO/NOS pathway.

关键词： 植物生物学   科学前沿   科学研究   研究论文   分子遗传学   研究成果  

关键词： 植物分子生物学   科学工作者   比较基因组学   功能基因组学   植物生物学   蛋白质组学   生物信息学   计算生物学  

摘要： 《植物分子生物学》（Plant Molecular Biology）是一个国际性期刊，ISSN：0167-4412（印刷版），ISSN：1573-5028（电子版），2005年影响因子为3．328。该刊主要对植物生物学各个领域的原始性论文进行快速报道，内容涉及比较基因组学、功能基因组学、蛋白质组学、生物信息学、计算生物学、生物化学与调节生理网络、生物工程学等方面。由于期刊的版面有限，该刊优先刊登对生物学问题有重要揭示意义及对结构、功能、机制或者调节有最新见解的论文。作者必须确保论文结果是高质量的，论文主要读者群是广大的植物科学工作者。

关键词： sulfur metabolism   systems biology   metabolome   ionome   transcriptome   proteome  

摘要： The establishment of technologies for high-throughput DNA sequencing (genomics), gene expression (transcriptomics), metabolite and it, ion analysis (metabolornics/lonomics) and protein analysis (proteomics) carries with it the challenge of processing and interpreting the accumulating data sets. Publicly accessible databases and newly development and adapted bioinformatic tools are employed to mine this data in order to filter relevant correlations and create models describing physiological states. These data allow the. reconstruction of networks of interactions of the various cellular components as enzyme activities and complexes, gene expression. metabolite pools or pathway flux modes. Especially when merging information from transcriptomics. metabolomics and proteomics into consistent models, it will be possible to describe and predict the behaviour of biological systems, for example with respect to endogenous or environmental changes. However, to capture the interactions of network elements requires measurements under a variety of conditions to generate or refine existing models. The ultimate goal of systems biology is to understand the molecular principles governing plant responses and consistently explain plant physiology.

关键词： Holoparasite   hemiparasite   obligate parasite   facultative parasite   resource capture  

摘要： Host range varies widely among species of parasitic plants. Parasitic plants realize host selection through induction by chemical molecular signals, including germination stimulants and haustoria-inducing factors (HIFs). Research on parasitic plant biology has provided information on germination, haustorium induction, invasion, and haustorial structures and functions. To date, some molecular mechanisms have been suggested to explain how germination stimulants work, involving a chemical change caused by addition of a nucleophilic protein receptor, and direct or indirect stimulation of ethylene generation. Haustorium initiation is induced by HIFs that are generated by HIF-releasing enzymes from the parasite or triggered by redox cycling between electrochemical states of the inducers. Haustorium attachment is non-specific, however, the attachment to a host is facilitated by mucilaginous substances produced by haustorial hairs. Following the attachment, the intrusive cells of parasites penetrate host cells or push their way through the host epidermis and cortex between host cells, and some types of cell wall-degrading enzymes may assist in the penetration process. After the establishment of host-parasite associations, parasitic plants develop special morphological structures (haustoria) and physiological characteristics, such as high transpiration rates, high leaf conductance, and low water potentials in hemiparasites, for nutrient transfer and resource acquisition from their hosts. Therefore, they negatively affect the growth and development and even cause death of their hosts.

关键词： Cactaceae   anthesis   germination   pollination   multiplication   seedling  

摘要： A review of the reproductive biology of fleshy-fruited species of Opuntia sensu stricto was conducted. Among Cactaceae, Opuntia is the most diverse and widely distributed genus in the Americas. The genus is strongly associated with bee pollination and coevolution with at least two bee genera is Suggested. Fruits and vegetative parts, Such as spiny cladodes, are closely linked with seed dispersal and highly efficient vegetative dissemination by animals. Vegetative multiplication appears to be more efficient than sexual reproduction for plant recruitment. Both sexual reproduction and plant multiplication seem to have contributed to the ecological and evolutionary success of the genus, but empirical evidence is lacking. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： kinase   mass spectrometry   metabolomics   quantification   proteomics   subcellular compartmentalization  

摘要： Large-scale analyses of proteins and metabolites are intimately bound to advancements in MS technologies. The aim of these non-targeted "omic" technologies is to extend our understanding beyond the analysis of only parts of the system. Here, metabolomics and proteomics emerged in parallel with the development of novel mass analyzers and hyphenated techniques such as gas chromatography coupled to tine-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS) and multidimensional liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The analysis of (i) proteins (ii) phosphoproteins, and (iii) metabolites is discussed in the context of plant physiology and environment and with a focus on novel method developments. Recently published studies measuring dynamic (quantitative) behavior at these levels are summarized;for these works, the completely sequenced plants Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa (rice) have been the primary models of choice. Particular emphasis is given to key physiological processes such as metabolism, development, stress, and defense. Moreover, attempts to combine spatial, tissue-specific resolution with. systematic profiling are described. Finally, we summarize the initial steps to characterize the molecular plant phenotype as a corollary of environment and genotype. (c) 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

关键词： 植物乳杆菌   分解淀粉   人工胃液   药物敏感性  

摘要： 研究1株植物乳杆菌（N3）的生物学特性,实验结果表明该菌能耐受80-85℃的高温和0.20kg/cm^2蒸汽压力;直接分解玉米淀粉的乳酸产率为7.05%（36 h）和8.19%（48 h）;能耐受pH为4.5的酸性环境;在人工胃液中的活菌数为4.1×10^6 CFU/g;对金霉素、土霉素、痢特灵和氟哌酸等抗生素的敏感性强,而对防霉剂和脱霉素不敏感.植物乳杆菌（N3）是1株优良的益生素生产菌.

关键词： 黄芪属   生物学特性   组织培养  

摘要： 文章从药用黄芪属植物营养体、生殖等生物学特性及组织培养技术方面,对近年来的研究进行了综述。